The structure and crystal chemistry of vernadite in ferromanganese crusts

Lee, Seungyeol; Xu, Huifang; Xu, Wenqian; Sun, Xiaoming

doi:10.1107/S2052520619006528

Title: The structure and crystal chemistry of vernadite in ferromanganese crusts

Journal Article · Fri Jun 14 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Acta Crystallographica. Section B, Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1107/S2052520619006528· OSTI ID:1559941

^[1];

^[2]; Sun, Xiaoming ^[3]

Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI (United States)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sun Yat-sen Univ., Guangzhou (People's Republic of China); Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Guangzhou (People's Republic of China)

The structure and crystal chemistry of vernadite in ferromanganese crusts from the Magellan Seamount in the north-west Pacific Ocean have been investigated using synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray pair distribution function (PDF) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRD patterns of vernadite mainly show two strong diffraction peaks at 2.42–2.43 Å and 1.41 Å without or with a broad (001) diffraction peak, indicating thin layer nanophases along the c-direction. TEM images show flat and curved sheet-like nanocrystals with (001) layer thickness of ~7.2 Å and ~9.6 Å, and their interstratified structure. PDF patterns of the vernadite are similar to those from synthetic δ-MnO₂ and defective birnessite, suggesting a phyllomanganate framework. Combined XRD/PDF patterns suggest that vernadite in the outer part is associated with a higher density interlayer species at triple-edge sharing sites. The proportion of the 10 Å phase increases from the outer (young) part to the inner (old) part of the Mn crusts due to aging and sorption of Mn, Co and Ni from ambient seawater. This study suggests that this combined method of synchrotron radiation XRD/PDF and high-resolution TEM is a powerful tool to determine atomic structures of poorly crystallized nano-minerals. The mixture model of vernadite structure will help to understand the partitioning and distribution of trace elements in the ferromanganese crusts.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities Division; Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1559941

Journal Information:: Acta Crystallographica. Section B, Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials (Online), Vol. 75, Issue 4; ISSN 2052-5206

Publisher:: International Union of CrystallographyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 15 works

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Title: The structure and crystal chemistry of vernadite in ferromanganese crusts

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