Investigating the Unusual Spectroscopic Time Evolution in SN 2012fr

Cain, Christopher; Baron, E.; Phillips, M. M.; Contreras, Carlos; Ashall, Chris; Stritzinger, Maximilian D.; Burns, Christopher R.; Piro, Anthony L.; Hsiao, Eric Y.; Hoeflich, P.; Krisciunas, Kevin; Suntzeff, Nicholas B.

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaef34

Title: Investigating the Unusual Spectroscopic Time Evolution in SN 2012fr

Journal Article · Fri Dec 21 00:00:00 EST 2018 · The Astrophysical Journal (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaef34· OSTI ID:1544075

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Azusa Pacific Univ., CA (United States); Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States); Univ. of California, Riverside, CA (United States)
Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States); Univ. of Hamburg (Germany); Aarhus Univ. (Denmark)
Carnegie Observatories, La Serena (Chile). Las Campanas Observatory
Carnegie Observatories, La Serena (Chile). Las Campanas Observatory; Aarhus Univ. (Denmark)
Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States)
Aarhus Univ. (Denmark)
Carnegie Observatories, Pasadena, CA (United States)
Carnegie Observatories, La Serena (Chile). Las Campanas Observatory; Aarhus Univ. (Denmark); Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States)
Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States)

The type Ia supernova (SN) 2012fr displayed a curious combination of its Si ii λλ5972, 6355 features. This includes the ratio of their pseudo-equivalent widths, placing it at the border of the shallow silicon (SS) and core normal (CN) spectral subtype in the Branch diagram, while the Si ii λ6355 expansion velocities place it as a high-velocity (HV) object in the Wang et al. spectral type that most intriguingly evolves slowly, placing it in the low-velocity gradient (LVG) typing of Benetti et al. Only 5% of SNe Ia are HV and located in the SS+CN portion of the Branch diagram, and fewer than 10% of SNe Ia are both HV and LVG. These features point toward SN 2012fr being quite unusual, similar in many ways to the peculiar SN 2000cx. We modeled the spectral evolution of SN 2012fr to see if we could gain some insight into its evolutionary behavior. We use the parameterized radiative transfer code SYNOW to probe the abundance stratification of SN 2012fr at pre-maximum, maximum, and post-maximum light epochs. We also use a grid of W7 models in the radiative transfer code PHOENIX to probe the effect of different density structures on the formation of the Si ii λ6355 absorption feature at post-maximum epochs. We find that the unusual features observed in SN 2012fr are likely due to a shell-like density enhancement in the outer ejecta. We report on possible reasons for atypical Ca ii absorption features, and suggest that they are related to the Si ii features.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC); Univ. of California, Oakland, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Science Foundation (NSF); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); Aarhus University Research Fund (AUFF); Höchstleistungsrechenzentrum Nord (HLRN)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1544075

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal (Online), Vol. 869, Issue 2; ISSN 1538-4357

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 1 work

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