Tests of Gravity Theories Using Supermassive Black Holes

Sakstein, Jeremy; Jain, Bhuvnesh; Heyl, Jeremy S.; Hui, Lam

doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aa7e26

Title: Tests of Gravity Theories Using Supermassive Black Holes

Journal Article · Thu Jul 20 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa7e26· OSTI ID:1537200

Sakstein, Jeremy ^[1]; Jain, Bhuvnesh ^[1];

^[2]; Hui, Lam ^[3]

Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Center for Particle Cosmology
Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Canada). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States). Dept. of Physics, Center for Theoretical Physic

Scalar-tensor theories of gravity generally violate the strong equivalence principle, namely that compact objects have a suppressed coupling to the scalar force, which causes them to fall slower. A black hole is the extreme example where such a coupling vanishes, i.e., black holes have no scalar hair. We explore observational scenarios for detecting strong equivalence principle violation, focusing on galileon gravity as an example. For galaxies infalling toward galaxy clusters, the supermassive black hole can be offset from the galaxy center away from the direction of the cluster. Well-resolved images of galaxies around nearby clusters can therefore be used to identify the displaced black hole via the star cluster bound to it. We show that this signal is accessible with imaging surveys, both ongoing ones such as the Dark Energy Survey and future ground- and space-based surveys. Already, the observation of the central black hole in M 87 places new constraints on the galileon parameters, which we present here. $${\mathcal O}(1)$$ matter couplings are disfavored for a large region of the parameter space. Lastly, we also find a novel phenomenon whereby the black hole can escape the galaxy completely in less than one billion years.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States); Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0007901; SC0011941; NXX16AB27G

OSTI ID:: 1537200

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online), Vol. 844, Issue 1; ISSN 2041-8213

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 24 works

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Tests of Gravity with Future Space-Based Experiments Sakstein, Jeremy arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1710.03156	text	January 2017
Spontaneous scalarization of black holes and compact stars from a Gauss-Bonnet coupling Silva, Hector O.; Sakstein, Jeremy; Gualtieri, Leonardo arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1711.02080	text	January 2017
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