A Novel Non-Parametric Density Estimation Approach to Measuring Muon Ionization Cooling and Reverse Emittance Exchange in the MICE Experiment
The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) located at Rutherford Ap- pleton Laboratory in the U.K. has demonstrated muon ionization beam cooling for the rst time. A beam of muons in MICE is produced from high-energy proton beam collision with a xed target, generating pions which in turn decay into muons. Pion-decay muons, thus, are tertiary particles and, as a result, occupy a large vol- ume in position{momentum phase space. To t the muon beam into smaller and more cost-eective accelerating devices, muon beam phase{space volume needs to be reduced (beam cooling). Ionization beam cooling, which before MICE has never been demonstrated experimentally for muons, is the only technique fast enough to be used for muons within their short lifetime. Ionization cooling occurs when muons traverse an absorbing material and lose momentum through ionization energy loss. The cooling eect in MICE is measured using two scintillating-ber tracking detec- tors. These trackers, one upstream and one downstream of the absorber, reconstruct and measure the position and momentum coordinates of each muon. Given the pre- cision MICE needed to demonstrate beam cooling, it is necessary to develop analysis tools that can account for any eects that may lead to inaccurate measurement of cooling, such as non{linear eects in beam optics. Non{parametric density estima- tion techniques, such as kernel density estimation (KDE), provide a basis for creating analysis tools that are robust against these eects, directly calculating the muon beam phase-space density and volume for demonstrating beam cooling. This thesis focuses on the application of KDE to the measurement of beam cooling in MICE. The KDE technique is validated using known distributions and is applied to sim- ulated and experimental MICE data corresponding to the various magnet, optics, and absorber congurations. Using the KDE technique, muon beam cooling in the four{dimensional transverse phase space, as well as reverse emittance exchange using MICE data have been demonstrated.
- Research Organization:
- Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC02-07CH11359
- OSTI ID:
- 1515052
- Report Number(s):
- FERMILAB-THESIS-2018-31; 1735518
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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