A high temperature instrument for consecutive measurements of thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and Seebeck coefficient
A device for measuring a plurality of material properties is designed to include accurate sensors configured to consecutively obtain thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and Seebeck coefficient of a single sample while maintaining a vacuum or inert gas environment. Four major design factors are confirmed as sample-heat spreader mismatch, radiation losses, parasitic losses, and sample surface temperature variance. The design is analyzed using finite element methods for high temperature ranges up to 1000°C as well as ultra-high temperatures up to 2500°C. A temperature uncertainty of 0.46% was estimated for a sample with cold and hot sides at 905.1 and 908.5°C, respectively. The uncertainty at 1000°C was calculated to be 0.7% for a ΔT of 5°C between the hot and cold sides. The thermal conductivity uncertainty was calculated to be -8.6% at ~900°C for a case with radiative gains, and +8.2% at ~1000°C for a case with radiative losses, indicating the sensitivity of the measurement to the temperature of the thermal guard in relation to the heat spreader and sample temperature. Lower limits of -17 and -13% error in thermal conductivity measurements were estimated at the ultra-high temperature of ~2500°C for a single-stage and double-stage radiation shield, respectively. Lastly, it is noted that this design is not limited to electro-thermal characterization and will enable measurement of ionic conductivity and surface temperatures of energy materials under realistic operating conditions in extreme temperature environments.
- Research Organization:
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); National Science Foundation (NSF)
- Grant/Contract Number:
- 89233218CNA000001; CAREER-1553987
- OSTI ID:
- 1511608
- Report Number(s):
- LA-UR-18-27670
- Journal Information:
- Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 141, Issue 7; ISSN 0022-1481
- Publisher:
- ASMECopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Web of Science
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