RNAi-suppression of barley caffeic acid O-methyltransferase modifies lignin despite redundancy in the gene family

Daly, Paul; McClellan, Christopher; Maluk, Marta; Oakey, Helena; Lapierre, Catherine; Waugh, Robbie; Stephens, Jennifer; Marshall, David; Barakate, Abdellah; Tsuji, Yukiko; Goeminne, Geert; Vanholme, Ruben; Boerjan, Wout; Ralph, John; Halpin, Claire

doi:10.1111/pbi.13001

Title: RNAi-suppression of barley caffeic acid O-methyltransferase modifies lignin despite redundancy in the gene family

Journal Article · Wed Aug 22 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Plant Biotechnology Journal

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.13001· OSTI ID:1505792

Daly, Paul ^[1]; McClellan, Christopher ^[1]; Maluk, Marta ^[1]; Oakey, Helena ^[2]; Lapierre, Catherine ^[3]; Waugh, Robbie ^[4]; Stephens, Jennifer ^[5]; Marshall, David ^[5]; Barakate, Abdellah ^[1]; Tsuji, Yukiko ^[6]; Goeminne, Geert ^[7]; Vanholme, Ruben ^[7]; Boerjan, Wout ^[7]; Ralph, John ^[6];

^[1]

Univ. of Dundee at the James Hutton Inst., Dundee (United Kingdom)
Univ. of Dundee at the James Hutton Inst., Dundee (United Kingdom); Univ. of Adelaide, SA (Australia)
Univ. Paris-Saclay, Versaille (France)
Univ. of Dundee at the James Hutton Inst., Dundee (United Kingdom); James Hutton Inst., Dundee (United Kingdom)
James Hutton Inst., Dundee (United Kingdom)
Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Madison, WI (United States); Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)
VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent (Belgium); Ghent Univ. (Belgium)

Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT), the lignin biosynthesis gene modified in many brown-midrib high-digestibility mutants of maize and sorghum, was targeted for downregulation in the small grain temperate cereal, barley (Hordeum vulgare), to improve straw properties. Phylogenetic and expression analyses identified the barley COMT orthologue(s) expressed in stems, defining a larger gene family than in brachypodium or rice with three COMT genes expressed in lignifying tissues. RNAi significantly reduced stem COMT protein and enzyme activity, and modestly reduced stem lignin content while dramatically changing lignin structure. Lignin syringyl-to-guaiacyl ratio was reduced by ~50%, the 5-hydroxyguaiacyl (5-OH-G) unit incorporated into lignin at 10-–15-fold higher levels than normal, and the amount of p-coumaric acid ester-linked to cell walls was reduced by ~50%. No brown-midrib phenotype was observed in any RNAi line despite significant COMT suppression and altered lignin. The novel COMT gene family structure in barley highlights the dynamic nature of grass genomes. Redundancy in barley COMTs may explain the absence of brown-midrib mutants in barley and wheat. The barley COMT RNAi lines nevertheless have the potential to be exploited for bioenergy applications and as animal feed.

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Research Organization:: Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC), Madison, WI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0018409

OSTI ID:: 1505792

Journal Information:: Plant Biotechnology Journal, Vol. 17, Issue 3; ISSN 1467-7644

Publisher:: Society for Experimental Biology; Association of Applied BiologyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 32 works

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Gene duplications and the time thereafter - examples from plant secondary metabolism Ober, D. Plant Biology https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.2009.00317.x	journal	February 2010
Structural and expressional divergence of genes encoding O -methyltransferase in wheat Jung, Je Hyeong; Hong, Min Jeong; Kim, Dae Yeon Genome, Vol. 51, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1139/g08-069	journal	October 2008

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OsCAldOMT1 is a bifunctional O-methyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of tricin-lignins in rice cell walls Lam, Pui Ying; Tobimatsu, Yuki; Matsumoto, Naoyuki Scientific Reports, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-47957-0	journal	August 2019
Low Lignin Mutants and Reduction of Lignin Content in Grasses for Increased Utilisation of Lignocellulose Christensen, Cecilie S. L.; Rasmussen, Søren K. Agronomy, Vol. 9, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9050256	journal	May 2019
Overexpression of TaCOMT Improves Melatonin Production and Enhances Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis Yang, Wen-Jing; Du, Yong-Tao; Zhou, Yong-Bin International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol. 20, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20030652	journal	February 2019
Association mapping identifies quantitative trait loci (QTL) for digestibility in rice straw Nguyen, Duong T.; Gomez, Leonardo D.; Harper, Andrea Biotechnology for Biofuels, Vol. 13, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-020-01807-8	journal	October 2020

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59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT)
lignin
brown-midrib
barley (Hordeum vulgare)
straw
RNAi
biofuels
biorefineries

Title: RNAi-suppression of barley caffeic acid O-methyltransferase modifies lignin despite redundancy in the gene family

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