High spin polarization in epitaxial Fe4N thin films using Cr and Ag as buffer layers

Li, Hongshi; Li, Xuan; Kim, Dongrin; Zhao, Gejian; Zhang, Delin; Diao, Zhitao; Chen, Tingyong; Wang, Jian -Ping

doi:10.1063/1.5023698

Title: High spin polarization in epitaxial Fe₄N thin films using Cr and Ag as buffer layers

Abstract

Fe₄N thin films with (001) texture were prepared by reactive sputtering on MgO substrates, utilizing either a Cr or Ag buffer layer to facilitate the epitaxial growth. X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry measurements show that the Fe₄N thin film grown on the Ag buffer layer is superior to that grown on the Cr buffer layer. The point contact Andreev reflection measurement was then conducted, and the spin polarizations were determined to be 61.1% and 81.3% for Fe₄N thin films with Cr and Ag buffer layers, respectively. The 81.3% spin polarization is significantly higher than the ratio reported previously for Fe₄N and is comparable with that of state-of-the-art Heusler alloys. This result is in agreement with the theoretical prediction on the discrepancy between the two differently defined spin polarizations for Fe₄N. Moreover, our study indicates that an optimized growth process for Fe₄N thin films is crucial for achieving a high spin polarization and that true half-metallicity could potentially be realized with Fe₄N. Furthermore the high spin polarization of Fe₄N combined with its low fabrication temperature and simple composition makes Fe₄N a competitive candidate to be a half-metallic ferromagnet in spintronic devices.

Authors:

Li, Hongshi ^[1]; Li, Xuan ^[1]; Kim, Dongrin ^[2]; Zhao, Gejian ^[2]; Zhang, Delin ^[1]; Diao, Zhitao ^[3];

^[2]; Wang, Jian -Ping ^[1]

Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States)
Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States)
Western Digital Corp., San Jose, CA (United States)

Publication Date:: Wed Apr 18 00:00:00 EDT 2018

Research Org.:: Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Spins and Heat in Nanoscale Electronic Systems (SHINES); Univ. of California, Riverside, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1503634

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1433574

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012670

Resource Type:: Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Applied Physics Letters

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 112; Journal Issue: 16; Journal ID: ISSN 0003-6951

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY

Citation Formats


                    Li, Hongshi, Li, Xuan, Kim, Dongrin, Zhao, Gejian, Zhang, Delin, Diao, Zhitao, Chen, Tingyong, and Wang, Jian -Ping. High spin polarization in epitaxial Fe4N thin films using Cr and Ag as buffer layers.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
        Web.  doi:10.1063/1.5023698.

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                    Li, Hongshi, Li, Xuan, Kim, Dongrin, Zhao, Gejian, Zhang, Delin, Diao, Zhitao, Chen, Tingyong, & Wang, Jian -Ping. High spin polarization in epitaxial Fe4N thin films using Cr and Ag as buffer layers.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5023698

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                    Li, Hongshi, Li, Xuan, Kim, Dongrin, Zhao, Gejian, Zhang, Delin, Diao, Zhitao, Chen, Tingyong, and Wang, Jian -Ping. 2018.  
        "High spin polarization in epitaxial Fe4N thin films using Cr and Ag as buffer layers".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5023698.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1503634.

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@article{osti_1503634,

  title        = {High spin polarization in epitaxial Fe4N thin films using Cr and Ag as buffer layers},

  author       = {Li, Hongshi and Li, Xuan and Kim, Dongrin and Zhao, Gejian and Zhang, Delin and Diao, Zhitao and Chen, Tingyong and Wang, Jian -Ping},

  abstractNote = {Fe4N thin films with (001) texture were prepared by reactive sputtering on MgO substrates, utilizing either a Cr or Ag buffer layer to facilitate the epitaxial growth. X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry measurements show that the Fe4N thin film grown on the Ag buffer layer is superior to that grown on the Cr buffer layer. The point contact Andreev reflection measurement was then conducted, and the spin polarizations were determined to be 61.1% and 81.3% for Fe4N thin films with Cr and Ag buffer layers, respectively. The 81.3% spin polarization is significantly higher than the ratio reported previously for Fe4N and is comparable with that of state-of-the-art Heusler alloys. This result is in agreement with the theoretical prediction on the discrepancy between the two differently defined spin polarizations for Fe4N. Moreover, our study indicates that an optimized growth process for Fe4N thin films is crucial for achieving a high spin polarization and that true half-metallicity could potentially be realized with Fe4N. Furthermore the high spin polarization of Fe4N combined with its low fabrication temperature and simple composition makes Fe4N a competitive candidate to be a half-metallic ferromagnet in spintronic devices.},

  doi          = {10.1063/1.5023698},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1503634},
  journal      = {Applied Physics Letters},

  issn         = {0003-6951},

  number       = 16,

  volume       = 112,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Apr 18 00:00:00 EDT 2018},

  month        = {Wed Apr 18 00:00:00 EDT 2018}

}

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Journal Article:

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https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5023698

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Cited by: 16 works

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Figures / Tables:

FIG. 1: (a) θ-2θ XRD scans of the Fe₄N films grown on Cr and Ag buffer layers. (b) Rocking curve measurement of Fe₄N (002) peaks.

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Strain relaxation in epitaxial γ ′-Fe ₄ N ultrathin films
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Effect of interfacial interdiffusion on magnetism in epitaxial ${Fe}_{4} N$ films on ${LaAlO}_{3}$ substrates
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https://doi.org/10.3204/pubdb-2019-03223

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Title: High spin polarization in epitaxial Fe4N thin films using Cr and Ag as buffer layers

Abstract

Citation Formats

Figures / Tables:

Negative spin polarization at the Fermi level in Fe 4 N epitaxial films by spin-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy journal, July 2012

Damping constant measurement and inverse giant magnetoresistance in spintronic devices with Fe 4 N journal, December 2017

The calculated electronic and magnetic structures of Fe4N and Mn 4N journal, January 1988

New Class of Materials: Half-Metallic Ferromagnets journal, June 1983

Epitaxial growth and thermal stability of Fe 4 N film on TiN buffered Si(001) substrate journal, April 2011

Anisotropic magnetoresistance in facing-target reactively sputtered epitaxial γ′-Fe4N films journal, May 2015

Anomalous Hall effects in pseudo-single-crystal γ ′-Fe 4 N thin films journal, May 2016

Large magnetoresistance in current-perpendicular-to-plane pseudo spin-valves using Co 2 Fe(Ga 0.5 Ge 0.5 ) Heusler alloy and AgZn spacer journal, September 2015

Spin polarization and Gilbert damping of Co2Fe(GaxGe1−x) Heusler alloys journal, October 2012

Negative anisotropic magnetoresistance resulting from minority spin transport in Ni x Fe 4− x N ( x = 1 and 3) epitaxial films journal, January 2017

Huge Spin-Polarization of L2 1 -Ordered Co 2 MnSi Epitaxial Heusler Alloy Film journal, August 2005

Factors affecting surface roughness and coercivity of Ni[sub 80]Fe[sub 20] thin films journal, January 2002

Theoretical analysis of highly spin-polarized transport in the iron nitride Fe 4 N journal, May 2006

Investigation of γ′-Fe4N thin films deposited on Si(1 0 0) and GaAs(1 0 0) substrates by facing target magnetron sputtering journal, September 2015

Deposition and spin polarization study of Fe 4 N thin films with (111) orientation journal, September 2017

Spin polarization of amorphous CoFeB determined by point-contact Andreev reflection journal, June 2008

Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy and High Spin Polarization in Tetragonal Fe 4 N / BiFeO 3 Heterostructures journal, December 2016

Relations of electronic energies and magnetic moments of tetra-3d metal (Mn, Fe, Co and Ni) nitrides calculated using a plane-wave basis method journal, September 2010

Co2MnSi Heusler alloy as magnetic electrodes in magnetic tunnel junctions journal, July 2004

Large tunnel magnetoresistance in magnetic tunnel junctions using a Co2MnSi Heusler alloy electrode and a MgO barrier journal, September 2008

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Ab initio study of structural and magnetic properties of cubic Fe4N(001) surface journal, August 2012

Electric-field tunable perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in tetragonal Fe 4 N/BiFeO 3 heterostructures journal, July 2017

Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and high spin-polarization ratio in epitaxial Fe-N thin films journal, December 2011

Self-consistent calculations for the electronic structures of iron nitrides, Fe3N, Fe4N and Fe16N2 journal, December 1991

Correlations between structural, electronic transport, and magnetic properties of Co 2 FeAl 0.5 Si 0.5 Heusler alloy epitaxial thin films journal, August 2015

Structural and magnetic properties of epitaxially grown full-Heusler alloy Co2MnGe thin films deposited using magnetron sputtering journal, April 2006

Thin film phase diagram of iron nitrides grown by molecular beam epitaxy journal, January 2017

Measurement of spin polarization of single crystals of La 0.7 Sr 0.3 MnO 3 and La 0.6 Sr 0.4 MnO 3 journal, July 2002

Structural and magnetic properties of size-controlled Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles and magnetic fluids journal, October 2009

The preparation and ferromagnetism of single crystal ε-Fe3N(111) film on SrTiO3(100) substrate journal, November 2016

Pronounced effects of additional resistance in Andreev reflection spectroscopy journal, June 2010

Investigation on the structure and magnetic properties at low temperature for nanocrystalline γ′-Fe4N thin films journal, January 2009

Measuring the Spin Polarization of a Metal with a Superconducting Point Contact journal, October 1998

Fabrication of highly spin-polarized Co 2 FeAl 0.5 Si 0.5 thin-films journal, April 2014

Probing Ferromagnets with Andreev Reflection journal, October 1998

Determination of the Spin Polarization of Half-Metallic CrO 2 by Point Contact Andreev Reflection journal, June 2001

Tunneling between ferromagnetic films journal, September 1975

75% inverse magnetoresistance at room temperature in Fe4N/MgO/CoFeB magnetic tunnel junctions fabricated on Cu underlayer journal, April 2009

Electronic, magnetic properties and phase diagrams of system with Fe4N compound: An ab initio calculations and Monte Carlo study journal, May 2018

Near-complete spin polarization in atomically-smooth chromium-dioxide epitaxial films prepared using a CVD liquid precursor journal, October 2001

Ab initio studies of magnetic properties of cobalt and tetracobalt nitride Co 4 N journal, June 2007

Enhanced half-metallicity of off-stoichiometric quaternary Heusler alloy C o 2 ( Mn , Fe ) Si investigated through saturation magnetization and tunneling magnetoresistance journal, April 2016

Reactively sputtered epitaxial γ′-Fe4N films: Surface morphology, microstructure, magnetic and electrical transport properties journal, October 2013

Spin polarization of Fe4N thin films determined by point-contact Andreev reflection journal, May 2009

Mechanism of large magnetoresistance in Co 2 MnSi / Ag / Co 2 MnSi devices with current perpendicular to the plane journal, September 2010

Negative Anisotropic Magnetoresistance in Fe 4 N Film journal, July 2009

Diamond-like carbon films prepared by facing-target sputtering journal, December 2002

Strain relaxation in epitaxial γ ′-Fe 4 N ultrathin films journal, September 2019

Effect of interfacial interdiffusion on magnetism in epitaxial Fe 4 N films on LaAlO 3 substrates journal, November 2019

In-situ growth of iron mononitride thin films studied using x-ray absorption spectroscopy and nuclear resonant scattering text, January 2019

Title: High spin polarization in epitaxial Fe₄N thin films using Cr and Ag as buffer layers

Negative spin polarization at the Fermi level in Fe ₄ N epitaxial films by spin-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy
journal, July 2012

Damping constant measurement and inverse giant magnetoresistance in spintronic devices with Fe ₄ N
journal, December 2017

The calculated electronic and magnetic structures of Fe4N and Mn 4N
journal, January 1988

New Class of Materials: Half-Metallic Ferromagnets
journal, June 1983

Epitaxial growth and thermal stability of Fe ₄ N film on TiN buffered Si(001) substrate
journal, April 2011

Anisotropic magnetoresistance in facing-target reactively sputtered epitaxial γ′-Fe4N films
journal, May 2015

Anomalous Hall effects in pseudo-single-crystal γ ′-Fe ₄ N thin films
journal, May 2016

Large magnetoresistance in current-perpendicular-to-plane pseudo spin-valves using Co ₂ Fe(Ga _0.5 Ge _0.5 ) Heusler alloy and AgZn spacer
journal, September 2015

Spin polarization and Gilbert damping of Co2Fe(GaxGe1−x) Heusler alloys
journal, October 2012

Negative anisotropic magnetoresistance resulting from minority spin transport in Ni _x Fe ₄₋ _x N ( x = 1 and 3) epitaxial films
journal, January 2017

Huge Spin-Polarization of L2 ₁ -Ordered Co ₂ MnSi Epitaxial Heusler Alloy Film
journal, August 2005

Factors affecting surface roughness and coercivity of Ni[sub 80]Fe[sub 20] thin films
journal, January 2002

Theoretical analysis of highly spin-polarized transport in the iron nitride ${Fe}_{4} N$
journal, May 2006

Investigation of γ′-Fe4N thin films deposited on Si(1 0 0) and GaAs(1 0 0) substrates by facing target magnetron sputtering
journal, September 2015

Deposition and spin polarization study of Fe ₄ N thin films with (111) orientation
journal, September 2017

Spin polarization of amorphous CoFeB determined by point-contact Andreev reflection
journal, June 2008

Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy and High Spin Polarization in Tetragonal ${Fe}_{4} N / {BiFeO}_{3}$ Heterostructures
journal, December 2016

Relations of electronic energies and magnetic moments of tetra-3d metal (Mn, Fe, Co and Ni) nitrides calculated using a plane-wave basis method
journal, September 2010

Co2MnSi Heusler alloy as magnetic electrodes in magnetic tunnel junctions
journal, July 2004

Large tunnel magnetoresistance in magnetic tunnel junctions using a Co2MnSi Heusler alloy electrode and a MgO barrier
journal, September 2008

Structure and magnetic properties of γ′-Fe4N films grown on MgO-buffered Si (001)
journal, December 2012

Ab initio study of structural and magnetic properties of cubic Fe4N(001) surface
journal, August 2012

Electric-field tunable perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in tetragonal Fe ₄ N/BiFeO ₃ heterostructures
journal, July 2017

Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and high spin-polarization ratio in epitaxial Fe-N thin films
journal, December 2011

Self-consistent calculations for the electronic structures of iron nitrides, Fe3N, Fe4N and Fe16N2
journal, December 1991

Correlations between structural, electronic transport, and magnetic properties of ${Co}_{2} {FeAl}_{0.5} {Si}_{0.5}$ Heusler alloy epitaxial thin films
journal, August 2015

Structural and magnetic properties of epitaxially grown full-Heusler alloy Co2MnGe thin films deposited using magnetron sputtering
journal, April 2006

Thin film phase diagram of iron nitrides grown by molecular beam epitaxy
journal, January 2017

Measurement of spin polarization of single crystals of ${La}_{0.7} {Sr}_{0.3} {MnO}_{3}$ and ${La}_{0.6} {Sr}_{0.4} {MnO}_{3}$
journal, July 2002

Structural and magnetic properties of size-controlled Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles and magnetic fluids
journal, October 2009

The preparation and ferromagnetism of single crystal ε-Fe3N(111) film on SrTiO3(100) substrate
journal, November 2016

Pronounced effects of additional resistance in Andreev reflection spectroscopy
journal, June 2010

Investigation on the structure and magnetic properties at low temperature for nanocrystalline γ′-Fe4N thin films
journal, January 2009

Measuring the Spin Polarization of a Metal with a Superconducting Point Contact
journal, October 1998

Fabrication of highly spin-polarized Co ₂ FeAl _0.5 Si _0.5 thin-films
journal, April 2014

Probing Ferromagnets with Andreev Reflection
journal, October 1998

Determination of the Spin Polarization of Half-Metallic ${CrO}_{2}$ by Point Contact Andreev Reflection
journal, June 2001

Tunneling between ferromagnetic films
journal, September 1975

75% inverse magnetoresistance at room temperature in Fe4N/MgO/CoFeB magnetic tunnel junctions fabricated on Cu underlayer
journal, April 2009

Electronic, magnetic properties and phase diagrams of system with Fe4N compound: An ab initio calculations and Monte Carlo study
journal, May 2018

Near-complete spin polarization in atomically-smooth chromium-dioxide epitaxial films prepared using a CVD liquid precursor
journal, October 2001

Ab initio studies of magnetic properties of cobalt and tetracobalt nitride ${Co}_{4} N$
journal, June 2007

Enhanced half-metallicity of off-stoichiometric quaternary Heusler alloy $C o_{2} (Mn, Fe) Si$ investigated through saturation magnetization and tunneling magnetoresistance
journal, April 2016

Reactively sputtered epitaxial γ′-Fe4N films: Surface morphology, microstructure, magnetic and electrical transport properties
journal, October 2013

Spin polarization of Fe4N thin films determined by point-contact Andreev reflection
journal, May 2009

Mechanism of large magnetoresistance in ${Co}_{2} MnSi / Ag / {Co}_{2} MnSi$ devices with current perpendicular to the plane
journal, September 2010

Negative Anisotropic Magnetoresistance in Fe ₄ N Film
journal, July 2009

Diamond-like carbon films prepared by facing-target sputtering
journal, December 2002

Strain relaxation in epitaxial γ ′-Fe ₄ N ultrathin films
journal, September 2019

Effect of interfacial interdiffusion on magnetism in epitaxial ${Fe}_{4} N$ films on ${LaAlO}_{3}$ substrates
journal, November 2019

In-situ growth of iron mononitride thin films studied using x-ray absorption spectroscopy and nuclear resonant scattering
text, January 2019