Probability Density Function for Waves Propagating in a Straight Rough Wall Tunnel
The radio channel places fundamental limitations on the performance of wireless communication systems in tunnels and caves. The transmission path between the transmitter and receiver can vary from a simple direct line of sight to one that is severely obstructed by rough walls and corners. Unlike wired channels that are stationary and predictable, radio channels can be extremely random and difficult to analyze. In fact, modeling the radio channel has historically been one of the more challenging parts of any radio system design; this is often done using statistical methods. The mechanisms behind electromagnetic wave propagation are diverse, but can generally be attributed to reflection, diffraction, and scattering. Because of the multiple reflections from rough walls, the electromagnetic waves travel along different paths of varying lengths. The interactions between these waves cause multipath fading at any location, and the strengths of the waves decrease as the distance between the transmitter and receiver increases. As a consequence of the central limit theorem, the received signals are approximately Gaussian random process. This means that the field propagating in a cave or tunnel is typically a complex-valued Gaussian random process.
- Research Organization:
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-7405-ENG-48
- OSTI ID:
- 15013903
- Report Number(s):
- UCRL-PROC-202082; TRN: US200803%%884
- Resource Relation:
- Journal Volume: 44; Journal Issue: 5; Conference: Presented at: 2004 IEEE AP-S INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM AND, Monterey, CA, United States, Jun 20 - Jun 26, 2004
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Mathematical Analysis of Random Noise
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journal | January 1945 |
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