3D Printed Optical Quality Silica and Silica-Titania Glasses from Sol-Gel Feedstocks

Destino, Joel F.; Dudukovic, Nikola A.; Johnson, Michael A.; Nguyen, Du T.; Yee, Timothy D.; Egan, Garth C.; Sawvel, April M.; Steele, William A.; Baumann, Theodore F.; Duoss, Eric B.; Suratwala, Tayyab; Dylla-Spears, Rebecca

doi:10.1002/admt.201700323

Title: 3D Printed Optical Quality Silica and Silica-Titania Glasses from Sol-Gel Feedstocks

Abstract

Abstract A method for fabricating optical quality silica and silica–titania glasses by three‐dimensional (3D) printing is reported. Key to this success is the combination of sol–gel derived silica and silica–titania colloidal feedstocks, direct ink writing (DIW) technology, and conventional glass thermal processing methods. Printable silica and silica–titania sol inks are prepared directly from molecular precursors by a simple one‐pot method, which is optimized to yield viscous, shear‐thinning colloidal suspensions with tuned rheology ideal for DIW. After printing, the parts are dried and sintered under optimized thermal conditions to ensure complete organic removal and uniform densification without crystallization. Characterizations of the 3D‐printed pure silica and silica–titania glasses show that they are equivalent to commercial optical fused silica and silica–titania glasses. More specifically, they exhibit comparable chemical composition, SiO ₂ network structure, refractive index, dispersion, optical transmission, and coefficient of thermal expansion. 3D‐printed silica and silica–titania glasses also exhibit comparable polished surface roughness and meet refractive index homogeneity standards within range of commercial optical grade glasses. This method establishes 3D printing as a viable tool to create optical glasses with compositional and geometric configurations that are inaccessible by conventional optical fabrication methods.

Authors:

Destino, Joel F. ^[1]; Dudukovic, Nikola A. ^[2]; Johnson, Michael A. ^[2]; Nguyen, Du T. ^[2]; Yee, Timothy D. ^[2]; Egan, Garth C. ^[2]; Sawvel, April M. ^[2]; Steele, William A. ^[2]; Baumann, Theodore F. ^[2]; Duoss, Eric B. ^[2];

^[2];

^[2]

Creighton Univ., Omaha NE (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Publication Date:: Mon Jan 08 00:00:00 EST 2018

Research Org.:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

OSTI Identifier:: 1491643

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1416399

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-737841
Journal ID: ISSN 2365-709X; 890806

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

Resource Type:: Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Advanced Materials Technologies

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 3; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 2365-709X

Publisher:: Wiley

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Citation Formats


                    Destino, Joel F., Dudukovic, Nikola A., Johnson, Michael A., Nguyen, Du T., Yee, Timothy D., Egan, Garth C., Sawvel, April M., Steele, William A., Baumann, Theodore F., Duoss, Eric B., Suratwala, Tayyab, and Dylla-Spears, Rebecca. 3D Printed Optical Quality Silica and Silica-Titania Glasses from Sol-Gel Feedstocks.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
        Web.  doi:10.1002/admt.201700323.

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                    Destino, Joel F., Dudukovic, Nikola A., Johnson, Michael A., Nguyen, Du T., Yee, Timothy D., Egan, Garth C., Sawvel, April M., Steele, William A., Baumann, Theodore F., Duoss, Eric B., Suratwala, Tayyab, & Dylla-Spears, Rebecca. 3D Printed Optical Quality Silica and Silica-Titania Glasses from Sol-Gel Feedstocks.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.201700323

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                    Destino, Joel F., Dudukovic, Nikola A., Johnson, Michael A., Nguyen, Du T., Yee, Timothy D., Egan, Garth C., Sawvel, April M., Steele, William A., Baumann, Theodore F., Duoss, Eric B., Suratwala, Tayyab, and Dylla-Spears, Rebecca. 2018.  
        "3D Printed Optical Quality Silica and Silica-Titania Glasses from Sol-Gel Feedstocks".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.201700323.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1491643.

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@article{osti_1491643,

  title        = {3D Printed Optical Quality Silica and Silica-Titania Glasses from Sol-Gel Feedstocks},

  author       = {Destino, Joel F. and Dudukovic, Nikola A. and Johnson, Michael A. and Nguyen, Du T. and Yee, Timothy D. and Egan, Garth C. and Sawvel, April M. and Steele, William A. and Baumann, Theodore F. and Duoss, Eric B. and Suratwala, Tayyab and Dylla-Spears, Rebecca},

  abstractNote = {Abstract A method for fabricating optical quality silica and silica–titania glasses by three‐dimensional (3D) printing is reported. Key to this success is the combination of sol–gel derived silica and silica–titania colloidal feedstocks, direct ink writing (DIW) technology, and conventional glass thermal processing methods. Printable silica and silica–titania sol inks are prepared directly from molecular precursors by a simple one‐pot method, which is optimized to yield viscous, shear‐thinning colloidal suspensions with tuned rheology ideal for DIW. After printing, the parts are dried and sintered under optimized thermal conditions to ensure complete organic removal and uniform densification without crystallization. Characterizations of the 3D‐printed pure silica and silica–titania glasses show that they are equivalent to commercial optical fused silica and silica–titania glasses. More specifically, they exhibit comparable chemical composition, SiO 2 network structure, refractive index, dispersion, optical transmission, and coefficient of thermal expansion. 3D‐printed silica and silica–titania glasses also exhibit comparable polished surface roughness and meet refractive index homogeneity standards within range of commercial optical grade glasses. This method establishes 3D printing as a viable tool to create optical glasses with compositional and geometric configurations that are inaccessible by conventional optical fabrication methods.},

  doi          = {10.1002/admt.201700323},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1491643},
  journal      = {Advanced Materials Technologies},

  issn         = {2365-709X},

  number       = 6,

  volume       = 3,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Jan 08 00:00:00 EST 2018},

  month        = {Mon Jan 08 00:00:00 EST 2018}

}

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Journal Article:

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https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.201700323

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Figures / Tables:

Figure 1: Sol-gel derived DIW SiO₂/SiO₂-TiO₂ glass fabrication scheme. (1) SiO₂ particle sol preparation. (2) TiO₂-SiO₂ core-shell particle preparation. (3) Ink preparation via solvent exchange from particle sol to DIW printable ink. (4) DIW printing of glass preform. (5) Organic removal to low density inorganic glass preform. (6) Sintering tomore »

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Similar Records

Title: 3D Printed Optical Quality Silica and Silica-Titania Glasses from Sol-Gel Feedstocks

Abstract

Citation Formats

Figures / Tables:

3D Printing of Free Standing Liquid Metal Microstructures journal, July 2013

Rheology of Silica Dispersions in Organic Liquids: New Evidence for Solvation Forces Dictated by Hydrogen Bonding journal, October 2000

Structural considerations about SiO2 glasses prepared by sol-gel journal, June 1986

3D-Printing of Meso-structurally Ordered Carbon Fiber/Polymer Composites with Unprecedented Orthotropic Physical Properties journal, March 2017

Quantitative Determination of the Hydroxyl Content of Vitreous Silica journal, April 1982

Fabrication of SiO2-TiO2 glass planar optical waveguides by flame hydrolysis deposition journal, January 1983

Three-dimensional printing of transparent fused silica glass journal, April 2017

Microstructural and optical properties of sol-gel silica-titania waveguides journal, November 1997

Charged micelle halo mechanism for agglomeration reduction in metal oxide particle based polishing slurries journal, April 2014

Gradient-index doped silica rod lenses produced by a solgel method journal, January 1990

Additive Manufacturing of Glass journal, October 2014

The guide to glass 3D printing: developments, methods, diagnostics and results journal, April 2011

Synthesis of Raspberry-Like SiO 2 –TiO 2 Nanoparticles toward Antireflective and Self-Cleaning Coatings journal, May 2013

The surface chemistry of amorphous silica. Zhuravlev model journal, November 2000

Microscopic Removal Function and the Relationship Between Slurry Particle Size Distribution and Workpiece Roughness During Pad Polishing journal, November 2013

The sol-gel transformation of TIPT coatings: a FTIR study journal, July 1999

Effect of Surface Water and Base Catalysis on the Silanization of Silica by (Aminopropyl)alkoxysilanes Studied by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and 13C Cross-Polarization/Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance journal, February 1994

Rheological characterization of yield stress gels formed via electrostatic heteroaggregation of metal oxide nanoparticles journal, January 2017

Structural investigation of the hydrolysis-condensation process of titanium alkoxides Ti(OR)4 (OR = OPr-iso, OEt) modified by acetylacetone. 2. From the modified precursor to the colloids journal, March 1989

Sol-gel derived antireflective coatings for silicon journal, August 1981

Liquid Glass: A Facile Soft Replication Method for Structuring Glass journal, April 2016

Spectral Inverse Quantum (Spectral-IQ) Method for Modeling Mesoporous Systems: Application on Silica Films by FTIR journal, November 2012

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Direct ink write fabrication of transparent ceramic gain media journal, January 2018

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Biodegradable scaffold with built-in vasculature for organ-on-a-chip engineering and direct surgical anastomosis
journal, March 2016

Direct ink write fabrication of transparent ceramic gain media
journal, January 2018

Sol-Gel Inks for Direct-Write Assembly of Functional Oxides
journal, November 2007

On the True Photoreactivity Order of {001}, {010}, and {101} Facets of Anatase TiO2 Crystals
journal, January 2011

3D-Printed Transparent Glass
journal, April 2017

Designed Synthesis of SiO ₂ /TiO ₂ Core/Shell Structure As Light Scattering Material for Highly Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
journal, May 2013

Health hazards due to the inhalation of amorphous silica
journal, November 2001

Synthesis and Characterization of High-Surface-Area Silica–Titania Monoliths
journal, May 2012

Binary Titania-Silica Glasses Containing 10 to 20 Wt% TiO2
journal, May 1976

Grafting Strategy to Develop Single Site Titanium on an Amorphous Silica Surface
journal, June 2009

Additive Manufacturing of Transparent Soda-Lime Glass Using a Filament-Fed Process
journal, January 2017

Synthesis of SiO2-TiO2 xerogels by sol-gel process
journal, January 1995

Preparation of monodisperse silica particles: Control of size and mass fraction
journal, August 1988

Continuous liquid interface production of 3D objects
journal, March 2015

Raman and infrared spectra on silica gel evolving toward glass
journal, March 1982

Approaching theoretical strength in glassy carbon nanolattices
journal, February 2016

Solid Solution of TiO2 in SiO2
journal, July 1970

Instrumented cardiac microphysiological devices via multimaterial three-dimensional printing
journal, October 2016

Metal Additive Manufacturing: A Review
journal, April 2014

Size Dependence of the Kinetic Rate Constant for Phase Transformation in TiO ₂ Nanoparticles
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Convergent Pad Polishing of Amorphous Silica
journal, February 2012

Surface chemistry and trimethylsilyl functionalization of Stöber silica sols
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On the True Photoreactivity Order of {001}, {010}, and {101} Facets of Anatase TiO2 Crystals
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A New Approach to 3D Printing Dense Ceramics by Ceramic Precursor Binders
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High‐Performance Materials for 3D Printing in Chemical Synthesis Applications
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Rolled‐up Nanotechnology: Materials Issue and Geometry Capability
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3D Printing of Compositional Gradients Using the Microfluidic Circuit Analogy
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Freeform Microfluidic Networks Encapsulated in Laser‐Printed 3D Macroscale Glass Objects
journal, December 2019

Additive Manufacturing: Applications and Directions in Photonics and Optoelectronics
journal, September 2018

Three-dimensional printing of multicomponent glasses using phase-separating resins
journal, November 2019

Chemical analysis using 3D printed glass microfluidics
journal, January 2019

Silica optical fiber drawn from 3D printed preforms
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High-Performance Materials for 3D Printing in Chemical Synthesis Applications
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