iPTF 16hgs: A Double-peaked Ca-rich Gap Transient in a Metal-poor, Star-forming Dwarf Galaxy

De, Kishalay; Kasliwal, Mansi M.; Cantwell, Therese; Cao, Yi; Cenko, S. Bradley; Gal-Yam, Avishay; Johansson, Joel; Kong, Albert; Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.; Lunnan, Ragnhild; Masci, Frank; Matuszewski, Matt; Mooley, Kunal P.; Neill, James D.; Nugent, Peter E.; Ofek, Eran O.; Perrott, Yvette; Rebbapragada, Umaa D.; Rubin, Adam; Sullivan, Donal O’; Yaron, Ofer

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aadf8e

Title: iPTF 16hgs: A Double-peaked Ca-rich Gap Transient in a Metal-poor, Star-forming Dwarf Galaxy

Journal Article · Wed Oct 10 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · The Astrophysical Journal (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aadf8e· OSTI ID:1480818

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California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Cahill Centre for Astrophysics
Univ. of Manchester (United Kingdom). Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Alan Turing Building, School of Physics and Astronomy
Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States). Dept. of Astronomy
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States). Astrophysics Science Division; Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Joint Space-Science Inst.
Weizmann Inst. of Science, Rehovot (Israel). Dept. of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Faculty of Physics
Uppsala Univ. (Sweden). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Division of Astronomy and Space Physics
National Tsing Hua Univ., Hsinchu (Taiwan). Inst. of Astronomy and Department of Physics
Stockholm Univ. (Sweden). Oskar Klein Centre
California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Infrared Processing and Analysis Center
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Astronomy
Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom). Cavendish Lab.
California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), La Canada Flintridge, CA (United States). Jet Propulsion Lab.

Calcium-rich gap transients represent an intriguing new class of faint and fast-evolving supernovae that exhibit strong [Ca II] emission in their nebular phase spectra. Here in this paper, we present the discovery and follow-up observations of a faint and fast-evolving transient, iPTF 16hgs, that exhibited a double-peaked light curve. Exhibiting a Type Ib spectrum in the photospheric phase and an early transition to a [Ca II] dominated nebular phase, iPTF 16hgs shows properties consistent with the class of Ca-rich gap transients, with two important exceptions. First, while the second peak of the light curve is similar to other Ca-rich gap transients, the first blue and fast-fading peak (declining over ≈2 days) is unique to this source. Second, we find that iPTF 16hgs occurred in the outskirts (projected offset of ≈6 kpc ≈ 1.9 R _eff) of a low-metallicity (≈0.4 Z _⊙), star-forming, dwarf spiral galaxy. Deep limits from late-time radio observations suggest a low-density environment for the source. If iPTF 16hgs shares explosion physics with the class of Ca-rich gap transients, the first peak can be explained by the presence of 0.01 M _⊙ of ⁵⁶Ni in the outer layers the ejecta, reminiscent of some models of He-shell detonations on WDs. However, if iPTF 16hgs is physically unrelated to the class, the first peak is consistent with shock cooling emission (of an envelope with a mass of ≈0.08 M _⊙ and radius of ≈13 R _⊙) in a core-collapse explosion of a highly stripped massive star in a close binary system.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1480818

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal (Online), Vol. 866, Issue 1; ISSN 1538-4357

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 27 works

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