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Title: KVOPO4: A New High Capacity Multielectron Na-Ion Battery Cathode

Journal Article · · Advanced Energy Materials

Abstract Sodium ion batteries have attracted much attention in recent years, due to the higher abundance and lower cost of sodium, as an alternative to lithium ion batteries. However, a major challenge is their lower energy density. In this work, we report a novel multi‐electron cathode material, KVOPO 4 , for sodium ion batteries. Due to the unique polyhedral framework, the V 3+ ↔ V 4+ ↔ V 5+ redox couple was for the first time fully activated by sodium ions in a vanadyl phosphate phase. The KVOPO 4 based cathode delivered reversible multiple sodium (i.e. maximum 1.66 Na + per formula unit) storage capability, which leads to a high specific capacity of 235 Ah kg −1 . Combining an average voltage of 2.56 V vs. Na/Na + , a high practical energy density of over 600 Wh kg −1 was achieved, the highest yet reported for any sodium cathode material. The cathode exhibits a very small volume change upon cycling (1.4% for 0.64 sodium and 8.0% for 1.66 sodium ions). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that the KVOPO 4 framework is a 3D ionic conductor with a reasonably, low Na + migration energy barrier of ≈450 meV, in line with the good rate capability obtained.

Research Organization:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-06CH11357
OSTI ID:
1480492
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1436544
Journal Information:
Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 21; ISSN 1614-6832
Publisher:
WileyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 39 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Metal–Organic Frameworks‐Derived Tunnel Structured Co 3 (PO 4 ) 2 @C as Cathode for New Generation High‐Performance Al‐Ion Batteries journal September 2019
Understanding Challenges of Cathode Materials for Sodium‐Ion Batteries using Synchrotron‐Based X‐Ray Absorption Spectroscopy journal July 2019
A Calcium Organic Salt/rGO composite with Low Solubility and High Conductivity as a Sustainable Anode for Sodium‐Ion Batteries journal July 2019
Emerging polyanionic and organic compounds for high energy density, non-aqueous potassium-ion batteries journal January 2020