Synthetic ozone deposition and stomatal uptake at flux tower sites

Ducker, Jason A.; Holmes, Christopher D.; Keenan, Trevor F.; Fares, Silvano; Goldstein, Allen H.; Mammarella, Ivan; Munger, J. William; Schnell, Jordan

doi:10.5194/bg-15-5395-2018

Title: Synthetic ozone deposition and stomatal uptake at flux tower sites

Journal Article · Thu Sep 06 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Biogeosciences (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5395-2018· OSTI ID:1478352

Ducker, Jason A. ^[1];

^[1]; Keenan, Trevor F. ^[2];

^[3];

^[4]; Mammarella, Ivan ^[5];

^[6]; Schnell, Jordan ^[7]

Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Council of Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Arezzo (Italy)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Univ. of Helsinki (Finland)
Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Princeton, NJ (United States). Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Lab.

Abstract. We develop and evaluate a method to estimate O₃ deposition and stomatal O₃ uptake across networks of eddy covariance flux tower sites where O₃ concentrations and O₃ fluxes have not been measured. The method combines standard micrometeorological flux measurements, which constrain O₃ deposition velocity and stomatal conductance, with a gridded dataset of observed surface O₃ concentrations. Measurement errors are propagated through all calculations to quantify O₃ flux uncertainties. We evaluate the method at three sites with O₃ flux measurements: Harvard Forest, Blodgett Forest, and Hyytiälä Forest. The method reproduces 83% or more of the variability in daily stomatal uptake at these sites with modest mean bias (21% or less). At least 95% of daily average values agree with measurements within a factor of 2 and, according to the error analysis, the residual differences from measured O₃ fluxes are consistent with the uncertainty in the underlying measurements.The product, called synthetic O₃ flux or SynFlux, includes 43 FLUXNET sites in the United States and 60 sites in Europe, totaling 926 site years of data. This dataset, which is now public, dramatically expands the number and types of sites where O₃ fluxes can be used for ecosystem impact studies and evaluation of air quality and climate models. Across these sites, the mean stomatal conductance and O₃ deposition velocity is 0.03–1.0cms^-1. The stomatal O₃ flux during the growing season (typically April–September) is 0.5–11.0nmol O₃m^-2s^-1 with a mean of 4.5nmol O₃m^-2s^-1 and the largest fluxes generally occur where stomatal conductance is high, rather than where O₃ concentrations are high. The conductance differences across sites can be explained by atmospheric humidity, soil moisture, vegetation type, irrigation, and land management. These stomatal fluxes suggest that ambient O₃ degrades biomass production and CO₂ sequestration by 20%–24% at crop sites, 6%–29% at deciduous broadleaf forests, and 4%–20% at evergreen needleleaf forests in the United States and Europe.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1478352

Journal Information:: Biogeosciences (Online), Vol. 15, Issue 17; ISSN 1726-4189

Publisher:: European Geosciences UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 16 works

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