Activated Carbons Derived from High-Temperature Pyrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass

Contescu, Cristian I.; Adhikari, Shiba P.; Gallego, Nidia C.; Evans, Neal D.; Biss, Bryan

doi:10.3390/c4030051

Title: Activated Carbons Derived from High-Temperature Pyrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass

Journal Article · Wed Sep 12 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · C

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/c4030051· OSTI ID:1474582

^[1];

^[1]; Evans, Neal D. ^[2]; Biss, Bryan ^[2]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Materials Science and Technology Division
Proton Power, Inc., Lenoir City, TN (United States)

Biomass pyrolysis to produce biofuel and hydrogen yields large amounts of charred byproducts with low commercial value. A study was conducted to evaluate their potential for being converted into higher value activated carbons by a low-cost process. Six chars derived from various lignocellulosic precursors were activated in CO₂ at 800 °C to 30–35% weight loss, and their surface area and porosity were characterized by nitrogen adsorption at 77 K. It was found that, in similar activation conditions, the surface area of the activated carbons correlates with the activation energy of the oxidation reaction by CO₂, which in turn varies inversely with the carbon yield after thermolysis in nitrogen at 1000 °C. Since lignin is the most thermally-stable component of lignocellulosic biomass, these results demonstrate, indirectly, that robust, lignin-rich vegetal precursors are to be preferred to produce higher quality activated carbons. The chars derived from white pine (pinus strobus) and chestnut oak (quercus prinus) were converted to activated carbons with the highest surface area (900–1100 m²/g) and largest mesopores volume (0.85–1.06 cm³/g). These activated carbons have properties similar to those of commercially-available activated carbons used successfully for removal of pollutants from aqueous solutions.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1474582

Journal Information:: C, Vol. 4, Issue 3; ISSN 2311-5629

Publisher:: MDPICopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Activated Carbons Derived from High-Temperature Pyrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass

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