skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: The Quality of the Embedding Potential Is Decisive for Minimal Quantum Region Size in Embedding Calculations: The Case of the Green Fluorescent Protein

Journal Article · · Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation

The calculation of spectral properties for photoactive proteins is challenging because of the large cost of electronic structure calculations on large systems. Mixed quantum mechanical (QM) and molecular mechanical (MM) methods are typically employed to make such calculations computationally tractable. This study addresses the connection between the minimal QM region size and the method used to model the MM region in the calculation of absorption properties—here exemplified for calculations on the green fluorescent protein. We find that polarizable embedding is necessary for a qualitatively correct description of the MM region, and that this enables the use of much smaller QM regions compared to fixed charge electrostatic embedding. Furthermore, absorption intensities converge very slowly with system size and inclusion of effective external field effects in the MM region through polarizabilities is therefore very important. Furthermore, this embedding scheme enables accurate prediction of intensities for systems that are too large to be treated fully quantum mechanically.

Research Organization:
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
Grant/Contract Number:
CF15-0823; AC02-76SF00515
OSTI ID:
1471082
Journal Information:
Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation, Vol. 13, Issue 12; ISSN 1549-9618
Publisher:
American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 23 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (41)

A combined quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical potential for molecular dynamics simulations journal July 1990
Hybrid Models for Combined Quantum Mechanical and Molecular Mechanical Approaches journal January 1996
Combined Quantum Mechanical/Molecular Mechanical Methodologies Applied to Biomolecular Systems journal October 1999
Towards Accurate Ab Initio QM/MM Calculations of Free-Energy Profiles of Enzymatic Reactions journal February 2006
QM/MM: what have we learned, where are we, and where do we go from here? journal July 2006
On the Convergence of QM/MM Energies journal February 2011
How Large Should the QM Region Be in QM/MM Calculations? The Case of Catechol O -Methyltransferase journal October 2016
Systematic Quantum Mechanical Region Determination in QM/MM Simulation journal January 2017
Electronic Absorption Spectra from MM and ab Initio QM/MM Molecular Dynamics: Environmental Effects on the Absorption Spectrum of Photoactive Yellow Protein journal September 2012
Convergence of environment polarization effects in multiscale modeling of excitation energies journal July 2014
Accuracy of Protein Embedding Potentials: An Analysis in Terms of Electrostatic Potentials journal March 2015
Convergence of Excitation Energies in Mixed Quantum and Classical Solvent: Comparison of Continuum and Point Charge Models journal November 2016
Convergence of Electronic Structure with the Size of the QM Region: Example of QM/MM NMR Shieldings journal June 2012
Convergence in the QM-only and QM/MM modeling of enzymatic reactions: A case study for acetylene hydratase journal July 2013
A QM/MM Approach Using the AMOEBA Polarizable Embedding: From Ground State Energies to Electronic Excitations journal July 2016
Accurate First Principles Model Potentials for Intermolecular Interactions journal April 2013
TINKTEP: A fully self-consistent, mutually polarizable QM/MM approach based on the AMOEBA force field journal September 2016
LICHEM: A QM/MM program for simulations with multipolar and polarizable force fields: A QM/MM Program for Simulations with Multipolar and Polarizable Force Fields journal January 2016
Chromophore–Protein Coupling beyond Nonpolarizable Models: Understanding Absorption in Green Fluorescent Protein journal September 2015
Extraction, Purification and Properties of Aequorin, a Bioluminescent Protein from the Luminous Hydromedusan,Aequorea journal June 1962
The Green Fluorescent Protein journal June 1998
Observation of Excited-State Proton Transfer in Green Fluorescent Protein using Ultrafast Vibrational Spectroscopy journal March 2005
A Second Generation Force Field for the Simulation of Proteins, Nucleic Acids, and Organic Molecules journal May 1995
Development and testing of a general amber force field journal January 2004
Flexible simple point-charge water model with improved liquid-state properties journal January 2006
A new hybrid exchange–correlation functional using the Coulomb-attenuating method (CAM-B3LYP) journal July 2004
The influence of polarization functions on molecular orbital hydrogenation energies journal January 1973
VMD: Visual molecular dynamics journal February 1996
Excited States in Solution through Polarizable Embedding journal October 2010
Excited states in large molecular systems through polarizable embedding journal January 2016
Local electric fields and molecular properties in heterogeneous environments through polarizable embedding journal January 2016
The Dalton quantum chemistry program system: The Dalton program
  • Aidas, Kestutis; Angeli, Celestino; Bak, Keld L.
  • Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Computational Molecular Science, Vol. 4, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/wcms.1172
journal September 2013
GEN1INT: A unified procedure for the evaluation of one-electron integrals over Gaussian basis functions and their geometric derivatives journal August 2010
Density‐functional thermochemistry. III. The role of exact exchange journal April 1993
Accurate spin-dependent electron liquid correlation energies for local spin density calculations: a critical analysis journal August 1980
FragIt: A Tool to Prepare Input Files for Fragment Based Quantum Chemical Calculations journal September 2012
Local properties of quantum chemical systems: The LoProp approach journal September 2004
A quantum-mechanical perspective on linear response theory within polarizable embedding journal June 2017
Computational Approach to Evaluation of Optical Properties of Membrane Probes journal January 2017
Analysis of computational models for an accurate study of electronic excitations in GFP journal January 2015
FragIt: A Tool to Prepare Input Files for Fragment Based Quantum Chemical Calculations text January 2012

Cited By (8)

Modeling absorption spectra of molecules in solution journal September 2018
Assessing Configurational Sampling in the Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Mechanics Calculation of Temoporfin Absorption Spectrum and Triplet Density of States journal November 2018
Revealing quantum mechanical effects in enzyme catalysis with large-scale electronic structure simulation journal January 2019
The key to the yellow-to-cyan tuning in the green fluorescent protein family is polarisation journal January 2019
Large-scale QM/MM free energy simulations of enzyme catalysis reveal the influence of charge transfer journal January 2018
Combining polarizable embedding with the Frenkel exciton model: applications to absorption spectra with overlapping solute–solvent bands journal March 2019
Do Better Quality Embedding Potentials Accelerate the Convergence of QM/MM Models? The Case of Solvated Acid Clusters journal September 2018
Response properties of embedded molecules through the polarizable embedding model journal September 2018