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Title: Atmospheric gas dynamics in the Perseus cluster observed with Hitomi*

Journal Article · · Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/psx138· OSTI ID:1458445
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  1. Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 31 Fitzwilliam Place, Dublin 2, Ireland; Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany; Gran Sasso Science Institute, viale Francesco Crispi, 7 67100 L’Aquila (AQ), Italy
  2. SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Sorbonnelaan 2, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands
  3. Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
  4. Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
  5. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
  6. Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, ch. d’Écogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
  7. Department of Physics, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
  8. Department of Physics and Oskar Klein Center, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
  9. Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for the Early Universe, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
  10. Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
  11. Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, 60 Garden St., MS-4. Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
  12. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
  13. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, 666 W. Hancock St, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
  14. Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
  15. Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 31 Fitzwilliam Place, Dublin 2, Ireland
  16. Department of Astronomy, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8101, USA; Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8120, USA
  17. Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy, Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
  18. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, 3-1-1 Yoshino-dai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
  19. Department of Astronomy, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan; The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
  20. Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
  21. Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HA, UK
  22. Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
  23. School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
  24. Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
  25. Physics Department, University of Miami, 1320 Campo Sano Dr., Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
  26. Department of Astronomy and Physics, Saint Mary’s University, 923 Robie Street, Halifax, NS, B3H 3C3, Canada
  27. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
  28. Laboratoire APC, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, 75013 Paris, France; CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
  29. European Space Research and Technology Center, Keplerlaan 1 2201 AZ Noordwijk, the Netherlands
  30. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aichi University of Education, 1 Hirosawa, Igaya-cho, Kariya, Aichi 448-8543, Japan
  31. Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
  32. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Department of Physics, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
  33. Department of Applied Physics and Electronic Engineering, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
  34. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, 3-1-1 Yoshino-dai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan; Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
  35. Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
  36. Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, 3-1-1 Yoshino-dai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
  37. Department of Earth and Space Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
  38. Department of Physics, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
  39. Department of Physics, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
  40. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, 136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
  41. Meisei University, 2-1-1 Hodokubo, Hino, Tokyo 191-8506, Japane
  42. SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Sorbonnelaan 2, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands; Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, PO Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands
  43. Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
  44. Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
  45. Department of Physics, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
  46. Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
  47. Department of Physics, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
  48. Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake-cho, Sakyo, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
  49. European Space Astronomy Center, Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n., 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
  50. Universities Space Research Association, 7178 Columbia Gateway Drive, Columbia, MD 21046, USA; National Science Foundation, 4201 Wilson Blvd, Arlington, VA 22230, USA
  51. Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
  52. Department of Astronomy, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
  53. CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
  54. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
  55. Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
  56. Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
  57. Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
  58. Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
  59. Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
  60. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
  61. Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, 1085 South University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
  62. Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
  63. School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan; Hiroshima Astrophysical Science Center, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
  64. Faculty of Liberal Arts, Tohoku Gakuin University, 2-1-1 Tenjinzawa, Izumi-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-3193, Japan
  65. Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
  66. Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, 1-4-12 Kojirakawa-machi, Yamagata, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan
  67. Department of Physics, Nara Women’s University, Kitauoyanishi-machi, Nara, Nara 630-8506, Japan
  68. Department of Teacher Training and School Education, Nara University of Education, Takabatake-cho, Nara, Nara 630-8528, Japan
  69. Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramakiazaaoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan; Astronomical Institute, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramakiazaaoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
  70. Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, 550 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA
  71. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
  72. Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
  73. Astronomical Observatory of Jagiellonian University, ul. Orla 171, 30-244 Kraków, Poland
  74. Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8120, USA
  75. RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
  76. Department of Physics, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama, 338-8570
  77. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, 3-1-1 Yoshino-dai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan; Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik, Giessenbachstrasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
  78. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Department of Physics, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA; Department of Physics, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy
  79. Faculty of Education, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
  80. Faculty of Health Sciences, Nihon Fukushi University, 26-2 Higashi Haemi-cho, Handa, Aichi 475-0012
  81. School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan; MTA-Eötvös University Lendület Hot Universe Research Group, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, Budapest, 1117, Hungary; Department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, 611 37, Czech Republic
  82. Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan; Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
+ Show Author Affiliations

Extending the earlier measurements reported in Hitomi collaboration (2016, Nature, 535, 117), we examine the atmospheric gas motions within the central 100 kpc of the Perseus cluster using observations obtained with the Hitomi satellite. After correcting for the point spread function of the telescope and using optically thin emission lines, we find that the line-of-sight velocity dispersion of the hot gas is remarkably low and mostly uniform. The velocity dispersion reaches maxima of approximately 200 km s-1 toward the central active galactic nucleus (AGN) and toward the AGN inflated north-western ‘ghost’ bubble. Elsewhere within the observed region, the velocity dispersion appears constant around 100 km s-1. We also detect a velocity gradient with a 100 km s-1 amplitude across the cluster core, consistent with large-scale sloshing of the core gas. If the observed gas motions are isotropic, the kinetic pressure support is less than 10%of the thermal pressure support in the cluster core. The well-resolved optically thin emission lines have Gaussian shapes, indicating that the turbulent driving scale is likely below 100 kpc, which is consistent with the size of the AGN jet inflated bubbles. We also report the first measurement of the ion temperature in the intracluster medium, which we find to be consistent with the electron temperature. In addition, we present a new measurement of the redshift to the brightest cluster galaxy NGC 1275.

Research Organization:
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Contributing Organization:
Hitomi Collaboration
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-76SF00515; JP15H00773; JP15H00785; JP15H02070; JP15H02090; JP15H03639; JP15H03641; JP15H03642; JP15H05438; JP15H06896; JP15J01845; JP15K05107; JP15K17610; JP15K17657; JP16H00949; JP16H03983; JP16H06342; JP16J02333; JP16K05295; JP16K05296; JP16K05300; JP16K05309; JP16K13787; JP16K17667; JP16K17672; JP16K17673; JP17H02864; JP17J07948; JP17K05393; JP21659292; JP23340055; JP23340071; JP23540280; JP24105007; JP24540232; JP25105516; JP25109004; JP25247028; JP25287042; JP25400236; JP25800119; JP26109506; JP26220703; JP26400228; JP26610047; JP26800102; NNX15AC76G; NNX15AE16G; NNX15AK71G; NNX15AU54G; NNX15AW94G; NNG15PP48P; ST/L00075X/1; 340442; ST/J003697/2; PF6-170160
OSTI ID:
1458445
Journal Information:
Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, Vol. 70, Issue 2; ISSN 0004-6264
Publisher:
Astronomical Society of JapanCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 77 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (13)

Constraining Gas Motions in the Intra-Cluster Medium journal February 2019
The exceptional X-ray evolution of SN 1996cr in high resolution journal October 2019
A Cool Core Disturbed: Observational Evidence for the Coexistence of Subsonic Sloshing Gas and Stripped Shock-heated Gas around the Core of RX J1347.5–1145 journal October 2018
The Impact of Radio AGN Bubble Composition on the Dynamics and Thermal Balance of the Intracluster Medium journal January 2019
Line-of-Sight Gas Sloshing in the Cool Core of Abell 907 journal February 2019
Imaging the Thermal and Kinematic Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Effect Signals in a Sample of 10 Massive Galaxy Clusters: Constraints on Internal Velocity Structures and Bulk Velocities journal July 2019
Testing Emergent Gravity with Optical, X-Ray, and Weak Lensing Measurements in Massive, Relaxed Galaxy Clusters journal August 2019
The X-Ray Halo Scaling Relations of Supermassive Black Holes journal October 2019
Effects of Anisotropic Viscosity on the Evolution of Active Galactic Nuclei Bubbles in Galaxy Clusters journal September 2019
Direct Detection of Black Hole-driven Turbulence in the Centers of Galaxy Clusters journal January 2020
Cool core disturbed: Observational evidence for coexistence of sub-sonic sloshing gas and stripped shock-heated gas around the core of RX J1347.5-1145 text January 2018
Line-of-sight gas sloshing in the cool core of Abell 907 text January 2018
Constraining Gas Motions in the Intra-Cluster Medium text January 2019

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79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS