Transgenic Perturbation of the Decarboxylation Phase of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism Alters Physiology and Metabolism But Has Only a Small Effect on Growth

Dever, Louisa V.; Boxall, Susanna F.; Knerova, Jana; Hartwell, James

doi:10.1104/pp.114.251827

Title: Transgenic Perturbation of the Decarboxylation Phase of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism Alters Physiology and Metabolism But Has Only a Small Effect on Growth

Journal Article · Wed Nov 05 00:00:00 EST 2014 · Plant Physiology (Bethesda)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.114.251827· OSTI ID:1455174

Dever, Louisa V. ^[1]; Boxall, Susanna F. ^[1]; Knerova, Jana ^[2];

^[1]

Univ. of Liverpool, Liverpool (United Kingdom)
Univ. of Liverpool, Liverpool (United Kingdom); Univ. of Cambridge, Cambridge (United Kingdom)

Here, mitochondrial NAD-malic enzyme (ME) and/or cytosolic/plastidic NADP-ME combined with the cytosolic/plastidic pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK) catalyze two key steps during light-period malate decarboxylation that underpin secondary CO₂ fixation in some Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) species. We report the generation and phenotypic characterization of transgenic RNA interference lines of the obligate CAM species Kalanchoë fedtschenkoi with reduced activities of NAD-ME or PPDK. Transgenic line rNAD-ME1 had 8%, and rPPDK1 had 5% of the wild-type level of activity, and showed dramatic changes in the light/dark cycle of CAM CO₂ fixation. In well-watered conditions, these lines fixed all of their CO₂ in the light; they thus performed C₃ photosynthesis. The alternative malate decarboxylase, NADP-ME, did not appear to compensate for the reduction in NAD-ME, suggesting that NAD-ME was the key decarboxylase for CAM. The activity of other CAM enzymes was reduced as a consequence of knocking out either NAD-ME or PPDK activity, particularly phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PPC) and PPDK in rNAD-ME1. Furthermore, the circadian clock-controlled phosphorylation of PPC in the dark was reduced in both lines, especially in rNAD-ME1. This had the consequence that circadian rhythms of PPC phosphorylation, PPC kinase transcript levels and activity, and the classic circadian rhythm of CAM CO₂ fixation were lost, or dampened toward arrhythmia, under constant light and temperature conditions. Surprisingly, oscillations in the transcript abundance of core circadian clock genes also became arrhythmic in the rNAD-ME1 line, suggesting that perturbing CAM in K. fedtschenkoi feeds back to perturb the central circadian clock.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Nevada, Reno, NV (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0008834

OSTI ID:: 1455174

Journal Information:: Plant Physiology (Bethesda), Vol. 167, Issue 1; ISSN 0032-0889

Publisher:: American Society of Plant BiologistsCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 53 works

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