Dynamic scaling for the growth of non-equilibrium fluctuations during thermophoretic diffusion in microgravity

Cerbino, Roberto; Sun, Yifei; Donev, Aleksandar; Vailati, Alberto

doi:10.1038/srep14486

Title: Dynamic scaling for the growth of non-equilibrium fluctuations during thermophoretic diffusion in microgravity

Journal Article · Wed Sep 30 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Scientific Reports

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/srep14486· OSTI ID:1441145

Cerbino, Roberto ^[1]; Sun, Yifei ^[2]; Donev, Aleksandar ^[2]; Vailati, Alberto ^[3]

Univ. degli Studi di Milano (Italy). Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale
New York Univ., New York, NY (United States). Courant Inst. of Mathematical Sciences
Univ. degli Studi di Milano (Italy). Dipartimento di Fisica

Diffusion processes are widespread in biological and chemical systems, where they play a fundamental role in the exchange of substances at the cellular level and in determining the rate of chemical reactions. Recently, the classical picture that portrays diffusion as random uncorrelated motion of molecules has been revised, when it was shown that giant non-equilibrium fluctuations develop during diffusion processes. Under microgravity conditions and at steady-state, non-equilibrium fluctuations exhibit scale invariance and their size is only limited by the boundaries of the system. Here in this work, we investigate the onset of non-equilibrium concentration fluctuations induced by thermophoretic diffusion in microgravity, a regime not accessible to analytical calculations but of great relevance for the understanding of several natural and technological processes. A combination of state of the art simulations and experiments allows us to attain a fully quantitative description of the development of fluctuations during transient diffusion in microgravity. Both experiments and simulations show that during the onset the fluctuations exhibit scale invariance at large wave vectors. In a broader range of wave vectors simulations predict a spinodal-like growth of fluctuations, where the amplitude and length-scale of the dominant mode are determined by the thickness of the diffuse layer.

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Research Organization:: New York Univ. (NYU), NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0008271

OSTI ID:: 1441145

Journal Information:: Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1; ISSN 2045-2322

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 28 works

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European Space Agency experiments on thermodiffusion of fluid mixtures in space Braibanti, M.; Artola, P. -A.; Baaske, P. The European Physical Journal E, Vol. 42, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2019-11849-0	journal	July 2019
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Title: Dynamic scaling for the growth of non-equilibrium fluctuations during thermophoretic diffusion in microgravity

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