D2 and D-T Liquid-Layer Target Shots at the National Ignition Facility
Abstract
Experiments at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) using targets containing a deuterium-tritium (D-T) fuel layer have, until recently, required that a high-quality layer of solid D-T (herein referred to as an ice layer) be formed in the capsule. The development of a process to line the inner surface of a target capsule with a foam layer of a thickness that is typical of ice layers has resulted in the ability to field targets with liquid layers wetting the foam. Successful fielding of liquid-layer targets on NIF required not only a foam-lined capsule but also changes to the capsule filling process and the manner with which the inventory is maintained in the capsule. Additionally, changes to target heater power and the temperature drops across target components were required in order to achieve the desired range of shot temperatures. Finally, these changes and the target’s performance during four target shots on NIF are discussed.
- Authors:
-
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States); Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1438648
- Report Number(s):
- LLNL-JRNL-747754
Journal ID: ISSN 1536-1055; TRN: US1900475
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC52-07NA27344; AC52-06NA27279; AC52-06NA25396
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Fusion Science and Technology
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 73; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 1536-1055
- Publisher:
- American Nuclear Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 42 ENGINEERING; 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; National Ignition Facility; target design; cryogenic D2/D-T liquid layer
Citation Formats
Walters, Curtis, Alger, Ethan, Bhandarkar, Suhas, Boehm, Kurt, Braun, Tom, Espinosaloza, Francisco, Haid, Benjamin, Heredia, Ricardo, Kline, John, Kozioziemski, Bernard, Kroll, Jeremy, Malone, Daniel, Nikroo, Abbas, Opsahl, Patrick, Sater, James, and Zylstra, Alex. D2 and D-T Liquid-Layer Target Shots at the National Ignition Facility. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1080/15361055.2017.1397488.
Walters, Curtis, Alger, Ethan, Bhandarkar, Suhas, Boehm, Kurt, Braun, Tom, Espinosaloza, Francisco, Haid, Benjamin, Heredia, Ricardo, Kline, John, Kozioziemski, Bernard, Kroll, Jeremy, Malone, Daniel, Nikroo, Abbas, Opsahl, Patrick, Sater, James, & Zylstra, Alex. D2 and D-T Liquid-Layer Target Shots at the National Ignition Facility. United States. https://doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2017.1397488
Walters, Curtis, Alger, Ethan, Bhandarkar, Suhas, Boehm, Kurt, Braun, Tom, Espinosaloza, Francisco, Haid, Benjamin, Heredia, Ricardo, Kline, John, Kozioziemski, Bernard, Kroll, Jeremy, Malone, Daniel, Nikroo, Abbas, Opsahl, Patrick, Sater, James, and Zylstra, Alex. 2018.
"D2 and D-T Liquid-Layer Target Shots at the National Ignition Facility". United States. https://doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2017.1397488. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1438648.
@article{osti_1438648,
title = {D2 and D-T Liquid-Layer Target Shots at the National Ignition Facility},
author = {Walters, Curtis and Alger, Ethan and Bhandarkar, Suhas and Boehm, Kurt and Braun, Tom and Espinosaloza, Francisco and Haid, Benjamin and Heredia, Ricardo and Kline, John and Kozioziemski, Bernard and Kroll, Jeremy and Malone, Daniel and Nikroo, Abbas and Opsahl, Patrick and Sater, James and Zylstra, Alex},
abstractNote = {Experiments at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) using targets containing a deuterium-tritium (D-T) fuel layer have, until recently, required that a high-quality layer of solid D-T (herein referred to as an ice layer) be formed in the capsule. The development of a process to line the inner surface of a target capsule with a foam layer of a thickness that is typical of ice layers has resulted in the ability to field targets with liquid layers wetting the foam. Successful fielding of liquid-layer targets on NIF required not only a foam-lined capsule but also changes to the capsule filling process and the manner with which the inventory is maintained in the capsule. Additionally, changes to target heater power and the temperature drops across target components were required in order to achieve the desired range of shot temperatures. Finally, these changes and the target’s performance during four target shots on NIF are discussed.},
doi = {10.1080/15361055.2017.1397488},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1438648},
journal = {Fusion Science and Technology},
issn = {1536-1055},
number = 3,
volume = 73,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jan 19 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Fri Jan 19 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}
Web of Science
Figures / Tables:
Works referenced in this record:
First implosion experiments with cryogenic thermonuclear fuel on the National Ignition Facility
journal, March 2012
- Glenzer, Siegfried H.; Spears, Brian K.; Edwards, M. John
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 54, Issue 4
Cryogenic Target System for Hydrogen Layering
journal, February 2016
- Parham, T.; Kozioziemski, B.; Atkinson, D.
- Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 69, Issue 1
A new approach to foam-lined indirect-drive NIF ignition targets
journal, April 2012
- Biener, J.; Dawedeit, C.; Kim, S. H.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 52, Issue 6
Radioactively induced sublimation in solid tritium
journal, March 1988
- Hoffer, James K.; Foreman, Larry R.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 60, Issue 13
Effects of self-heating and phase change on the thermal profile of hydrogen isotopes in confined geometries
journal, March 2014
- Baxamusa, S.; Field, J.; Dylla-Spears, R.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 115, Issue 12
First Liquid Layer Inertial Confinement Fusion Implosions at the National Ignition Facility
journal, December 2016
- Olson, R. E.; Leeper, R. J.; Kline, J. L.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 117, Issue 24
Deuterium-Tritium Fuel Layer Formation for the National Ignition Facility
journal, January 2011
- Kozioziemski, B. J.; Mapoles, E. R.; Sater, J. D.
- Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 59, Issue 1
Works referencing / citing this record:
Variable convergence liquid layer implosions on the National Ignition Facility
journal, May 2018
- Zylstra, A. B.; Yi, S. A.; Haines, B. M.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 5
Robustness to hydrodynamic instabilities in indirectly driven layered capsule implosions
journal, January 2019
- Haines, Brian M.; Olson, R. E.; Sweet, W.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 1