Occupant behavior models: A critical review of implementation and representation approaches in building performance simulation programs

Hong, Tianzhen; Chen, Yixing; Belafi, Zsofia; D'Oca, Simona

doi:10.1007/s12273-017-0396-6

Title: Occupant behavior models: A critical review of implementation and representation approaches in building performance simulation programs

Journal Article · Thu Jul 27 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Building Simulation

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12273-017-0396-6· OSTI ID:1436665

Hong, Tianzhen ^[1]; Chen, Yixing ^[1]; Belafi, Zsofia ^[2]; D'Oca, Simona ^[1]

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Building Technology and Urban Systems Division
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Building Technology and Urban Systems Division; Budapest Univ. of Technology and Economics (Hungary). School of Architecture

Occupant behavior (OB) in buildings is a leading factor influencing energy use in buildings. Quantifying this influence requires the integration of OB models with building performance simulation (BPS). This study reviews approaches to representing and implementing OB models in today’s popular BPS programs, and discusses weaknesses and strengths of these approaches and key issues in integrating of OB models with BPS programs. Two of the key findings are: (1) a common data model is needed to standardize the representation of OB models, enabling their flexibility and exchange among BPS programs and user applications; the data model can be implemented using a standard syntax (e.g., in the form of XML schema), and (2) a modular software implementation of OB models, such as functional mock-up units for co-simulation, adopting the common data model, has advantages in providing a robust and interoperable integration with multiple BPS programs. Such common OB model representation and implementation approaches help standardize the input structures of OB models, enable collaborative development of a shared library of OB models, and allow for rapid and widespread integration of OB models with BPS programs to improve the simulation of occupant behavior and quantification of their impact on building performance.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Energy Efficiency Office. Building Technologies Office; Clean Energy Research Center (CERC). Building Energy Efficiency (BEE); IEA EBC Annex 66

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1436665

Journal Information:: Building Simulation, Vol. 11, Issue 1; ISSN 1996-3599

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 74 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (37)

Coupled simulations for naturally ventilated rooms between building simulation (BS) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for better prediction of indoor thermal environment Wang, Liping; Wong, Nyuk Hien Building and Environment, Vol. 44, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.01.015	journal	January 2009
Performance evaluation of an agent-based occupancy simulation model Luo, Xuan; Lam, Khee Poh; Chen, Yixing Building and Environment, Vol. 115 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.01.015	journal	April 2017
EnergyPlus and CHAMPS-Multizone co-simulation for energy and indoor air quality analysis Chen, Yixing; Gu, Lixing; Zhang, Jianshun Building Simulation, Vol. 8, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12273-015-0211-1	journal	January 2015
Verification of stochastic models of window opening behaviour for residential buildings Schweiker, Marcel; Haldi, Frédéric; Shukuya, Masanori Journal of Building Performance Simulation, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/19401493.2011.567422	journal	January 2012
Effect of thermostat and window opening occupant behavior models on energy use in homes D’Oca, Simona; Fabi, Valentina; Corgnati, Stefano P. Building Simulation, Vol. 7, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12273-014-0191-6	journal	July 2014
Co-simulation of building energy and control systems with the Building Controls Virtual Test Bed Wetter, Michael Journal of Building Performance Simulation, Vol. 4, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1080/19401493.2010.518631	journal	September 2011
Coupling stochastic occupant models to building performance simulation using the discrete event system specification formalism Gunay, H. Burak; O'Brien, William; Beausoleil-Morrison, Ian Journal of Building Performance Simulation, Vol. 7, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1080/19401493.2013.866695	journal	December 2013
Dynamic predictive clothing insulation models based on outdoor air and indoor operative temperatures Schiavon, Stefano; Lee, Kwang Ho Building and Environment, Vol. 59 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.08.024	journal	January 2013
Advances in research and applications of energy-related occupant behavior in buildings Hong, Tianzhen; Taylor-Lange, Sarah C.; D’Oca, Simona Energy and Buildings, Vol. 116 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.11.052	journal	March 2016
Coupled simulations for naturally ventilated residential buildings Wang, Liping; Wong, Nyuk Hien Automation in Construction, Vol. 17, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2007.06.004	journal	May 2008
The contextual factors contributing to occupants' adaptive comfort behaviors in offices – A review and proposed modeling framework O'Brien, William; Gunay, H. Burak Building and Environment, Vol. 77 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.03.024	journal	July 2014
An XML-based schema for stochastic programs Fourer, R.; Gassmann, H. I.; Ma, J. Annals of Operations Research, Vol. 166, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-008-0419-x	journal	October 2008
An occupant behavior modeling tool for co-simulation Hong, Tianzhen; Sun, Hongsan; Chen, Yixing Energy and Buildings, Vol. 117 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.10.033	journal	April 2016
A novel approach for building occupancy simulation Wang, Chuang; Yan, Da; Jiang, Yi Building Simulation, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12273-011-0044-5	journal	June 2011
Occupant behaviour and robustness of building design Buso, Tiziana; Fabi, Valentina; Andersen, Rune K. Building and Environment, Vol. 94 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.11.003	journal	December 2015
A critical review of observation studies, modeling, and simulation of adaptive occupant behaviors in offices Gunay, H. Burak; O'Brien, William; Beausoleil-Morrison, Ian Building and Environment, Vol. 70 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.07.020	journal	December 2013
Occupants' window opening behaviour: A literature review of factors influencing occupant behaviour and models Fabi, Valentina; Andersen, Rune Vinther; Corgnati, Stefano Building and Environment, Vol. 58 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.07.009	journal	December 2012
Simulation of occupancy in buildings Feng, Xiaohang; Yan, Da; Hong, Tianzhen Energy and Buildings, Vol. 87 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.11.067	journal	January 2015
Simulating multiple occupant behaviors in buildings: An agent-based modeling approach Lee, Yoon Soo; Malkawi, Ali M. Energy and Buildings, Vol. 69 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.11.020	journal	February 2014
Air-conditioning usage conditional probability model for residential buildings Ren, Xiaoxin; Yan, Da; Wang, Chuang Building and Environment, Vol. 81 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.06.022	journal	November 2014
Application of integrating multi-zone model with CFD simulation to natural ventilation prediction Tan, Gang; Glicksman, Leon R. Energy and Buildings, Vol. 37, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2004.12.009	journal	October 2005
The use of artificial lighting in relation to daylight levels and occupancy Hunt, D. R. G. Building and Environment, Vol. 14, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-1323(79)90025-8	journal	January 1979
Window opening behaviour modelled from measurements in Danish dwellings Andersen, Rune; Fabi, Valentina; Toftum, Jorn Building and Environment, Vol. 69 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.07.005	journal	November 2013
DeST — An integrated building simulation toolkit Part I: Fundamentals Yan, Da; Xia, Jianjun; Tang, Waiyin Building Simulation, Vol. 1, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12273-008-8118-8	journal	June 2008
Functional mock-up unit for co-simulation import in EnergyPlus Nouidui, Thierry; Wetter, Michael; Zuo, Wangda Journal of Building Performance Simulation, Vol. 7, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1080/19401493.2013.808265	journal	June 2013
Simulating the human-building interaction: Development and validation of an agent-based model of office occupant behaviors Langevin, Jared; Wen, Jin; Gurian, Patrick L. Building and Environment, Vol. 88 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.11.037	journal	June 2015
The daylighting dashboard – A simulation-based design analysis for daylit spaces Reinhart, Christoph F.; Wienold, Jan Building and Environment, Vol. 46, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.08.001	journal	February 2011
Implementation and comparison of existing occupant behaviour models in EnergyPlus Gunay, H. Burak; O'Brien, William; Beausoleil-Morrison, Ian Journal of Building Performance Simulation, Vol. 9, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1080/19401493.2015.1102969	journal	November 2015
Lightswitch-2002: a model for manual and automated control of electric lighting and blinds Reinhart, Christoph F. Solar Energy, Vol. 77, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2004.04.003	journal	January 2004
An ontology to represent energy-related occupant behavior in buildings. Part II: Implementation of the DNAS framework using an XML schema Hong, Tianzhen; D'Oca, Simona; Taylor-Lange, Sarah C. Building and Environment, Vol. 94 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.08.006	journal	December 2015
Occupant behavior modeling for building performance simulation: Current state and future challenges Yan, Da; O’Brien, William; Hong, Tianzhen Energy and Buildings, Vol. 107 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.08.032	journal	November 2015
Demonstration of the new ESP-r and TRNSYS co-simulator for modelling solar buildings Beausoleil-Morrison, Ian; Kummert, Michaël; Macdonald, Francesca Energy Procedia, Vol. 30 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.11.060	journal	January 2012
A generalized probabilistic formula relating occupant behavior to environmental conditions Wang, Chuang; Yan, Da; Sun, Hongsan Building and Environment, Vol. 95 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.09.004	journal	January 2016
An ontology to represent energy-related occupant behavior in buildings. Part I: Introduction to the DNAs framework Hong, Tianzhen; D'Oca, Simona; Turner, William J. N. Building and Environment, Vol. 92 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.02.019	journal	October 2015
IISABRE: An integrated building simulation environment Hong, Tianzhen; Zhang, Jinqian; Jiang, Yi Building and Environment, Vol. 32, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-1323(96)00057-1	journal	May 1997
Coupling of dynamic building simulation with stochastic modelling of occupant behaviour in offices – a review-based integrated methodology Parys, Wout; Saelens, Dirk; Hens, Hugo Journal of Building Performance Simulation, Vol. 4, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1080/19401493.2010.524711	journal	December 2011
Lightswitch-2002: a model for manual and automated control of electric lighting and blinds Reinhart, C. Solar Energy https://doi.org/10.1016/s0038-092x(04)00070-2	journal	May 2004

Cited By (4)

Data-driven simulation for energy consumption estimation in a smart home Adams, Stephen; Greenspan, Steven; Velez-Rojas, Maria Environment Systems and Decisions, Vol. 39, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10669-019-09727-1	journal	April 2019
A library of building occupant behaviour models represented in a standardised schema Deme Belafi, Zsofia; Hong, Tianzhen; Reith, Andras Energy Efficiency, Vol. 12, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12053-018-9658-0	journal	April 2018
Improving occupant-related features in building performance simulation tools Ouf, Mohamed M.; O’Brien, William; Gunay, H. Burak Building Simulation, Vol. 11, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12273-018-0443-y	journal	April 2018
More Buildings Make More Generalizable Models—Benchmarking Prediction Methods on Open Electrical Meter Data Miller, Clayton Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction, Vol. 1, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.3390/make1030056	journal	August 2019

Similar Records

A library of building occupant behaviour models represented in a standardised schema

Journal Article · Sat Apr 14 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Energy Efficiency · OSTI ID:1436665

Deme Belafi, Zsofia; Hong, Tianzhen; Reith, Andras

Occupant Behavior XML Schema

Software · Tue Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 2015 · OSTI ID:1436665

Hong, Tianzhen; Chen, Yixing; Taylor-Lange, Sarah

A technical framework to describe occupant behavior for building energy simulations

Conference · Fri Dec 20 00:00:00 EST 2013 · OSTI ID:1436665

Turner, William; Hong, Tianzhen

Related Subjects

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING
occupant behavior
data model
behavior modeling
building performance simulation
co-simulation

Title: Occupant behavior models: A critical review of implementation and representation approaches in building performance simulation programs

Citation Formats

References (37)

Cited By (4)

Similar Records

Related Subjects