Does vapor pressure deficit drive the seasonality of δ 13 C of the net land-atmosphere CO 2 exchange across the United States?: The Influence of VPD on δ 13 C of NEE

Raczka, B.; Biraud, S. C.; Ehleringer, J. R.; Lai, C. -T.; Miller, J. B.; Pataki, D. E.; Saleska, S. R.; Torn, M. S.; Vaughn, B. H.; Wehr, R.; Bowling, D. R.

doi:10.1002/2017JG003795

Title: Does vapor pressure deficit drive the seasonality of δ ¹³ C of the net land-atmosphere CO ₂ exchange across the United States?: The Influence of VPD on δ ¹³ C of NEE

Journal Article · Thu Aug 10 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JG003795· OSTI ID:1425448

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Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego California USA
Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States)
Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)

The seasonal pattern of the carbon isotope content (δ¹³C) of atmospheric CO₂ depends on local and nonlocal land-atmosphere exchange and atmospheric transport. Previous studies suggested that the δ¹³C of the net land-atmosphere CO₂ flux (δ_source) varies seasonally as stomatal conductance of plants responds to vapor pressure deficit of air (VPD). We studied the variation of δ_source at seven sites across the United States representing forests, grasslands, and an urban center. Using a two-part mixing model, we calculated the seasonal δ_source for each site after removing background influence and, when possible, removing δ¹³C variation of nonlocal sources. Compared to previous analyses, we found a reduced seasonal (March–September) variation in δ_source at the forest sites (0.5‰ variation). We did not find a consistent seasonal relationship between VPD and δ_source across forest (or other) sites, providing evidence that stomatal response to VPD was not the cause of the global, coherent seasonal pattern in δ_source. In contrast to the forest sites, grassland and urban sites had a larger seasonal variation in δ_source(5‰) dominated by seasonal transitions in C3/C4 grass productivity and in fossil fuel emissions, respectively. Our findings were sensitive to the location used to account for atmospheric background variation within the mixing model method that determined δ_source. Special consideration should be given to background location depending on whether the intent is to understand site level dynamics or regional scale impacts of land-atmosphere exchange. The seasonal amplitude in δ¹³C of land-atmosphere CO₂ exchange (δ_source) varied across land cover types and was not driven by seasonal changes in vapor pressure deficit. The largest seasonal amplitudes of δ_source were at grassland and urban sites, driven by changes in C3/C4 grass productivity and fossil fuel emissions, respectively. Mixing model approaches may incorrectly calculate δ_source when background atmospheric observations are remote and/or prone to anthropogenic influence.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Earth and Environmental Systems Science Division

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0010625; AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1425448

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1374675; OSTI ID: 1476521

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences, Vol. 122, Issue 8; ISSN 2169-8953

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 3 works

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