ELM mitigation with pellet ELM triggering and implications for PFCs and plasma performance in ITER

Baylor, Larry; Lang, P.; Allen, S. L.; Lasnier, C. J.; Meitner, Steven; Combs, Stephen Kirk; Commaux, Nicolas JC; Loarte, A.; Jernigan, Thomas C.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.09.070

Title: ELM mitigation with pellet ELM triggering and implications for PFCs and plasma performance in ITER

Conference · Sat Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 2015

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.09.070· OSTI ID:1424505

^[1]; Lang, P. ^[2]; Allen, S. L. ^[3]; Lasnier, C. J. ^[3];

^[1];

^[1]; Commaux, Nicolas JC ^[1]; Loarte, A. ^[4]; Jernigan, Thomas C. ^[1]

ORNL
UK Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA)
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL)
ITER Organization, Cadarache, France

The triggering of rapid small edge localized modes (ELMs) by high frequency pellet injection has been proposed as a method to prevent large naturally occurring ELMs that can erode the ITER plasma facing components (PFCs). Deuterium pellet injection has been used to successfully demonstrate the on-demand triggering of edge localized modes (ELMs) at much higher rates and with much smaller intensity than natural ELMs. The proposed hypothesis for the triggering mechanism of ELMs by pellets is the local pressure perturbation resulting from reheating of the pellet cloud that can exceed the local high-n ballooning mode threshold where the pellet is injected. Nonlinear MHD simulations of the pellet ELM triggering show destabilization of high-n ballooning modes by such a local pressure perturbation.A review of the recent pellet ELM triggering results from ASDEX Upgrade (AUG), DIII-D, and JET reveals that a number of uncertainties about this ELM mitigation technique still remain. These include the heat flux impact pattern on the divertor and wall from pellet triggered and natural ELMs, the necessary pellet size and injection location to reliably trigger ELMs, and the level of fueling to be expected from ELM triggering pellets and synergy with larger fueling pellets. The implications of these issues for pellet ELM mitigation in ITER and its impact on the PFCs are presented along with the design features of the pellet injection system for ITER.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

DOE Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1424505

Resource Relation:: Journal Volume: 463; Conference: 21st International Conference on Plasma Surface Interactions in Controlled Fusion Devices (PSI 2014) - Kanazawa, , Japan - 5/26/2014 12:00:00 PM-5/30/2014 12:00:00 PM

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (17)

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