r-process nucleosynthesis from matter ejected in binary neutron star mergers [On r-process nucleosynthesis from matter ejected in binary neutron star mergers]

Bovard, Luke; Martin, Dirk; Guercilena, Federico; Arcones, Almudena; Rezzolla, Luciano; Korobkin, Oleg

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.96.124005

Title: $r$ -process nucleosynthesis from matter ejected in binary neutron star mergers [On $r$ -process nucleosynthesis from matter ejected in binary neutron star mergers]

Journal Article · Tue Dec 05 00:00:00 EST 2017 · Physical Review D

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.96.124005· OSTI ID:1415425

Bovard, Luke ^[1]; Martin, Dirk ^[2]; Guercilena, Federico ^[1]; Arcones, Almudena ^[2]; Rezzolla, Luciano ^[3];

^[4]

Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Univ., Frankfurt (Germany)
Technische Univ. Darmstadt, Darmstadt (Germany); GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt (Germany)
Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Univ., Frankfurt (Germany); Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Frankfurt (Germany)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Here, when binary systems of neutron stars merge, a very small fraction of their rest mass is ejected, either dynamically or secularly. This material is neutron-rich and its nucleosynthesis provides the astrophysical site for the production of heavy elements in the Universe, together with a kilonova signal confirming neutron-star mergers as the origin of short gamma-ray bursts. We perform full general-relativistic simulations of binary neutron-star mergers employing three different nuclear-physics equations of state (EOSs), considering both equal- and unequal-mass configurations, and adopting a leakage scheme to account for neutrino radiative losses. Using a combination of techniques, we carry out an extensive and systematic study of the hydrodynamical, thermodynamical, and geometrical properties of the matter ejected dynamically, employing the WinNet nuclear-reaction network to recover the relative abundances of heavy elements produced by each configurations. Among the results obtained, three are particularly important. First, we find that, within the sample considered here, both the properties of the dynamical ejecta and the nucleosynthesis yields are robust against variations of the EOS and masses. Second, using a conservative but robust criterion for unbound matter, we find that the amount of ejected mass is ≲10^–3 M⊙, hence at least one order of magnitude smaller than what normally assumed in modelling kilonova signals. Finally, using a simplified and gray-opacity model we assess the observability of the infrared kilonova emission finding, that for all binaries the luminosity peaks around ~1/2 day in the H-band, reaching a maximum magnitude of –13, and decreasing rapidly after one day.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396; VH-NG-825

OSTI ID:: 1415425

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1411272

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-17-29073; PRVDAQ; TRN: US1800818

Journal Information:: Physical Review D, Vol. 96, Issue 12; ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 118 works

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Neutron Star Mergers Might Not Be the Only Source of r -process Elements in the Milky Way Côté, Benoit; Eichler, Marius; Arcones, Almudena The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 875, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab10db	journal	April 2019
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Scattered Short Gamma-Ray Bursts as Electromagnetic Counterparts to Gravitational Waves and Implications of GW170817 and GRB 170817A Kisaka, Shota; Ioka, Kunihito; Kashiyama, Kazumi arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1711.00243	text	January 2017
Using gravitational-wave observations and quasi-universal relations to constrain the maximum mass of neutron stars Rezzolla, Luciano; Most, Elias R.; Weih, Lukas R. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1711.00314	text	January 2017
A magnetar origin for the kilonova ejecta in GW170817 Metzger, Brian D.; Thompson, Todd A.; Quataert, Eliot arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1801.04286	text	January 2018
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Binary Neutron Star Mergers: Mass Ejection, Electromagnetic Counterparts and Nucleosynthesis Radice, David; Perego, Albino; Hotokezaka, Kenta arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1809.11161	text	January 2018
Magnetically inspired explosive outflows from neutron-star mergers Nathanail, Antonios; Porth, Oliver; Rezzolla, Luciano arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1812.04526	text	January 2018
A General-relativistic Determination of the Threshold Mass to Prompt Collapse in Binary Neutron Star Mergers Köppel, Sven; Bovard, Luke; Rezzolla, Luciano arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1901.09977	text	January 2019
From the microscopic to the macroscopic world: from nucleons to neutron stars Gandolfi, S.; Lippuner, J.; Steiner, A. W. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1903.06730	text	January 2019
${\it Ab~initio}$ constraints on thermal effects of the nuclear equation of state Carbone, Arianna; Schwenk, Achim arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1904.00924	text	January 2019
Impact of high spins on the ejection of mass in GW170817 Most, Elias R.; Papenfort, L. Jens; Tsokaros, Antonios arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1904.04220	text	January 2019
Full Transport Model of GW170817-Like Disk Produces a Blue Kilonova Miller, Jonah M.; Ryan, Benjamin R.; Dolence, Joshua C. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1905.07477	text	January 2019
Neutron star binary orbits in their host potential: effect on early r-process enrichment Bonetti, Matteo; Perego, Albino; Dotti, Massimo arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1905.12016	text	January 2019
Beyond second-order convergence in simulations of magnetised binary neutron stars with realistic microphysics Most, Elias R.; Papenfort, L. Jens; Rezzolla, Luciano arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1907.10328	text	January 2019
Diversity of kilonova light curves Kawaguchi, Kyohei; Shibata, Masaru; Tanaka, Masaomi arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1908.05815	text	January 2019
r-Process enrichment in the Galactic halo characterized by nucleosynthesis variation in the ejecta of coalescing neutron star binaries Tsujimoto, Takuji; Nishimura, Nobuya; Kyutoku, Koutarou arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1912.11065	text	January 2019

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Title: $r$ -process nucleosynthesis from matter ejected in binary neutron star mergers [On $r$ -process nucleosynthesis from matter ejected in binary neutron star mergers]