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Title: Major results from the first plasma campaign of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator

Journal Article · · Nuclear Fusion
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After completing the main construction phase of Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) and successfully commissioning the device, first plasma operation started at the end of 2015. Integral commissioning of plasma start-up and operation using electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) and an extensive set of plasma diagnostics have been completed, allowing initial physics studies during the first operational campaign. Both in helium and hydrogen, plasma breakdown was easily achieved. Gaining experience with plasma vessel conditioning, discharge lengths could be extended gradually. Eventually, discharges lasted up to 6 s, reaching an injected energy of 4 MJ, which is twice the limit originally agreed for the limiter configuration employed during the first operational campaign. At power levels of 4 MW central electron densities reached 3×1019 m-3, central electron temperatures reached values of 7 keV and ion temperatures reached just above 2 keV. Important physics studies during this first operational phase include a first assessment of power balance and energy confinement, ECRH power deposition experiments, 2nd harmonic O-mode ECRH using multi-pass absorption, and current drive experiments using electron cyclotron current drive. As in many plasma discharges the electron temperature exceeds the ion temperature significantly, these plasmas are governed by core electron root confinement showing a strong positive electric field in the plasma centre.

Research Organization:
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC). Fusion Energy Sciences (FES) (SC-24); USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
AC52-06NA25396; AC05-00OR22725; AC02-09-CH11466
OSTI ID:
1415399
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1422602; OSTI ID: 1425136
Report Number(s):
LA-UR-17-24681; TRN: US1800798
Journal Information:
Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 57, Issue 10; ISSN 0029-5515
Publisher:
IOP ScienceCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Effect of error field correction coils on W7-X limiter loads journal September 2017
Comparison of particle trajectories and collision operators for collisional transport in nonaxisymmetric plasmas text January 2013

Cited By (22)

State-of-the-Art of High-Power Gyro-Devices and Free Electron Masers journal January 2020
Measurements and correction of the 1/1 error field in Wendelstein 7-X journal December 2018
Performance of Wendelstein 7-X stellarator plasmas during the first divertor operation phase journal August 2019
Radial energy flux during destabilized Alfvén eigenmodes journal October 2018
Methods for quantitative study of divertor heat loads on W7-X journal April 2019
Bayesian modeling of microwave radiometer calibration on the example of the Wendelstein 7-X electron cyclotron emission diagnostic journal April 2019
Plasma impurities observed by a pulse height analysis diagnostic during the divertor campaign of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator journal October 2018
Final integration, commissioning and start of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator operation journal August 2017
Effects of toroidal plasma current on divertor power depositions on Wendelstein 7-X journal August 2019
XUV diagnostic to monitor H-like emission from B, C, N, and O for the W7-X stellarator journal September 2019
Charge exchange recombination spectroscopy at Wendelstein 7-X journal February 2020
Verification of the global gyrokinetic stellarator code XGC-S for linear ion temperature gradient driven modes journal August 2019
Inference of temperature and density profiles via forward modeling of an x-ray imaging crystal spectrometer within the Minerva Bayesian analysis framework journal June 2019
Tracer-Encapsulated Solid Pellet (TESPEL) injection system for Wendelstein 7-X journal October 2018
Magnetic configuration effects on the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator journal May 2018
The Radial Propagation of Heat in Strongly Driven Non-Equilibrium Fusion Plasmas journal February 2019
Prospects of X-ray imaging spectrometers for impurity transport: Recent results from the stellarator Wendelstein 7-X (invited) journal October 2018
Infrared imaging systems for wall protection in the W7-X stellarator (invited) journal October 2018
Towards a new image processing system at Wendelstein 7-X: From spatial calibration to characterization of thermal events journal December 2018
Characterization of the W7-X scrape-off layer using reciprocating probes journal June 2019
Parametric decay instability of an obliquely propagating ordinary wave in the electron cyclotron frequency range journal January 2018
Radiative edge cooling experiments in Wendelstein 7-X start-up limiter campaign journal May 2019

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