Variable range hopping electric and thermoelectric transport in anisotropic black phosphorus

Liu, Huili; Sung Choe, Hwan; Chen, Yabin; Suh, Joonki; Ko, Changhyun; Tongay, Sefaattin; Wu, Junqiao

doi:10.1063/1.4985333

Title: Variable range hopping electric and thermoelectric transport in anisotropic black phosphorus

Journal Article · Tue Sep 05 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Applied Physics Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4985333· OSTI ID:1408470

Liu, Huili ^[1]; Sung Choe, Hwan ^[2]; Chen, Yabin ^[3]; Suh, Joonki ^[3];

^[3]; Tongay, Sefaattin ^[4]; Wu, Junqiao ^[5]

Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Materials Science Division; Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering , Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Inst.
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States). School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Materials Science Division; Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Inst.

Black phosphorus (BP) is a layered semiconductor with a high mobility of up to ~1000 cm ² V ^-1 s ^-1 and a narrow bandgap of ~0.3 eV, and shows potential applications in thermoelectrics. In stark contrast to most other layered materials, electrical and thermoelectric properties in the basal plane of BP are highly anisotropic. In order to elucidate the mechanism for such anisotropy, we fabricated BP nanoribbons (~100 nm thick) along the armchair and zigzag directions, and measured the transport properties. It is found that both the electrical conductivity and Seebeck co efficient increase with temperature, a behavior contradictory to that of traditional semiconductors. The three-dimensional variable range hopping model is adopted to analyze this abnormal temperature dependency of electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient. Furthermore, the hopping transport of the BP nanoribbons, attributed to high density of trap states in the samples, provides a fundamental understanding of the anisotropic BP for potential thermoelectric applications.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1408470

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1378420

Journal Information:: Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 10; ISSN 0003-6951

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 36 works

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