Controlled manipulation of oxygen vacancies using nanoscale flexoelectricity

Das, Saikat; Wang, Bo; Cao, Ye; Rae Cho, Myung; Jae Shin, Yeong; Mo Yang, Sang; Wang, Lingfei; Kim, Minu; Kalinin, Sergei V.; Chen, Long-Qing; Noh, Tae Won

doi:10.1038/s41467-017-00710-5

Title: Controlled manipulation of oxygen vacancies using nanoscale flexoelectricity

Journal Article · Wed Sep 20 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Nature Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00710-5· OSTI ID:1407737

Das, Saikat ^[1]; Wang, Bo ^[2]; Cao, Ye ^[3];

^[1]; Jae Shin, Yeong ^[1]; Mo Yang, Sang ^[4]; Wang, Lingfei ^[1];

^[1];

^[5]; Chen, Long-Qing ^[2]; Noh, Tae Won ^[1]

Inst. for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul (Republic of Korea). Center for Correlated Electron Systems; Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul (Republic of Korea). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States).Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Science (CNMS); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Inst. for Functional Imaging of Materials
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Science (CNMS); Sookmyung Women's Univ., Seoul (Republic of Korea). Dept. of Physics
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Science (CNMS); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Inst. for Functional Imaging of Materials

Oxygen vacancies, especially their distribution, are directly coupled to the electromagnetic properties of oxides and related emergent functionalities that have implications for device applications. Here using a homoepitaxial strontium titanate thin film, we demonstrate a controlled manipulation of the oxygen vacancy distribution using the mechanical force from a scanning probe microscope tip. By combining Kelvin probe force microscopy imaging and phase-field simulations, we show that oxygen vacancies can move under a stress-gradient-induced depolarisation field. When tailored, this nanoscale flexoelectric effect enables a controlled spatial modulation. In motion, the scanning probe tip thereby deterministically reconfigures the spatial distribution of vacancies. Finally, the ability to locally manipulate oxygen vacancies on-demand provides a tool for the exploration of mesoscale quantum phenomena and engineering multifunctional oxide devices.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); Institute for Basic Science in Korea; National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; IBS-R009-D1; DMR-1410714; ERKCZ07

OSTI ID:: 1407737

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 79 works

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