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Title: Airborne measurements of western U.S. wildfire emissions: Comparison with prescribed burning and air quality implications: Western U.S. Wildfire Emissions

Journal Article · · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD026315· OSTI ID:1399686
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [3];  [3];  [4]; ORCiD logo [5]; ORCiD logo [6]; ORCiD logo [7]; ORCiD logo [8];  [4];  [9]; ORCiD logo [10]; ORCiD logo [11]; ORCiD logo [6]; ORCiD logo [12];  [13];  [14]; ORCiD logo [15];  [6]; ORCiD logo [2] more »;  [16]; ORCiD logo [17]; ORCiD logo [18]; ORCiD logo [19]; ORCiD logo [6]; ORCiD logo [20]; ORCiD logo [21]; ORCiD logo [22];  [12];  [16]; ORCiD logo [23];  [16]; ORCiD logo [24];  [2]; ORCiD logo [11]; ORCiD logo [25]; ORCiD logo [26]; ORCiD logo [27] « less
  1. Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States). School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Cooperative Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences, Dept. of Chemistry
  2. Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States). School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences
  3. Univ. of Montana, Missoula, MT (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
  4. Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
  5. Univ. of Montana, Missoula, MT (United States). Dept. of Chemistry; Univ. of Innsbruck (Austria). Inst. of Ion Physics and Applied Physics
  6. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Cooperative Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences, Dept. of Chemistry
  7. Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder Colorado USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder Colorado USA
  8. NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA (United States); California State Univ. (CalState), San Bernardino, CA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
  9. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Earth and Environmental Sciences Division; Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States). Dept. of Atmospheric Oceanic and Space Sciences
  10. NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA (United States); Science Systems and Applications Inc., Hampton, VA (United States)
  11. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences
  12. NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA (United States)
  13. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Earth and Environmental Sciences Division
  14. Aerodyne Research Inc., Billerica, MA (United States). Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry
  15. Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt Maryland USA
  16. Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Environmental and Climate Sciences Dept.
  17. Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine California USA
  18. Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo Norway
  19. Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research Inc., Billerica Massachusetts USA
  20. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Cooperative Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States). Earth System Research Lab.
  21. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Cooperative Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States). Earth System Research Lab.; Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO (United States). Dept. of Atmospheric Science
  22. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States). Earth System Research Lab.
  23. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division
  24. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States). Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Lab.; Univ. of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD (United States). Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology
  25. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Division of Engineering and Applied Science
  26. Univ. of Innsbruck (Austria). Inst. of Ion Physics and Applied Physics; Univ. of Oslo (Norway). Dept. of Chemistry
  27. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States). Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Lab.; Univ. of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD (United States). Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology
+ Show Author Affiliations

Wildfires emit significant amounts of pollutants that degrade air quality. Plumes from three wildfires in the western U.S. were measured from aircraft during the Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC4RS) and the Biomass Burning Observation Project (BBOP), both in summer 2013. This study reports an extensive set of emission factors (EFs) for over 80 gases and 5 components of submicron particulate matter (PM1) from these temperate wildfires. These include rarely, or never before, measured oxygenated volatile organic compounds and multifunctional organic nitrates. The observed EFs are compared with previous measurements of temperate wildfires, boreal forest fires, and temperate prescribed fires. Furthermore, the wildfires emitted high amounts of PM1 (with organic aerosol (OA) dominating the mass) with an average EF that is more than 2 times the EFs for prescribed fires. The measured EFs were used to estimate the annual wildfire emissions of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, total nonmethane organic compounds, and PM1 from 11 western U.S. states. The estimated gas emissions are generally comparable with the 2011 National Emissions Inventory (NEI). However, our PM1 emission estimate (1530 ± 570 Gg yr-1) is over 3 times that of the NEI PM2.5 estimate and is also higher than the PM2.5 emitted from all other sources in these states in the NEI. This study indicates that the source of OA from biomass burning in the western states is significantly underestimated. Additionally, our results indicate that prescribed burning may be an effective method to reduce fine particle emissions.

Research Organization:
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0012704
OSTI ID:
1399686
Report Number(s):
BNL-114410-2017-JA; R&D Project: 2019‐BNL-EE630EECA-Budg; KP1701000; TRN: US1702968
Journal Information:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 122, Issue 11; ISSN 2169-897X
Publisher:
American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 122 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Nitrogen oxides and PAN in plumes from boreal fires during ARCTAS-B and their impact on ozone: an integrated analysis of aircraft and satellite observations journal January 2010
Effects of Livestock Grazing on Stand Dynamics and Soils in Upland Forests of the Interior West: Efectos del Pastoreo sobre la Dinámica de Árboles y Suelos en Bosques en el Altiplano del Occidente Interior journal April 1997
Laboratory measurements of trace gas emissions from biomass burning of fuel types from the southeastern and southwestern United States journal January 2010
Airborne and ground-based measurements of the trace gases and particles emitted by prescribed fires in the United States journal January 2011
A cavity ring-down analyzer for measuring atmospheric levels of methane, carbon dioxide, and water vapor journal August 2008
Biomass burning and urban air pollution over the Central Mexican Plateau journal January 2009
Effects of aging on organic aerosol from open biomass burning smoke in aircraft and laboratory studies journal January 2011
Oxidative potential of ambient water-soluble PM 2.5 in the southeastern United States: contrasts in sources and health associations between ascorbic acid (AA) and dithiothreitol (DTT) assays journal January 2016
Properties and evolution of biomass burning organic aerosol from Canadian boreal forest fires journal January 2015
Health Effects of the 2003 Southern California Wildfires on Children journal December 2006
Mixing state of carbonaceous aerosol in an urban environment: single particle characterization using the soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SP-AMS) journal January 2015
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On-line monitoring of volatile organic compounds at pptv levels by means of proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) medical applications, food control and environmental research journal February 1998
In situ measurements and modeling of reactive trace gases in a small biomass burning plume journal January 2016
Isoprene photooxidation: new insights into the production of acids and organic nitrates journal January 2009
The 2013 Rim Fire: Implications for Predicting Extreme Fire Spread, Pyroconvection, and Smoke Emissions journal February 2015
A review of biomass burning emissions part II: intensive physical properties of biomass burning particles journal January 2005
Absorptivity of brown carbon in fresh and photo-chemically aged biomass-burning emissions journal January 2013
Enhanced SOA formation from mixed anthropogenic and biogenic emissions during the CARES campaign journal January 2013
Boreal forest fire emissions in fresh Canadian smoke plumes: C 1 -C 10 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), CO 2 , CO, NO 2 , NO, HCN and CH 3 CN journal January 2011
Quantification of hydroxyacetone and glycolaldehyde using chemical ionization mass spectrometry journal January 2014
Wildfire-contingent effects of fuel treatments can promote ecological resilience in seasonally dry conifer forests journal August 2014
Trace gas emissions from combustion of peat, crop residue, domestic biofuels, grasses, and other fuels: configuration and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) component of the fourth Fire Lab at Missoula Experiment (FLAME-4) journal January 2014
Characterization of biomass burning emissions from cooking fires, peat, crop residue, and other fuels with high-resolution proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry journal January 2015
Hydroxy nitrate production in the OH-initiated oxidation of alkenes journal January 2015
Combustion efficiency and emission factors for wildfire-season fires in mixed conifer forests of the northern Rocky Mountains, US journal January 2013
Biomass burning fuel consumption rates: a field measurement database journal January 2014
Reactive oxygen species associated with water-soluble PM 2.5 in the southeastern United States: spatiotemporal trends and source apportionment journal January 2014
The tropical forest and fire emissions experiment: laboratory fire measurements and synthesis of campaign data journal January 2008
Emissions from biomass burning in the Yucatan journal January 2009
Trace gas and particle emissions from open biomass burning in Mexico journal January 2011
Coupling field and laboratory measurements to estimate the emission factors of identified and unidentified trace gases for prescribed fires journal January 2013
Trace gas and particle emissions from open biomass burning in Mexico journal January 2011
Biomass burning and urban air pollution over the Central Mexican Plateau journal January 2009
Reactive intermediates revealed in secondary organic aerosol formation from isoprene
  • C., Flagan, Richard; C., Eddingsaas, Nathan; L., Loza, Christine
  • The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries https://doi.org/10.17615/sz9v-nb58
text January 2009
Absorptivity of brown carbon in fresh and photo-chemically aged biomass-burning emissions journal January 2013
Long-term perspective on wildfires in the western USA text January 2012

Cited By (27)

The atmospheric oxidation of hydroxyacetone: Chemistry of activated and stabilized CH 3 C(O)CH(OH)OO• radicals between 252 and 298 K journal February 2020
Progress and Challenges in Quantifying Wildfire Smoke Emissions, Their Properties, Transport, and Atmospheric Impacts journal December 2019
Investigating Smoke Aerosol Emission Coefficients Using MODIS Active Fire and Aerosol Products: A Case Study in the CONUS and Indonesia journal June 2019
Major secondary aerosol formation in southern African open biomass burning plumes journal June 2018
Vegetation-fire feedback reduces projected area burned under climate change journal February 2019
Wildland fire emission factors in North America: synthesis of existing data, measurement needs and management applications journal January 2020
Spherical tarball particles form through rapid chemical and physical changes of organic matter in biomass-burning smoke journal September 2019
Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Emergency Department Visits Associated With Wildfire Smoke Exposure in California in 2015 journal April 2018
Molecular and physical characteristics of aerosol at a remote free troposphere site: implications for atmospheric aging journal January 2018
Time-dependent entrainment of smoke presents an observational challenge for assessing aerosol–cloud interactions over the southeast Atlantic Ocean journal January 2018
Emissions from village cookstoves in Haryana, India, and their potential impacts on air quality journal January 2018
Secondary organic aerosol production from local emissions dominates the organic aerosol budget over Seoul, South Korea, during KORUS-AQ journal January 2018
Aerosol optical properties and trace gas emissions by PAX and OP-FTIR for laboratory-simulated western US wildfires during FIREX journal January 2018
Temporally delineated sources of major chemical species in high Arctic snow journal January 2018
Emissions of trace gases from Australian temperate forest fires: emission factors and dependence on modified combustion efficiency journal January 2018
Speciated and total emission factors of particulate organics from burning western US wildland fuels and their dependence on combustion efficiency journal January 2019
Secondary organic aerosol formation from the laboratory oxidation of biomass burning emissions journal January 2019
Towards a satellite formaldehyde – in situ hybrid estimate for organic aerosol abundance journal January 2019
Emission of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning – an updated assessment journal January 2019
Gas-phase pyrolysis products emitted by prescribed fires in pine forests with a shrub understory in the southeastern United States journal January 2019
Above-cloud aerosol optical depth from airborne observations in the southeast Atlantic journal January 2020
Contiguous United States wildland fire emission estimates during 2003–2015 journal January 2018
The FireWork v2.0 air quality forecast system with biomass burning emissions from the Canadian Forest Fire Emissions Prediction System v2.03 journal January 2019
Non-methane organic gas emissions from biomass burning: identification, quantification, and emission factors from PTR-ToF during the FIREX 2016 laboratory experiment journal January 2018
In situ measurements of trace gases, PM, and aerosol optical properties during the 2017 NW US wildfire smoke event journal January 2019
Next‐Generation Biomass Mapping for Regional Emissions and Carbon Inventories: Incorporating Uncertainty in Wildland Fuel Characterization journal December 2019
Formation and evolution of tar balls from northwestern US wildfires journal January 2018

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