Ultra-high-rate pseudocapacitive energy storage in two-dimensional transition metal carbides

Lukatskaya, Maria R.; Kota, Sankalp; Lin, Zifeng; Zhao, Meng -Qiang; Shpigel, Netanel; Levi, Mikhael D.; Halim, Joseph; Taberna, Pierre -Louis; Barsoum, Michel W.; Simon, Patrice; Gogotsi, Yury G.

doi:10.1038/nenergy.2017.105

Title: Ultra-high-rate pseudocapacitive energy storage in two-dimensional transition metal carbides

Journal Article · Mon Jul 10 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Nature Energy

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2017.105· OSTI ID:1399236

Lukatskaya, Maria R. ^[1];

^[2]; Lin, Zifeng ^[3]; Zhao, Meng -Qiang ^[2]; Shpigel, Netanel ^[4]; Levi, Mikhael D. ^[4]; Halim, Joseph ^[2]; Taberna, Pierre -Louis ^[3]; Barsoum, Michel W. ^[2]; Simon, Patrice ^[3];

^[2]

Drexel Univ., Philadelphia, PA (United States); Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Stanford, CA (United States)
Drexel Univ., Philadelphia, PA (United States)
Univ. Paul Sabatier, Toulouse (France); Reseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E) (France)
Bar-Ilan Univ., Ramat-Gan (Israel)

In this study, the use of fast surface redox storage (pseudocapacitive) mechanisms can enable devices that store much more energy than electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) and, unlike batteries, can do so quite rapidly. Yet, few pseudocapacitive transition metal oxides can provide a high power capability due to their low intrinsic electronic and ionic conductivity. Here we demonstrate that two-dimensional transition metal carbides (MXenes) can operate at rates exceeding those of conventional EDLCs, but still provide higher volumetric and areal capacitance than carbon, electrically conducting polymers or transition metal oxides. We applied two distinct designs for MXene electrode architectures with improved ion accessibility to redox-active sites. A macroporous Ti₃C₂T_x MXene film delivered up to 210 F g^–1 at scan rates of 10 V s^–1, surpassing the best carbon supercapacitors known. In contrast, we show that MXene hydrogels are able to deliver volumetric capacitance of ~1,500 F cm^–3 reaching the previously unmatched volumetric performance of RuO₂.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Fluid Interface Reactions, Structures and Transport Center (FIRST)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1399236

Journal Information:: Nature Energy, Vol. 2, Issue 8; ISSN 2058-7546

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 1372 works

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Energy storage on demand: ultra-high-rate and high-energy-density inkjet-printed NiO micro-supercapacitors Giannakou, Pavlos; Masteghin, Mateus G.; Slade, Robert C. T. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 37 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta07878a	journal	January 2019
Few-layered Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXenes coupled with Fe ₂ O ₃ nanorod arrays grown on carbon cloth as anodes for flexible asymmetric supercapacitors Li, Fei; Liu, Yi-Lin; Wang, Gui-Gen Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 39 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta08144e	journal	January 2019
Dense organic molecules/graphene network anodes with superior volumetric and areal performance for asymmetric supercapacitors Zhang, Lina; Han, Daliang; Tao, Ying Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta09941g	journal	January 2020
Ion-assisted self-assembly of macroporous MXene films as supercapacitor electrodes Zhang, Xuefeng; Liu, Xudong; Yan, Runze Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 8, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9tc05595a	journal	January 2020
Electrically conductive aluminum ion-reinforced MXene films for efficient electromagnetic interference shielding Liu, Zhangshuo; Zhang, Yu; Zhang, Hao-Bin Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 8, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9tc06304h	journal	January 2020
Are MXenes suitable as cathode materials for rechargeable Mg batteries? Kaland, Henning; Hadler-Jacobsen, Jacob; Fagerli, Frode Håskjold Sustainable Energy & Fuels, Vol. 4, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1039/d0se00087f	journal	January 2020
Resistance switching characteristics and mechanisms of MXene/SiO ₂ structure-based memristor Lian, Xiaojuan; Shen, Xinyi; Zhang, Miaocheng Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5087423	journal	August 2019
Super strong 2D titanium carbide MXene-based materials: a theoretical prediction Kazemi, Seyedeh Alieh; Wang, Yun Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 32, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/ab5bd8	journal	December 2019
Enhanced low-temperature Li-ion storage in MXene titanium carbide by surface oxygen termination Wang, Yahui; Ma, Chao; Ma, Wenqing 2D Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/ab30f9	journal	July 2019
A hydrofluoric acid-free synthesis of 2D vanadium carbide (V ₂ C) MXene for supercapacitor electrodes Guan, Yunfeng; Jiang, Song; Cong, Ye 2D Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/ab6706	journal	January 2020
MXenes stretch hydrogel sensor performance to new limits Zhang, Yi-Zhou; Lee, Kang Hyuck; Anjum, Dalaver H. Science Advances, Vol. 4, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat0098	journal	June 2018
Interfacial Dissociation of Contact-Ion-Pair on MXene Electrodes in Concentrated Aqueous Electrolytes Kim, Kijae; Okubo, Masashi; Yamada, Atsuo Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0931915jes	journal	January 2019
“Water-in-Salt” for Supercapacitors: A Compromise between Voltage, Power Density, Energy Density and Stability Lannelongue, Pierre; Bouchal, Roza; Mourad, Eléonore Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 165, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0951803jes	journal	January 2018
Photodynamic Therapy Based on Graphene and MXene in Cancer Theranostics Gazzi, Arianna; Fusco, Laura; Khan, Anooshay Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Vol. 7 https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2019.00295	journal	October 2019
Prussian White Hierarchical Nanotubes with Surface‐Controlled Charge Storage for Sodium‐Ion Batteries Ren, Wenhao; Zhu, Zixuan; Qin, Mingsheng Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201806405	journal	February 2019
Atomic Sulfur Covalently Engineered Interlayers of Ti ₃ C ₂ MXene for Ultra‐Fast Sodium‐Ion Storage by Enhanced Pseudocapacitance Luo, Jianmin; Zheng, Jianhui; Nai, Jianwei Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201808107	journal	March 2019
Engineering 3D Ion Transport Channels for Flexible MXene Films with Superior Capacitive Performance Wang, Yuanming; Wang, Xue; Li, Xiaolong Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201900326	journal	February 2019
Ultrathin Molybdenum Carbide MXene with Fast Biodegradability for Highly Efficient Theory‐Oriented Photonic Tumor Hyperthermia Feng, Wei; Wang, Rongyan; Zhou, Yadan Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201901942	journal	April 2019
3D Macroscopic Architectures from Self‐Assembled MXene Hydrogels Shang, Tongxin; Lin, Zifeng; Qi, Changsheng Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 33 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201903960	journal	June 2019
Clay-Inspired MXene-Based Electrochemical Devices and Photo-Electrocatalyst: State-of-the-Art Progresses and Challenges Wang, Hou; Wu, Yan; Yuan, Xingzhong Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201704561	journal	January 2018
Toward Superior Capacitive Energy Storage: Recent Advances in Pore Engineering for Dense Electrodes Liu, Congcong; Yan, Xiaojun; Hu, Fei Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201705713	journal	March 2018
Oxide Thin-Film Electronics using All-MXene Electrical Contacts Wang, Zhenwei; Kim, Hyunho; Alshareef, Husam N. Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201706656	journal	February 2018
Identifying the Origin and Contribution of Surface Storage in TiO ₂ (B) Nanotube Electrode by In Situ Dynamic Valence State Monitoring Tang, Yuxin; Zhang, Yanyan; Malyi, Oleksandr I. Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 33 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201802200	journal	July 2018
Engineering 2D Architectures toward High-Performance Micro-Supercapacitors Da, Yumin; Liu, Jinxin; Zhou, Lu Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201802793	journal	August 2018
The Road Towards Planar Microbatteries and Micro‐Supercapacitors: From 2D to 3D Device Geometries Zheng, Shuanghao; Shi, Xiaoyu; Das, Pratteek Advanced Materials https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201900583	journal	June 2019
Two‐Dimensional Arrays of Transition Metal Nitride Nanocrystals Xiao, Xu; Wang, Hao; Bao, Weizhai Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 33 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201902393	journal	June 2019
Multifunctional Nanocomposites with High Strength and Capacitance Using 2D MXene and 1D Nanocellulose Tian, Weiqian; VahidMohammadi, Armin; Reid, Michael S. Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 41 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201902977	journal	August 2019
One‐Step Synthesis of Nanostructured CoS ₂ Grown on Titanium Carbide MXene for High‐Performance Asymmetrical Supercapacitors Liu, Hao; Hu, Rui; Qi, Jiqiu Advanced Materials Interfaces, Vol. 7, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.201901659	journal	January 2020
In Situ Formed Protective Barrier Enabled by Sulfur@Titanium Carbide (MXene) Ink for Achieving High-Capacity, Long Lifetime Li-S Batteries Tang, Huan; Li, Wenlong; Pan, Limei Advanced Science, Vol. 5, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.201800502	journal	July 2018
Black Phosphorus Quantum Dot/Ti ₃ C ₂ MXene Nanosheet Composites for Efficient Electrochemical Lithium/Sodium-Ion Storage Meng, Ruijin; Huang, Jimei; Feng, Yutong Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201801514	journal	August 2018
On‐Chip MXene Microsupercapacitors for AC‐Line Filtering Applications Jiang, Qiu; Kurra, Narendra; Maleski, Kathleen Advanced Energy Materials https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201901061	journal	May 2019
Fluorine-Free Synthesis of High-Purity Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x (T=OH, O) via Alkali Treatment Li, Tengfei; Yao, Lulu; Liu, Qinglei Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 57, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201800887	journal	April 2018
Recent Advances and Challenges of Two‐Dimensional Materials for High‐Energy and High‐Power Lithium‐Ion Capacitors Su, Feng; Hou, Xiaocheng; Qin, Jieqiong Batteries & Supercaps, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/batt.201900153	journal	November 2019
An Investigation into the Charge‐Storage Mechanism of MnO@Graphite as Anode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries at Low Temperature Tian, Xiaodong; Du, Li; Yan, Yurong ChemElectroChem, Vol. 6, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.201900324	journal	April 2019
Electrochemical Behavior of Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXene in Environmentally Friendly Methanesulfonic Acid Electrolyte Zhao, Xin; Dall'Agnese, Chunxiang; Chu, Xue‐Feng ChemSusChem, Vol. 12, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201901746	journal	August 2019
Two‐Dimensional Materials for High‐Energy Solid‐State Asymmetric Pseudocapacitors with High Mass Loadings Chodankar, Nilesh R.; Patil, Swati J.; Rama Raju, Ganji Seeta ChemSusChem, Vol. 13, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201902339	journal	November 2019
Strongly Coupled MoS ₂ Nanocrystal/Ti ₃ C ₂ Nanosheet Hybrids Enable High‐Capacity Lithium‐Ion Storage Hu, Zhongli; Kuai, Xiaoxiao; Chen, Juntong ChemSusChem, Vol. 13, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201902702	journal	March 2020
Tailoring Structure, Composition, and Energy Storage Properties of MXenes from Selective Etching of In-Plane, Chemically Ordered MAX Phases Persson, Ingemar; el Ghazaly, Ahmed; Tao, Quanzheng Small, Vol. 14, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201703676	journal	April 2018
Automated Scalpel Patterning of Solution Processed Thin Films for Fabrication of Transparent MXene Microsupercapacitors Salles, Pol; Quain, Evan; Kurra, Narendra Small, Vol. 14, Issue 44 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201802864	journal	October 2018
Highly Conductive Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXene Hybrid Fibers for Flexible and Elastic Fiber-Shaped Supercapacitors Zhang, Jizhen; Seyedin, Shayan; Qin, Si Small, Vol. 15, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201804732	journal	January 2019
Interlayer Hydrogen‐Bonded Metal Porphyrin Frameworks/MXene Hybrid Film with High Capacitance for Flexible All‐Solid‐State Supercapacitors Zhao, Weiwei; Peng, Jiali; Wang, Weikang Small, Vol. 15, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201901351	journal	March 2019
Highly Enhanced Pseudocapacitive Performance of Vanadium‐Doped MXenes in Neutral Electrolytes Gao, Zhi‐Wen; Zheng, Weiran; Lee, Lawrence Yoon Suk Small, Vol. 15, Issue 40 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201902649	journal	August 2019
Microsphere‐Like SiO ₂ /MXene Hybrid Material Enabling High Performance Anode for Lithium Ion Batteries Mu, Ge; Mu, Daobin; Wu, Borong Small, Vol. 16, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201905430	journal	December 2019
Carbon nanotubes enhance flexible MXene films for high-rate supercapacitors Chen, He; Yu, Lanyong; Lin, Zifeng Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 55, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-019-04003-8	journal	September 2019
Lower Band Gap Sb/ZnWO4/r-GO Nanocomposite Based Supercapacitor Electrodes Brijesh, K.; Nagaraja, H. S. Journal of Electronic Materials, Vol. 48, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-019-07185-8	journal	April 2019
Mechanically strong MXene/Kevlar nanofiber composite membranes as high-performance nanofluidic osmotic power generators Zhang, Zhen; Yang, Sheng; Zhang, Panpan Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10885-8	journal	July 2019
Metallic porous nitride single crystals at two-centimeter scale delivering enhanced pseudocapacitance Xi, Shaobo; Lin, Guoming; Jin, Lu Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12818-x	journal	October 2019
Alkali-induced crumpling of Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x (MXene) to form 3D porous networks for sodium ion storage Zhao, Di; Clites, Mallory; Ying, Guobing Chemical Communications, Vol. 54, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cc00649k	journal	January 2018
A nanoporous MXene film enables flexible supercapacitors with high energy storage Fan, Zhimin; Wang, Youshan; Xie, Zhimin Nanoscale, Vol. 10, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8nr01550c	journal	January 2018
Interlayer engineering of Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXenes towards high capacitance supercapacitors Hu, Minmin; Cheng, Renfei; Li, Zhenjiang Nanoscale, Vol. 12, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9nr08960h	journal	January 2020
Origin of theoretical pseudocapacitance of two-dimensional supercapacitor electrodes Ti ₃ C ₂ T ₂ (T = bare, O, S) Wang, Lijing; Wang, Jin; Zhang, Zhenzhou Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta03529j	journal	January 2019
A novel all solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor with superior electrochemical performance in a wide temperature range using a hydroquinone modified graphene xerogel as the cathode and N-doped Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x as the anode Sun, Qimeng; He, Tao; Li, Yueming Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 8, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta09447d	journal	January 2020
MOF-derived conductive carbon nitrides for separator-modified Li–S batteries and flexible supercapacitors Cai, Jingsheng; Song, Yingze; Chen, Xiang Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 8, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta11958b	journal	January 2020
All-organic room temperature thermally switchable dielectric system Meng, Peng; Zhang, Quan; Wu, Yulong Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 7, Issue 48 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9tc02370d	journal	January 2019
High areal capacitance of vanadium oxides intercalated Ti ₃ C ₂ MXene for flexible supercapacitors with high mass loading Zhang, Zezhong; Guo, Miao; Tang, Yanhong Nanotechnology, Vol. 31, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ab6689	journal	January 2020
Interfacial and electronic properties of heterostructures of MXene and graphene Li, Rui; Sun, Weiwei; Zhan, Cheng Physical Review B, Vol. 99, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.99.085429	journal	February 2019
Elastic properties of 2D Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXene monolayers and bilayers Lipatov, Alexey; Lu, Haidong; Alhabeb, Mohamed Science Advances, Vol. 4, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat0491	journal	June 2018
How to efficiently utilize electrode materials in supercapattery? Chen, Kunfeng; Xue, Dongfeng Functional Materials Letters, Vol. 12, Issue 01 https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793604718300050	journal	January 2019
MnPO ₄ ·H ₂ O as Electrode Material for Electrochemical Capacitors Martínez, Jorge Alexis Zuñiga; Porto, Raúl Lucio; Cortez, Iván Eleazar Moreno Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 165, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.1281810jes	journal	January 2018
Highly loaded MXene/carbon nanotube yarn electrodes for improved asymmetric supercapacitor performance Park, Jong Woo; Lee, Dong Yeop; Kim, Hyunsoo MRS Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 01 https://doi.org/10.1557/mrc.2019.7	journal	January 2019
High Sensitivity Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor Based on Two-Dimensional MXene and Transition Metal Dichalcogenide: A Theoretical Study Xu, Yi; Ang, Yee; Wu, Lin Nanomaterials, Vol. 9, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9020165	journal	January 2019
2D MXene Nanofilms with Tunable Gas Transport Channels Shen, Jie; Liu, Guozhen; Ji, Yufan Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 31 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201801511	journal	June 2018
Fast Gelation of Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXene Initiated by Metal Ions Deng, Yaqian; Shang, Tongxin; Wu, Zhitan Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201902432	journal	September 2019
All Pseudocapacitive MXene-RuO ₂ Asymmetric Supercapacitors Jiang, Qiu; Kurra, Narendra; Alhabeb, Mohamed Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201703043	journal	January 2018
Selective Etching of Silicon from Ti 3 SiC 2 (MAX) To Obtain 2D Titanium Carbide (MXene) Alhabeb, Mohamed; Maleski, Kathleen; Mathis, Tyler S. Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 130, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201802232	journal	March 2018
Tuning the Electrochemical Performance of Titanium Carbide MXene by Controllable In Situ Anodic Oxidation Tang, Jun; Mathis, Tyler S.; Kurra, Narendra Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 49 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201911604	journal	December 2019
Electronic Structure Control of Tungsten Oxide Activated by Ni for Ultrahigh-Performance Supercapacitors Meng, Tian; Kou, Zongkui; Amiinu, Ibrahim Saana Small, Vol. 14, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201800381	journal	April 2018
Multifunctional, Superelastic, and Lightweight MXene/Polyimide Aerogels Liu, Ji; Zhang, Hao-Bin; Xie, Xi Small, Vol. 14, Issue 45 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201802479	journal	October 2018
Electrostatically Assembling 2D Nanosheets of MXene and MOF‐Derivatives into 3D Hollow Frameworks for Enhanced Lithium Storage Zhao, Xi; Xu, Hai; Hui, Zengyu Small, Vol. 15, Issue 47 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201904255	journal	October 2019
Control of MXenes’ electronic properties through termination and intercalation Hart, James L.; Hantanasirisakul, Kanit; Lang, Andrew C. Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-08169-8	journal	January 2019
Scalable synthesis of holey graphite nanosheets for supercapacitors with high volumetric capacitance Wang, Jie; Park, Teahoon; Yi, Jin Woo Nanoscale Horizons, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8nh00375k	journal	January 2019
2D MXene nanosheets enable small-sulfur electrodes to be flexible for lithium–sulfur batteries Zhao, Qian; Zhu, Qizhen; Miao, Jiawei Nanoscale, Vol. 11, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8nr09653h	journal	January 2019
MXene Composite and Coaxial Fibers with High Stretchability and Conductivity for Wearable Strain Sensing Textiles Seyedin, Shayan; Uzun, Simge; Levitt, Ariana Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201910504	journal	February 2020
Atomic Cobalt Covalently Engineered Interlayers for Superior Lithium-Ion Storage Wang, Changda; Xie, Hui; Chen, Shuangming Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 32 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201802525	journal	June 2018
White Photoluminescent Ti ₃ C ₂ MXene Quantum Dots with Two‐Photon Fluorescence Lu, Siyu; Sui, Laizhi; Liu, Yuan Advanced Science, Vol. 6, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.201801470	journal	March 2019
A New View of Supercapacitors: Integrated Supercapacitors Zhu, Qiancheng; Zhao, Danyang; Cheng, Mingyu Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201901081	journal	August 2019
Regulating Fast Anionic Redox for High-Voltage Aqueous Hydrogen-Ion-based Energy Storage Wang, Shengping; Zhao, Xiaoli; Yan, Xiaojun Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201811220	journal	December 2018
A 2.4-V asymmetric supercapacitor based on cation-intercalated manganese oxide nanosheets in a low-cost “water-in-salt” electrolyte Bu, Xudong; Zhang, Yurong; Su, Lijun Ionics, Vol. 25, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-019-03141-y	journal	July 2019
Three-dimensional ordered porous electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage Liu, Zaichun; Yuan, Xinhai; Zhang, Shuaishuai NPG Asia Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41427-019-0112-3	journal	March 2019
In situ atomistic insight into the growth mechanisms of single layer 2D transition metal carbides Sang, Xiahan; Xie, Yu; Yilmaz, Dundar E. Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04610-0	journal	June 2018
Thickness-independent capacitance of vertically aligned liquid-crystalline MXenes Xia, Yu; Mathis, Tyler S.; Zhao, Meng-Qiang Nature, Vol. 557, Issue 7705 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0109-z	journal	May 2018
Superfast high-energy storage hybrid device composed of MXene and Chevrel-phase electrodes operated in saturated LiCl electrolyte solution Malchik, Fyodor; Shpigel, Netanel; Levi, Mikhael D. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 34 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta08066j	journal	January 2019
Large-scale synthesis of size- and thickness-tunable conducting polymer nanosheets via a salt-templated method Huang, Liang; Guo, Zhengfeng; Liu, Kaisi Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta08617j	journal	January 2019
Atomic-level structure engineering of metal oxides for high-rate oxygen intercalation pseudocapacitance Ling, Tao; Da, Pengfei; Zheng, Xueli Science Advances, Vol. 4, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau6261	journal	October 2018
Hydrous RuO ₂ ‐Decorated MXene Coordinating with Silver Nanowire Inks Enabling Fully Printed Micro‐Supercapacitors with Extraordinary Volumetric Performance Li, Hongpeng; Li, Xiran; Liang, Jiajie Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201803987	journal	February 2019
Comparative study on electrosorptive behavior of NH4HF2-etched Ti3C2 and HF-etched Ti3C2 for capacitive deionization Feng, Aihu; Yu, Yang; Mi, Le Ionics, Vol. 25, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-018-2787-9	journal	November 2018
Two-dimensional layered magnesium–cobalt hydroxide crochet structure for high rate and long stable supercapacitor application Nanwani, Alisha; Deshmukh, Kavita A.; Sivaraman, P. npj 2D Materials and Applications, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41699-019-0126-2	journal	November 2019
Conductive MXene Nanocomposite Organohydrogel for Flexible, Healable, Low‐Temperature Tolerant Strain Sensors Liao, Hui; Guo, Xuelin; Wan, Pengbo Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 39 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201904507	journal	July 2019
Knittable and Washable Multifunctional MXene‐Coated Cellulose Yarns Uzun, Simge; Seyedin, Shayan; Stoltzfus, Amy L. Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 45 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201905015	journal	September 2019
Regulating Fast Anionic Redox for High-Voltage Aqueous Hydrogen-Ion-based Energy Storage Wang, Shengping; Zhao, Xiaoli; Yan, Xiaojun Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 131, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201811220	journal	December 2018
Engineering Redox Activity in Conjugated Microporous Polytriphenylamine Networks Using Pyridyl Building Blocks toward Efficient Supercapacitors Li, Huixin; Lyu, Wei; Liao, Yaozu Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Vol. 40, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.201900455	journal	November 2019
Metallic MoS2 nanosphere electrode for aqueous symmetric supercapacitors with high energy and power densities Feng, Dan; Pan, Xuexue; Xia, Qiuyu Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 55, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-019-03997-5	journal	September 2019
Additive-free MXene inks and direct printing of micro-supercapacitors Zhang, Chuanfang; McKeon, Lorcan; Kremer, Matthias P. Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09398-1	journal	April 2019
All-solid-state flexible planar lithium ion micro-capacitors Zheng, Shuanghao; Ma, Jiaming; Wu, Zhong-Shuai Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 11, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ee00855h	journal	January 2018
Scalable nanomanufacturing of inkjet-printed wearable energy storage devices Huang, Tao-Tse; Wu, Wenzhuo Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 41 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta05239a	journal	January 2019
A facile route to well-dispersed Ru nanoparticles embedded in self-templated mesoporous carbons for high-performance supercapacitors Aftabuzzaman, M.; Kim, Chang Ki; Kowalewski, Tomasz Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 35 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta06571g	journal	January 2019
MXenes as High-Rate Electrodes for Energy Storage Lin, Zifeng; Shao, Hui; Xu, Kui Trends in Chemistry, Vol. 2, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trechm.2020.04.010	journal	July 2020
Nitrogen Doped Intercalation TiO2/TiN/Ti3C2Tx Nanocomposite Electrodes with Enhanced Pseudocapacitance Yang, Ben; She, Yin; Zhang, Changgeng Nanomaterials, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10020345	journal	February 2020
Electrolyte-Dependent Supercapacitor Performance on Nitrogen-Doped Porous Bio-Carbon from Gelatin Deng, Jie; Li, Jing; Song, Shuang Nanomaterials, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10020353	journal	February 2020