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Title: Characterization of Hydrocarbon Emissions from Gasoline Direct-Injection Compression Ignition Engine Operating on a Higher Reactivity Gasoline Fuel

Abstract

Low temperature combustion engine technologies are being investigated for high efficiency and low emissions. However, such engine technologies often produce higher engine-out hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions, and their operating range is limited by the fuel properties. In this study, two different fuels, a US market gasoline containing 10% ethanol (RON 92 E10) and a higher reactivity gasoline (RON 80 E0), were compared on a Delphi’s second generation Gasoline Direct-Injection Compression Ignition (Gen 2.0 GDCI) multi-cylinder engine. The engine was evaluated at three operating points ranging from a light load condition (800 rpm/2 bar IMEPg) to medium load conditions (1500 rpm/6 bar and 2000 rpm/10 bar IMEPg). The engine was equipped with two oxidation catalysts, between which was located the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) inlet. Samples were taken at engine-out, between the catalysts, and at tailpipe locations. In addition, part of the raw exhaust was diluted and sampled for HC speciation. Canisters and sorbent membranes were used to collect volatile HCs and semi-volatile HCs, respectively. Di-nitrophenyl hydrazine (DNPH) cartridges were also used for collecting oxygenated species. Results showed overall lower HC emissions with the RON 80 E0 fuel compared to the RON 92 E10 fuel. For both fuels,more » the percentage of aromatic HCs was higher in the exhaust than in the fuels themselves. High engine-out aldehyde and ketone emissions were observed for both fuels. The reported HC speciation information can be useful for the development of a robust emission control system.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [3]
  1. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  2. Aramco Research Center, Houston, TX (United States)
  3. Delphi Automotive Systems, LLC, Pittsburgh, PA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1394423
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-00OR22725
Resource Type:
Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
SAE International Journal of Engines (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 10; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 1946-3944
Publisher:
SAE International
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION

Citation Formats

Storey, John, Lewis, Samuel, Moses-DeBusk, Melanie, Connatser, Raynella, Lee, Jong, Tzanetakis, Tom, Cho, Kukwon, Lorey, Matthew, and Sellnau, Mark. Characterization of Hydrocarbon Emissions from Gasoline Direct-Injection Compression Ignition Engine Operating on a Higher Reactivity Gasoline Fuel. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.4271/2017-01-0747.
Storey, John, Lewis, Samuel, Moses-DeBusk, Melanie, Connatser, Raynella, Lee, Jong, Tzanetakis, Tom, Cho, Kukwon, Lorey, Matthew, & Sellnau, Mark. Characterization of Hydrocarbon Emissions from Gasoline Direct-Injection Compression Ignition Engine Operating on a Higher Reactivity Gasoline Fuel. United States. https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-0747
Storey, John, Lewis, Samuel, Moses-DeBusk, Melanie, Connatser, Raynella, Lee, Jong, Tzanetakis, Tom, Cho, Kukwon, Lorey, Matthew, and Sellnau, Mark. 2017. "Characterization of Hydrocarbon Emissions from Gasoline Direct-Injection Compression Ignition Engine Operating on a Higher Reactivity Gasoline Fuel". United States. https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-0747. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1394423.
@article{osti_1394423,
title = {Characterization of Hydrocarbon Emissions from Gasoline Direct-Injection Compression Ignition Engine Operating on a Higher Reactivity Gasoline Fuel},
author = {Storey, John and Lewis, Samuel and Moses-DeBusk, Melanie and Connatser, Raynella and Lee, Jong and Tzanetakis, Tom and Cho, Kukwon and Lorey, Matthew and Sellnau, Mark},
abstractNote = {Low temperature combustion engine technologies are being investigated for high efficiency and low emissions. However, such engine technologies often produce higher engine-out hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions, and their operating range is limited by the fuel properties. In this study, two different fuels, a US market gasoline containing 10% ethanol (RON 92 E10) and a higher reactivity gasoline (RON 80 E0), were compared on a Delphi’s second generation Gasoline Direct-Injection Compression Ignition (Gen 2.0 GDCI) multi-cylinder engine. The engine was evaluated at three operating points ranging from a light load condition (800 rpm/2 bar IMEPg) to medium load conditions (1500 rpm/6 bar and 2000 rpm/10 bar IMEPg). The engine was equipped with two oxidation catalysts, between which was located the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) inlet. Samples were taken at engine-out, between the catalysts, and at tailpipe locations. In addition, part of the raw exhaust was diluted and sampled for HC speciation. Canisters and sorbent membranes were used to collect volatile HCs and semi-volatile HCs, respectively. Di-nitrophenyl hydrazine (DNPH) cartridges were also used for collecting oxygenated species. Results showed overall lower HC emissions with the RON 80 E0 fuel compared to the RON 92 E10 fuel. For both fuels, the percentage of aromatic HCs was higher in the exhaust than in the fuels themselves. High engine-out aldehyde and ketone emissions were observed for both fuels. The reported HC speciation information can be useful for the development of a robust emission control system.},
doi = {10.4271/2017-01-0747},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1394423}, journal = {SAE International Journal of Engines (Online)},
issn = {1946-3944},
number = 4,
volume = 10,
place = {United States},
year = {Sun Feb 05 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Sun Feb 05 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}