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Title: National Plug-In Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Analysis

Abstract

This document describes a study conducted by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory quantifying the charging station infrastructure required to serve the growing U.S. fleet of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs). PEV sales, which include plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and battery electric vehicles (BEVs), have surged recently. Most PEV charging occurs at home, but widespread PEV adoption will require the development of a national network of non-residential charging stations. Installation of these stations strategically would maximize the economic viability of early stations while enabling efficient network growth as the PEV market matures. This document describes what effective co-evolution of the PEV fleet and charging infrastructure might look like under a range of scenarios. To develop the roadmap, NREL analyzed PEV charging requirements along interstate corridors and within urban and rural communities. The results suggest that a few hundred corridor fast-charging stations could enable long-distance BEV travel between U.S. cities. Compared to interstate corridors, urban and rural communities are expected to have significantly larger charging infrastructure requirements. About 8,000 fast-charging stations would be required to provide a minimum level of coverage nationwide. In an expanding PEV market, the total number of non-residential charging outlets or 'plugs' required to meet demand ranges frommore » around 100,000 to more than 1.2 million. Understanding what drives this large range in capacity requirements is critical. For example, whether consumers prefer long-range or short-range PEVs has a larger effect on plug requirements than does the total number of PEVs on the road. The relative success of PHEVs versus BEVs also has a major impact, as does the number of PHEVs that charge away from home. This study shows how important it is to understand consumer preferences and driving behaviors when planning charging networks.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1]
  1. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V)
OSTI Identifier:
1393792
Report Number(s):
NREL/TP-5400-69031; DOE/GO-102017-5040
DOE Contract Number:  
AC36-08GO28308
Resource Type:
Technical Report
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS; electric vehicle supply equipment; EVSE; electric vehicle charging equipment; electric vehicle chargers; electric vehicle charging infrastructure; plug-in hybrid electric vehicles; PHEV; electric vehicles; EV; all-electric vehicles

Citation Formats

Wood, Eric W., Rames, Clement L., Muratori, Matteo, Srinivasa Raghavan, Seshadri, and Melaina, Marc W. National Plug-In Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Analysis. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.2172/1393792.
Wood, Eric W., Rames, Clement L., Muratori, Matteo, Srinivasa Raghavan, Seshadri, & Melaina, Marc W. National Plug-In Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Analysis. United States. https://doi.org/10.2172/1393792
Wood, Eric W., Rames, Clement L., Muratori, Matteo, Srinivasa Raghavan, Seshadri, and Melaina, Marc W. 2017. "National Plug-In Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Analysis". United States. https://doi.org/10.2172/1393792. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1393792.
@article{osti_1393792,
title = {National Plug-In Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Analysis},
author = {Wood, Eric W. and Rames, Clement L. and Muratori, Matteo and Srinivasa Raghavan, Seshadri and Melaina, Marc W.},
abstractNote = {This document describes a study conducted by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory quantifying the charging station infrastructure required to serve the growing U.S. fleet of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs). PEV sales, which include plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and battery electric vehicles (BEVs), have surged recently. Most PEV charging occurs at home, but widespread PEV adoption will require the development of a national network of non-residential charging stations. Installation of these stations strategically would maximize the economic viability of early stations while enabling efficient network growth as the PEV market matures. This document describes what effective co-evolution of the PEV fleet and charging infrastructure might look like under a range of scenarios. To develop the roadmap, NREL analyzed PEV charging requirements along interstate corridors and within urban and rural communities. The results suggest that a few hundred corridor fast-charging stations could enable long-distance BEV travel between U.S. cities. Compared to interstate corridors, urban and rural communities are expected to have significantly larger charging infrastructure requirements. About 8,000 fast-charging stations would be required to provide a minimum level of coverage nationwide. In an expanding PEV market, the total number of non-residential charging outlets or 'plugs' required to meet demand ranges from around 100,000 to more than 1.2 million. Understanding what drives this large range in capacity requirements is critical. For example, whether consumers prefer long-range or short-range PEVs has a larger effect on plug requirements than does the total number of PEVs on the road. The relative success of PHEVs versus BEVs also has a major impact, as does the number of PHEVs that charge away from home. This study shows how important it is to understand consumer preferences and driving behaviors when planning charging networks.},
doi = {10.2172/1393792},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1393792}, journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Sep 15 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Fri Sep 15 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}