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Title: Microbial Community Structure and the Persistence of Cyanobacterial Populations in Salt Crusts of the Hyperarid Atacama Desert from Genome-Resolved Metagenomics

Journal Article · · Frontiers in Microbiology
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [4];  [1];  [5]
  1. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management
  2. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences
  3. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management; Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Ecology Department, Earth Sciences Division
  4. Universidad Catolica del Norte, Antofagasta (Chile). Centro de Biotecnologia
  5. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences

Although once thought to be devoid of biology, recent studies have identified salt deposits as oases for life in the hyperarid Atacama Desert. To examine spatial patterns of microbial species and key nutrient sources, we genomically characterized 26 salt crusts from three sites along a fog gradient. The communities are dominated by a large variety of Halobacteriales and Bacteroidetes, plus a few algal and Cyanobacterial species. CRISPR locus analysis suggests the distribution of a single Cyanobacterial population among all sites. This is in stark contrast to the extremely high sample specificity of most other community members. Only present at the highest moisture site is a genomically characterized Thermoplasmatales archaeon (Marine Group II) and six Nanohaloarchaea, one of which is represented by a complete genome. Parcubacteria (OD1) and Saccharibacteria (TM7), not previously reported from hypersaline environments, were found at low abundances. We found no indication of a N2 fixation pathway in the communities, suggesting acquisition of bioavailable nitrogen from atmospherically derived nitrate. Samples cluster by site based on bacterial and archaeal abundance patterns and photosynthetic capacity decreases with increasing distance from the ocean. We conclude that moisture level, controlled by coastal fog intensity, is the strongest driver of community membership.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC52-07NA27344; AC02-05CH11231
OSTI ID:
1393344
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1408450
Report Number(s):
LLNL-JRNL-706877
Journal Information:
Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 8; ISSN 1664-302X
Publisher:
Frontiers Research FoundationCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 46 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (12)

Active microbiome structure and its association with environmental factors and viruses at different aquatic sites of a high‐altitude wetland journal May 2018
Lithobiontic life: “Atacama rocks are well and alive” journal February 2018
Halophilic microbial community compositional shift after a rare rainfall in the Atacama Desert journal July 2019
Transitory microbial habitat in the hyperarid Atacama Desert journal February 2018
Fundamental drivers for endolithic microbial community assemblies in the hyperarid Atacama Desert: Desert Endolithic Microbial Communities journal April 2018
Regulatory Noncoding Small RNAs Are Diverse and Abundant in an Extremophilic Microbial Community journal February 2020
Rare calcium chloride–rich soil and implications for the existence of liquid water in a hyperarid environment journal January 2019
Living at the Frontiers of Life: Extremophiles in Chile and Their Potential for Bioremediation journal October 2018
Applying Genome-Resolved Metagenomics to Deconvolute the Halophilic Microbiome journal March 2019
Metagenomic Insights into the Phylogenetic and Metabolic Diversity of the Prokaryotic Community Dwelling in Hypersaline Soils from the Odiel Saltmarshes (SW Spain) journal March 2018
Metagenomics of Atacama Lithobiontic Extremophile Life Unveils Highlights on Fungal Communities, Biogeochemical Cycles and Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes journal November 2019
Cellular life from the three domains and viruses are transcriptionally active in a hypersaline desert community journal May 2020