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Title: Effect of hydrocarbon adsorption on the wettability of rare earth oxide ceramics

Journal Article · · Applied Physics Letters
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4886410· OSTI ID:1387184
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [1]
  1. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
  2. Bell Labs Ireland, Dublin (Ireland). Thermal Management Research Group, Efficient Energy Transfer (gET) Dept.

Vapor condensation is routinely used as an effective means of transferring heat, with dropwise condensation exhibiting a 5-7x heat transfer improvement compared to filmwise condensation. However, state-of-the-art techniques to promote dropwise condensation rely on functional hydrophobic coatings, which are often not robust and therefore undesirable for industrial implementation. Natural surface contamination due to hydrocarbon adsorption, particularly on noble metals, has been explored as an alternative approach to realize stable dropwise condensing surfaces. While noble metals are prohibitively expensive, the recent discovery of robust rare earth oxide (REO) hydrophobicity has generated interest for dropwise condensation applications due to material costs approaching 1% of gold; however, the underlying mechanism of REO hydrophobicity remains under debate. In this work, we show through careful experiments and modeling that REO hydrophobicity occurs due to the same hydrocarbon adsorption mechanism seen previously on noble metals. To investigate adsorption dynamics, we studied holmia and ceria REOs, along with control samples of gold and silica, via X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and dynamic time-resolved contact angle measurements. The contact angle and surface carbon percent started at ≈0 on in-situ argon-plasma-cleaned samples and increased asymptotically over time after exposure to laboratory air, with the rare earth oxides displaying hydrophobic (>90°) advancing contact angle behavior at long times (>4 days). The results indicate that REOs are in fact hydrophilic when clean and become hydrophobic due to hydrocarbon adsorption. Furthermore, this study provides insight into how REOs can be used to promote stable dropwise condensation, which is important for the development of enhanced phase change surfaces.

Research Organization:
Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Solid-State Solar-Thermal Energy Conversion Center (S3TEC)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0001299; FG02-09ER46577
OSTI ID:
1387184
Journal Information:
Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 1; Related Information: S3TEC partners with Massachusetts Institute of Technology (lead); Boston College; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; ISSN 0003-6951
Publisher:
American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 125 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Crystallographic orientation–surface energy–wetting property relationships of rare earth oxides journal January 2018
Review of Micro–Nanoscale Surface Coatings Application for Sustaining Dropwise Condensation journal February 2019
Role of surface oxygen-to-metal ratio on the wettability of rare-earth oxides journal February 2015
Nanoengineered materials for liquid–vapour phase-change heat transfer journal December 2016
Intrinsic hydrophilic nature of epitaxial thin-film of rare-earth oxide grown by pulsed laser deposition journal January 2018
Dropwise condensation on solid hydrophilic surfaces journal January 2020
Surface chemistry of rare-earth oxide surfaces at ambient conditions: reactions with water and hydrocarbons journal March 2017
Ultraporous superhydrophobic gas-permeable nano-layers by scalable solvent-free one-step self-assembly journal January 2016
Enhanced Capillary-Fed Boiling in Copper Inverse Opals via Template Sintering journal August 2018
Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Hierarchical Surfaces by Square Pulse Electrodeposition: Copper‐Based Layers on Gold/Silicon (100) Substrates journal April 2019
Development of automated angle-scanning, high-speed surface plasmon resonance imaging and SPRi visualization for the study of dropwise condensation journal December 2019
Surface chemistry of rare-earth oxide surfaces at ambient conditions: Reactions with water and hydrocarbons text January 2017
Multilayer Network Membranes Based on Evenly Dispersed Nanofibers/Co 3 O 4 Nanoneedles for High-Efficiency Separation of Micrometer-Scale Oil/Water Emulsions journal September 2018
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