Quantitative Analysis of the Morphology of {101} and {001} Faceted Anatase TiO2 Nanocrystals and Its Implication on Photocatalytic Activity

Liu, Jue; Olds, Daniel; Peng, Rui; Yu, Lei; Foo, Guo Shiou; Qian, Shuo; Keum, Jong; Guiton, Beth S.; Wu, Zili; Page, Katharine

doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b01172

Title: Quantitative Analysis of the Morphology of {101} and {001} Faceted Anatase TiO₂ Nanocrystals and Its Implication on Photocatalytic Activity

Journal Article · Wed Jun 14 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Chemistry of Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b01172· OSTI ID:1376372

^[1]; Olds, Daniel ^[1]; Peng, Rui ^[1]; Yu, Lei ^[2]; Foo, Guo Shiou ^[1];

^[1]; Keum, Jong ^[1];

^[2];

^[1];

^[1]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (United States)

The atomistic structure and morphology (shape and size) of nanomaterials have strong influences on their physical and chemical properties. However, many characterization techniques focus exclusively on one length-scale regime or another when developing quantitative morphology/structural models. In this article, we demonstrate that powder X-ray diffraction and neutron pair distribution function (PDF) can be used to obtain accurate average morphology and atomistic structure of {001} and {101} faceted anatase TiO₂ nanocrystals based on differential evolution refinements using Debye scattering equation calculations. It is also demonstrated that the morphology polydispersity of TiO₂ nanocrystals can be effectively obtained from the diffraction data via a numerical refinement routine. The morphology refinement results are in good agreement with those from transmission electron microscopy and the modeling of small angle neutron scattering data. This method is successfully used to quantify the facet-specified photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of anatase TiO₂ nanocrystals with different {001} to {101} ratios. It is found that the sample with an intermediate amount of both {001} and {101} facets shows the best photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity. As a result, it is expected that the simultaneous structure and morphology refinement technique can be generally used to study the relationship between morphology and functionality of nanomaterials.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1376372

Journal Information:: Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 13; ISSN 0897-4756

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Quantitative Analysis of the Morphology of {101} and {001} Faceted Anatase TiO₂ Nanocrystals and Its Implication on Photocatalytic Activity