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Title: Assessing alcohol intake & its dose-dependent effects on liver enzymes by 24-h recall and questionnaire using NHANES 2001-2010 data

Abstract

Alcohol is a significant component of the diet with dose-dependent risks and benefits. High doses of alcohol damage the liver and early symptoms of liver disease include changes in routinely assessed liver enzymes. Less is known regarding the mechanisms responsible for the benefits of moderate alcohol consumption, including their effects on the liver. The objectives of this study were to examine alcohol’s dose-dependent effects on markers of liver function (alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), and bilirubin), as well as to compare the different methods of assessing alcohol intake using NHANES 2001–2010 adult data (N =24,807). Three methods were used to estimate alcohol intake from all volunteers: 24-h recall; the National Cancer Institute (NCI) method of usual intake; and a specific alcohol intake questionnaire. Mean alcohol intake by 24-h recall, NCI method and questionnaire was 41.0 ± 0.8 g/d, 10.9 ± 0.2 g/d and 11.0 ± 0.2 g/d, respectively. Alcohol consumers had significantly lower levels of ALP and higher levels of AST, GGT and bilirubin compared to non-consumers (P < 0.01) and activities of ALT, AST, and GGT increased and of ALP decreased as alcohol intake increased, regardless of intake assessment method used.more » The most sensitive measure of alcohol consumption was GGT. Since alcohol had a graded linear effect on several liver enzymes, including at low and moderate doses, benefits as well as risks of alcohol intake may be related to liver function. In conclusion, since the NCI method and alcohol questionnaire yielded very similar alcohol intake estimates, this study cross-validated these methods and demonstrated the robustness of the NCI method for estimating intake of irregularly consumed foods.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3]
  1. Oak Ridge Inst. for Science and Education (ORISE), Belcamp, MD (United States)
  2. Oak Ridge Inst. for Science and Education (ORISE), Belcamp, MD (United States); Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, MD (United States)
  3. U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE; US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine
OSTI Identifier:
1375951
Resource Type:
Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Nutrition Journal
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 15; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1475-2891
Publisher:
BioMed Central
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES; Alkaline phosphatase; Alanine aminotransferase; Aspartate aminotransferase; Gamma glutamyl; transferase; Bilirubin; NCI method

Citation Formats

Agarwal, Sanjiv, Fulgoni, III, Victor L., and Lieberman, Harris R. Assessing alcohol intake & its dose-dependent effects on liver enzymes by 24-h recall and questionnaire using NHANES 2001-2010 data. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1186/s12937-016-0180-y.
Agarwal, Sanjiv, Fulgoni, III, Victor L., & Lieberman, Harris R. Assessing alcohol intake & its dose-dependent effects on liver enzymes by 24-h recall and questionnaire using NHANES 2001-2010 data. United States. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-016-0180-y
Agarwal, Sanjiv, Fulgoni, III, Victor L., and Lieberman, Harris R. 2016. "Assessing alcohol intake & its dose-dependent effects on liver enzymes by 24-h recall and questionnaire using NHANES 2001-2010 data". United States. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-016-0180-y. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1375951.
@article{osti_1375951,
title = {Assessing alcohol intake & its dose-dependent effects on liver enzymes by 24-h recall and questionnaire using NHANES 2001-2010 data},
author = {Agarwal, Sanjiv and Fulgoni, III, Victor L. and Lieberman, Harris R.},
abstractNote = {Alcohol is a significant component of the diet with dose-dependent risks and benefits. High doses of alcohol damage the liver and early symptoms of liver disease include changes in routinely assessed liver enzymes. Less is known regarding the mechanisms responsible for the benefits of moderate alcohol consumption, including their effects on the liver. The objectives of this study were to examine alcohol’s dose-dependent effects on markers of liver function (alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), and bilirubin), as well as to compare the different methods of assessing alcohol intake using NHANES 2001–2010 adult data (N =24,807). Three methods were used to estimate alcohol intake from all volunteers: 24-h recall; the National Cancer Institute (NCI) method of usual intake; and a specific alcohol intake questionnaire. Mean alcohol intake by 24-h recall, NCI method and questionnaire was 41.0 ± 0.8 g/d, 10.9 ± 0.2 g/d and 11.0 ± 0.2 g/d, respectively. Alcohol consumers had significantly lower levels of ALP and higher levels of AST, GGT and bilirubin compared to non-consumers (P < 0.01) and activities of ALT, AST, and GGT increased and of ALP decreased as alcohol intake increased, regardless of intake assessment method used. The most sensitive measure of alcohol consumption was GGT. Since alcohol had a graded linear effect on several liver enzymes, including at low and moderate doses, benefits as well as risks of alcohol intake may be related to liver function. In conclusion, since the NCI method and alcohol questionnaire yielded very similar alcohol intake estimates, this study cross-validated these methods and demonstrated the robustness of the NCI method for estimating intake of irregularly consumed foods.},
doi = {10.1186/s12937-016-0180-y},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1375951}, journal = {Nutrition Journal},
issn = {1475-2891},
number = 1,
volume = 15,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jun 22 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Wed Jun 22 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}

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Cited by: 16 works
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Works referencing / citing this record:

A Prospective Study of Alcohol Use Patterns and Short‐Term Weight Change in College Freshmen
journal, April 2019


Biomarker and Genomic Risk Factors for Liver Function Test Abnormality in Hazardous Drinkers
journal, January 2019