The origin and evolution of human glutaminases and their atypical C-terminal ankyrin repeats

Pasquali, Camila Cristina; Islam, Zeyaul; Adamoski, Douglas; Ferreira, Igor Monteze; Righeto, Ricardo Diogo; Bettini, Jefferson; Portugal, Rodrigo Villares; Yue, Wyatt Wai-yin; Gonzalez, Ana; Dias, Sandra Martha Gomes; Ambrosio, Andre Luis Berteli

doi:10.1074/jbc.M117.787291

Title: The origin and evolution of human glutaminases and their atypical C-terminal ankyrin repeats

Journal Article · Fri May 19 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Journal of Biological Chemistry

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M117.787291· OSTI ID:1374373

Pasquali, Camila Cristina ^[1]; Islam, Zeyaul ^[1]; Adamoski, Douglas ^[1]; Ferreira, Igor Monteze ^[2]; Righeto, Ricardo Diogo ^[3]; Bettini, Jefferson ^[3]; Portugal, Rodrigo Villares ^[3]; Yue, Wyatt Wai-yin ^[4]; Gonzalez, Ana ^[5]; Dias, Sandra Martha Gomes ^[1]; Ambrosio, Andre Luis Berteli ^[1]

National Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Sao Paulo (Brazil). National Lab. of Biosciences
National Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Sao Paulo (Brazil). National Lab. of Biosciences; Univ. of Oxford (United Kingdom). Structural Genomics Consortium
National Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Sao Paulo (Brazil). National Lab. of Nanotechnologies
Univ. of Oxford (United Kingdom). Structural Genomics Consortium
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource

On the basis of tissue-specific enzyme activity and inhibition by catalytic products, Hans Krebs first demonstrated the existence of multiple glutaminases in mammals. Currently, two human genes are known to encode at least four glutaminase isoforms. But, the phylogeny of these medically relevant enzymes remains unclear, prompting us to investigate their origin and evolution. Using prokaryotic and eukaryotic glutaminase sequences, we built a phylogenetic tree whose topology suggested that the multidomain architecture was inherited from bacterial ancestors, probably simultaneously with the hosting of the proto-mitochondrion endosymbiont. We propose an evolutionary model wherein the appearance of the most active enzyme isoform, glutaminase C (GAC), which is expressed in many cancers, was a late retrotransposition event that occurred in fishes from the Chondrichthyes class. The ankyrin (ANK) repeats in the glutaminases were acquired early in their evolution. In order to obtain information on ANK folding, we solved two high-resolution structures of the ANK repeat-containing C termini of both kidney-type glutaminase (KGA) and GLS2 isoforms (glutaminase B and liver-type glutaminase). We also found that the glutaminase ANK repeats form unique intramolecular contacts through two highly conserved motifs; curiously, this arrangement occludes a region usually involved in ANK-mediated protein-protein interactions. We also solved the crystal structure of full-length KGA and present a small-angle X-ray scattering model for full-length GLS2. These structures explain these proteins' compromised ability to assemble into catalytically active supra-tetrameric filaments, as previously shown for GAC. Collectively, these results provide information about glutaminases that may aid in the design of isoform-specific glutaminase inhibitors.

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Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515; 2014/20673–2; 2015/25832–4; 2014/19518–2; 2014/12663–7; 2014/17820–3; 2013/05668–0

OSTI ID:: 1374373

Journal Information:: Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 292, Issue 27; ISSN 0021-9258

Publisher:: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 14 works

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