Investigation of Thermal Stability of P2–NaxCoO2 Cathode Materials for Sodium Ion Batteries Using Real-Time Electron Microscopy

Hwang, Sooyeon; Lee, Yongho; Jo, Eunmi; Chung, Kyung Yoon; Choi, Wonchang; Kim, Seung Min; Chang, Wonyoung

doi:10.1021/acsami.7b04478

Title: Investigation of Thermal Stability of P2–Na_xCoO₂ Cathode Materials for Sodium Ion Batteries Using Real-Time Electron Microscopy

Journal Article · Thu May 11 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b04478· OSTI ID:1368663

Hwang, Sooyeon ^[1]; Lee, Yongho ^[1]; Jo, Eunmi ^[1]; Chung, Kyung Yoon ^[1]; Choi, Wonchang ^[1]; Kim, Seung Min ^[2];

^[1]

Korea Inst. of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul (Korea, Republic of). Center for Energy Convergence
KIST Jeonbuk Inst. of Advanced Composite Materials, Chudong (Korea, Republic of). Carbon Composite Materials Research Centre

In this paper, we take advantage of in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to investigate the thermal stability of P2-type Na_xCoO₂ cathode materials for sodium ion batteries, which are promising candidates for next-generation lithium ion batteries. A double-tilt TEM heating holder was used to directly characterize the changes in the morphology and the crystallographic and electronic structures of the materials with increase in temperature. The electron diffraction patterns and the electron energy loss spectra demonstrated the presence of cobalt oxides (Co₃O₄, CoO) and even metallic cobalt (Co) at higher temperatures as a result of reduction of Co ions and loss of oxygen. The bright-field TEM images revealed that the surface of Na_xCoO₂ becomes porous at high temperatures. Higher cutoff voltages result in degrading thermal stability of Na_xCoO₂. Finally, the observations herein provide a valuable insight that thermal stability is one of the important factors to be considered in addition to the electrochemical properties when developing new electrode materials for novel battery systems.

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Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Korea Inst. of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); Korea Inst. of Science and Technology (KIST) (Korea, Republic of)

Contributing Organization:: KIST Jeonbuk Inst. of Advanced Composite Materials, Chudong (Korea, Republic of)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704; 2E27062; 2E27090

OSTI ID:: 1368663

Report Number(s):: BNL-113970-2017-JA; R&D Project: 16060; 16060; KC0403020; TRN: US1701988

Journal Information:: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, Vol. 9, Issue 22; ISSN 1944-8244

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 41 works

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Challenges in Developing Electrodes, Electrolytes, and Diagnostics Tools to Understand and Advance Sodium-Ion Batteries Xu, Gui-Liang; Amine, Rachid; Abouimrane, Ali Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201702403	journal	February 2018
A heterobimetallic single-source precursor enabled layered oxide cathode for sodium-ion batteries Li, Maofan; Yang, Kai; Liu, Jiajie Chemical Communications, Vol. 54, Issue 76 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cc04205e	journal	January 2018
NaV3O8 with superior rate capability and cycle stability as cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries Cao, Xiaoyu; Yang, Qi; Zhu, Limin Ionics, Vol. 24, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-018-2477-7	journal	February 2018
A 3D flower-like VO ₂ /MXene hybrid architecture with superior anode performance for sodium ion batteries Wu, Feng; Jiang, Ying; Ye, Zhengqing Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta11419f	journal	January 2019
Smoothing the Surface and Improving the Electrochemical Properties of NaxMnO2 by a Wet Chemical Method Zhao, Siliang; Lin, Zhiping; Wu, Fugen Nanomaterials, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10020246	journal	January 2020
Structure and electrochemical properties of layered sodium manganese oxide Na _x MnO ₂ lin, Zhiping; Zhao, Siliang; Wu, Fugen Materials Research Express, Vol. 6, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab2e4e	journal	July 2019

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29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY
cathode materials
in situ heating
NaCoO2
sodium ion batteries
thermal stability
transmission electron microscopy

Title: Investigation of Thermal Stability of P2–NaxCoO2 Cathode Materials for Sodium Ion Batteries Using Real-Time Electron Microscopy

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Title: Investigation of Thermal Stability of P2–Na_xCoO₂ Cathode Materials for Sodium Ion Batteries Using Real-Time Electron Microscopy