Atomistic three-dimensional coherent x-ray imaging of nonbiological systems

Ho, Phay J.; Knight, Chris; Tegze, Miklos; Faigel, Gyula; Bostedt, C.; Young, L.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.94.063823

Title: Atomistic three-dimensional coherent x-ray imaging of nonbiological systems

Journal Article · Mon Dec 12 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Physical Review A

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.94.063823· OSTI ID:1368073

Ho, Phay J. ^[1]; Knight, Chris ^[2]; Tegze, Miklos ^[3]; Faigel, Gyula ^[3]; Bostedt, C. ^[4]; Young, L. ^[5]

Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Leadership Computing Facility
Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest (Hungary). Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Inst. for Solid State Physics and Optics
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States). Dept. of Physics
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States). James Franck Inst., Dept. of Physics

We computationally study the resolution limits for three-dimensional coherent x-ray diffractive imaging of heavy, nonbiological systems using Ar clusters as a prototype. We treat electronic and nuclear dynamics on an equal footing and remove the frozen-lattice approximation often used in electronic damage studies. We explore the achievable resolution as a function of pulse parameters (fluence level, pulse duration, and photon energy) and particle size. The contribution of combined lattice and electron dynamics is not negligible even for 2 fs pulses, and the Compton scattering is less deleterious than in biological systems for atomic-scale imaging. Although free-electron scattering represents a significant background, we find that recovery of the original structure is in principle possible with 3 angstrom resolution for particles of 11 nm diameter.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

View Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Research Development and Innovation Office of Hungary (NKFIH)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; K115504

OSTI ID:: 1368073

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1335197

Journal Information:: Physical Review A, Vol. 94, Issue 6; ISSN 2469-9926

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 14 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (73)

Single mimivirus particles intercepted and imaged with an X-ray laser Seibert, M. Marvin; Ekeberg, Tomas; Maia, Filipe R. N. C. Nature, Vol. 470, Issue 7332 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09748	journal	February 2011
Linac Coherent Light Source: The first five years Bostedt, Christoph; Boutet, Sébastien; Fritz, David M. Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 88, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.88.015007	journal	March 2016
Ultraintense X-Ray Induced Ionization, Dissociation, and Frustrated Absorption in Molecular Nitrogen Hoener, M.; Fang, L.; Kornilov, O. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 104, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.253002	journal	June 2010
Clusters in the XFEL beam Faigel, G.; Jurek, Z.; Oszlanyi, G. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 401, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2005.01.061	journal	September 2005
Ultrafast X-Ray Scattering of Xenon Nanoparticles: Imaging Transient States of Matter Bostedt, C.; Eremina, E.; Rupp, D. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.093401	journal	February 2012
Architecture of the synaptotagmin–SNARE machinery for neuronal exocytosis Zhou, Qiangjun; Lai, Ying; Bacaj, Taulant Nature, Vol. 525, Issue 7567 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14975	journal	August 2015
Pulse requirements for x-ray diffraction imaging of single biological molecules Hau-Riege, Stefan P.; London, Richard A.; Huldt, Gosta Physical Review E, Vol. 71, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.71.061919	journal	June 2005
Atomic inner-shell laser at 1.5-ångström wavelength pumped by an X-ray free-electron laser Yoneda, Hitoki; Inubushi, Yuichi; Nagamine, Kazunori Nature, Vol. 524, Issue 7566 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14894	journal	August 2015
Classification of continuous diffraction patterns: A numerical study Bortel, G.; Faigel, G. Journal of Structural Biology, Vol. 158, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsb.2006.10.018	journal	April 2007
Classification and averaging of random orientation single macromolecular diffraction patterns at atomic resolution Bortel, G.; Faigel, G.; Tegze, M. Journal of Structural Biology, Vol. 166, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsb.2009.01.005	journal	May 2009
Nanoplasma Formation by High Intensity Hard X-rays Tachibana, T.; Jurek, Z.; Fukuzawa, H. Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep10977	journal	June 2015
Femtosecond and nanometre visualization of structural dynamics in superheated nanoparticles Gorkhover, Tais; Schorb, Sebastian; Coffee, Ryan Nature Photonics, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2015.264	journal	January 2016
High-Resolution Protein Structure Determination by Serial Femtosecond Crystallography Boutet, S.; Lomb, L.; Williams, G. J. Science, Vol. 337, Issue 6092 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1217737	journal	May 2012
Dynamics of biological molecules irradiated by short x-ray pulses Hau-Riege, Stefan P.; London, Richard A.; Szoke, Abraham Physical Review E, Vol. 69, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.69.051906	journal	May 2004
Sacrificial Tamper Slows Down Sample Explosion in FLASH Diffraction Experiments Hau-Riege, Stefan P.; Boutet, Sébastien; Barty, Anton Physical Review Letters, Vol. 104, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.064801	journal	February 2010
X-Ray Second Harmonic Generation Shwartz, S.; Fuchs, M.; Hastings, J. B. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.163901	journal	April 2014
Femtosecond X-ray protein nanocrystallography Chapman, Henry N.; Fromme, Petra; Barty, Anton Nature, Vol. 470, Issue 7332, p. 73-77 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09750	journal	February 2011
A comprehensive simulation framework for imaging single particles and biomolecules at the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser Yoon, Chun Hong; Yurkov, Mikhail V.; Schneidmiller, Evgeny A. Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep24791	journal	April 2016
Nonlinear Atomic Response to Intense Ultrashort X Rays Doumy, G.; Roedig, C.; Son, S. -K. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.083002	journal	February 2011
Elements of Modern X-ray Physics Als-Nielsen, Jens; McMorrow, Des https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119998365	book	March 2011
Stimulated X-ray emission for materials science Beye, M.; Schreck, S.; Sorgenfrei, F. Nature, Vol. 501, Issue 7466 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12449	journal	August 2013
Modelling dynamics of samples exposed to free-electron-laser radiation with Boltzmann equations Ziaja, B.; de Castro, A. R. B.; Weckert, E. The European Physical Journal D, Vol. 40, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2006-00240-x	journal	November 2006
Relaxed averaged alternating reflections for diffraction imaging Luke, D. Russell Inverse Problems, Vol. 21, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0266-5611/21/1/004	journal	November 2004
Difference in X-ray scattering between metallic and non-metallic liquids due to conduction electrons Chihara, J. Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0305-4608/17/2/002	journal	February 1987
Towards Realistic Simulations of Macromolecules Irradiated under the Conditions of Coherent Diffraction Imaging with an X-ray Free-Electron Laser Ziaja, Beata; Jurek, Zoltan; Medvedev, Nikita Photonics, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics2010256	journal	March 2015
Incoherent x-ray scattering in single molecule imaging Slowik, J. M.; Son, S-K; Dixit, G. New Journal of Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/16/7/073042	journal	July 2014
Quantum theory of Thomson scattering Crowley, B. J. B.; Gregori, G. High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 13 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2014.08.002	journal	December 2014
Transient lattice contraction in the solid-to-plasma transition Ferguson, Ken R.; Bucher, Maximilian; Gorkhover, Tais Science Advances, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1500837	journal	January 2016
Polyelemental nanoparticle libraries Chen, P. -C.; Liu, X.; Hedrick, J. L. Science, Vol. 352, Issue 6293 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf8402	journal	June 2016
Structure from fleeting illumination of faint spinning objects in flight Fung, Russell; Shneerson, Valentin; Saldin, Dilano K. Nature Physics, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1129	journal	November 2008
Atomic form factors, incoherent scattering functions, and photon scattering cross sections Hubbell, J. H.; Veigele, Wm. J.; Briggs, E. A. Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, Vol. 4, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555523	journal	July 1975
Potential for biomolecular imaging with femtosecond X-ray pulses Neutze, Richard; Wouts, Remco; van der Spoel, David Nature, Vol. 406, Issue 6797 https://doi.org/10.1038/35021099	journal	August 2000
Structural Basis for Molecular Recognition at Serotonin Receptors Wang, C.; Jiang, Y.; Ma, J. Science, Vol. 340, Issue 6132 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1232807	journal	March 2013
Direct Measurements of the Ionization Potential Depression in a Dense Plasma Ciricosta, O.; Vinko, S. M.; Chung, H. -K. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.065002	journal	August 2012
Über die Streuung von Strahlung durch freie Elektronen nach der neuen relativistischen Quantendynamik von Dirac Klein, O.; Nishina, Y. Zeitschrift für Physik, Vol. 52, Issue 11-12 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01366453	journal	November 1929
X-ray image reconstruction from a diffraction pattern alone Marchesini, S.; He, H.; Chapman, H. N. Physical Review B, Vol. 68, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.68.140101	journal	October 2003
Size-Dependent Ultrafast Ionization Dynamics of Nanoscale Samples in Intense Femtosecond X-Ray Free-Electron-Laser Pulses Schorb, Sebastian; Rupp, Daniela; Swiggers, Michelle L. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.233401	journal	June 2012
Self-terminating diffraction gates femtosecond X-ray nanocrystallography measurements Barty, Anton; Caleman, Carl; Aquila, Andrew Nature Photonics, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2011.297	journal	December 2011
On the Feasibility of Nanocrystal Imaging Using Intense and Ultrashort X-ray Pulses Caleman, Carl; Huldt, Gösta; Maia, Filipe R. N. C. ACS Nano, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/nn1020693	journal	December 2010
Multistep Ionization of Argon Clusters in Intense Femtosecond Extreme Ultraviolet Pulses Bostedt, C.; Thomas, H.; Hoener, M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 100, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.133401	journal	April 2008
Femtosecond X-ray-induced explosion of C60 at extreme intensity Murphy, B. F.; Osipov, T.; Jurek, Z. Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms5281	journal	June 2014
Quantum-Mechanical Calculation of Ionization-Potential Lowering in Dense Plasmas Son, Sang-Kil; Thiele, Robert; Jurek, Zoltan Physical Review X, Vol. 4, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.4.031004	journal	July 2014
Operation of a free-electron laser from the extreme ultraviolet to the water window Ackermann, W.; Asova, G.; Ayvazyan, V. Nature Photonics, Vol. 1, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2007.76	journal	June 2007
A compact X-ray free-electron laser emitting in the sub-ångström region Ishikawa, Tetsuya; Aoyagi, Hideki; Asaka, Takao Nature Photonics, Vol. 6, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2012.141	journal	June 2012
Nanoplasma Dynamics of Single Large Xenon Clusters Irradiated with Superintense X-Ray Pulses from the Linac Coherent Light Source Free-Electron Laser Gorkhover, T.; Adolph, M.; Rupp, D. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.245005	journal	June 2012
Ultra-efficient ionization of heavy atoms by intense X-ray free-electron laser pulses Rudek, Benedikt; Son, Sang-Kil; Foucar, Lutz Nature Photonics, Vol. 6, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2012.261	journal	November 2012
First lasing and operation of an ångstrom-wavelength free-electron laser Emma, P.; Akre, R.; Arthur, J. Nature Photonics, Vol. 4, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2010.176	journal	August 2010
De novo protein crystal structure determination from X-ray free-electron laser data Barends, Thomas R. M.; Foucar, Lutz; Botha, Sabine Nature, Vol. 505, Issue 7482 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12773	journal	November 2013
Molecular structure determination from x-ray scattering patterns of laser-aligned symmetric-top molecules Ho, P. J.; Starodub, D.; Saldin, D. K. The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 131, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3245404	journal	October 2009
Theoretical study of electronic damage in single-particle imaging experiments at x-ray free-electron lasers for pulse durations from 0.1 to 10 fs Gorobtsov, O. Yu.; Lorenz, U.; Kabachnik, N. M. Physical Review E, Vol. 91, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.91.062712	journal	June 2015
Atomically Precise Gold Nanoclusters as New Model Catalysts Li, Gao; Jin, Rongchao Accounts of Chemical Research, Vol. 46, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1021/ar300213z	journal	March 2013
Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of the Giant Mimivirus Particle with an X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Ekeberg, Tomas; Svenda, Martin; Abergel, Chantal Physical Review Letters, Vol. 114, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.098102	journal	March 2015
Interaction of intense laser pulses with atomic clusters Ditmire, T.; Donnelly, T.; Rubenchik, A. M. Physical Review A, Vol. 53, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.53.3379	journal	May 1996
Femtosecond electronic response of atoms to ultra-intense X-rays Young, L.; Kanter, E. P.; Krässig, B. Nature, Vol. 466, Issue 7302 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09177	journal	July 2010
Phase retrieval algorithms: a comparison Fienup, J. R. Applied Optics, Vol. 21, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.21.002758	journal	January 1982
Impact of hollow-atom formation on coherent x-ray scattering at high intensity Son, Sang-Kil; Young, Linda; Santra, Robin Physical Review A, Vol. 83, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.83.033402	journal	March 2011
Imaging biological specimens with high-intensity soft x rays Solem, Johndale C. Journal of the Optical Society of America B, Vol. 3, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.3.001551	journal	January 1986
Diffraction imaging of single particles and biomolecules Huldt, G.; Szőke, A.; Hajdu, J. Journal of Structural Biology, Vol. 144, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsb.2003.09.025	journal	October 2003
Atomically precise metal nanoclusters: stable sizes and optical properties Jin, Rongchao Nanoscale, Vol. 7, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4NR05794E	journal	January 2015
Ionization and charge migration through strong internal fields in clusters exposed to intense x-ray pulses Gnodtke, Christian; Saalmann, Ulf; Rost, Jan M. Physical Review A, Vol. 79, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.79.041201	journal	April 2009
Dynamics in a cluster under the influence of intense femtosecond hard X-ray pulses Jurek, Z.; Faigel, G.; Tegze, M. The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, Vol. 29, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2004-00033-3	journal	May 2004
Saturable absorption of intense hard X-rays in iron Yoneda, Hitoki; Inubushi, Yuichi; Yabashi, Makina Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms6080	journal	October 2014
Ionization of Clusters in Intense Laser Pulses through Collective Electron Dynamics Saalmann, Ulf; Rost, Jan-Michael Physical Review Letters, Vol. 91, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.223401	journal	November 2003
Ultrafast Three-Dimensional Imaging of Lattice Dynamics in Individual Gold Nanocrystals Clark, J. N.; Beitra, L.; Xiong, G. Science, Vol. 341, Issue 6141 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1236034	journal	May 2013
Atomic inner-shell X-ray laser at 1.46 nanometres pumped by an X-ray free-electron laser Rohringer, Nina; Ryan, Duncan; London, Richard A. Nature, Vol. 481, Issue 7382 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10721	journal	January 2012
Reconstruction algorithm for single-particle diffraction imaging experiments Loh, Ne-Te Duane; Elser, Veit Physical Review E, Vol. 80, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.80.026705	journal	August 2009
Charge recombination in soft x-ray laser produced nanoplasmas Hoener, M.; Bostedt, C.; Thomas, H. Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, Vol. 41, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/41/18/181001	journal	September 2008
Biomolecular imaging and electronic damage using X-ray free-electron lasers Quiney, Harry M.; Nugent, Keith A. Nature Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1859	journal	December 2010
Atomic structure of a single large biomolecule from diffraction patterns of random orientations Tegze, Miklós; Bortel, Gábor Journal of Structural Biology, Vol. 179, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsb.2012.04.014	journal	July 2012
The linac coherent light source single particle imaging road map Aquila, A.; Barty, A.; Bostedt, C. Structural Dynamics, Vol. 2, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4918726	journal	July 2015
Macromolecular diffractive imaging using imperfect crystals Ayyer, Kartik; Yefanov, Oleksandr M.; Oberthür, Dominik Nature, Vol. 530, Issue 7589, p. 202-206 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature16949	journal	February 2016
Unveiling and Driving Hidden Resonances with High-Fluence, High-Intensity X-Ray Pulses Kanter, E. P.; Krässig, B.; Li, Y. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 107, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.233001	journal	November 2011
Ionization of Clusters in Strong X-Ray Laser Pulses Saalmann, Ulf; Rost, Jan-Michael Physical Review Letters, Vol. 89, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.143401	journal	September 2002

Cited By (9)

The role of transient resonances for ultra-fast imaging of single sucrose nanoclusters Ho, Phay J.; Daurer, Benedikt J.; Hantke, Max F. Nature Communications, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13905-9	journal	January 2020
Roadmap of ultrafast x-ray atomic and molecular physics Young, Linda; Ueda, Kiyoshi; Gühr, Markus Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, Vol. 51, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6455/aa9735	journal	January 2018
Violation of centrosymmetry in time-resolved coherent x-ray diffraction from rovibrational states of diatomic molecules Shao, Hua-Chieh; Starace, Anthony F. Physical Review A, Vol. 99, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.99.033413	journal	March 2019
Towards the theoretical limitations of X-ray nanocrystallography at high intensity: the validity of the effective-form-factor description Abdullah, Malik Muhammad; Son, Sang-Kil; Jurek, Zoltan IUCrJ, Vol. 5, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1107/s2052252518011442	journal	September 2018
Refinement for single-nanoparticle structure determination from low-quality single-shot coherent diffraction data Nishiyama, Toshiyuki; Niozu, Akinobu; Bostedt, Christoph IUCrJ, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1107/s2052252519014222	journal	January 2020
Incorporating particle symmetry into orientation determination in single-particle imaging Tegze, Miklós; Bortel, Gábor Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances, Vol. 74, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1107/s2053273318008999	journal	August 2018
Roadmap of ultrafast x-ray atomic and molecular physics Young, Linda; Ueda, Kiyoshi; Gühr, Markus Universität Potsdam https://doi.org/10.25932/publishup-42423	text	January 2019
Towards the theoretical limitations of X-ray nanocrystallography at high intensity: the validity of the effective-form-factor description Abdullah, Malik Muhammad; Son, Sang-Kil; Jurek, Zoltan Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg https://doi.org/10.3204/pubdb-2018-03578	text	January 2018
Roadmap of ultrafast x-ray atomic and molecular physics Young, Linda; Ueda, Kiyoshi; Gühr, Markus Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg https://doi.org/10.3204/pubdb-2019-00875	text	January 2018

Similar Records

Impact of hollow-atom formation on coherent x-ray scattering at high intensity

Journal Article · Tue Mar 15 00:00:00 EDT 2011 · Physical Review. A · OSTI ID:1368073

Son, Sang-Kil; Young, Linda; Santra, Robin

Large-scale atomistic calculations of clusters in intense x-ray pulses

Journal Article · Fri Apr 28 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Journal of Physics. B, Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics · OSTI ID:1368073

Ho, Phay J.; Knight, Chris

Sub-nanometer-scale measurements of the interaction of ultrafast soft x-ray free-electron-laser pulses with matter

Journal Article · Wed Aug 02 00:00:00 EDT 2006 · Physical Review Letters · OSTI ID:1368073

Hau-Riege, S; Chapman, H; Krzywinski, J; +16 more

Related Subjects

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION

Title: Atomistic three-dimensional coherent x-ray imaging of nonbiological systems

Citation Formats

References (73)

Cited By (9)

Similar Records

Related Subjects