Environmental controls on seasonal ecosystem evapotranspiration/potential evapotranspiration ratio as determined by the global eddy flux measurements

Liu, Chunwei; Sun, Ge; McNulty, Steven G.; Noormets, Asko; Fang, Yuan

doi:10.5194/hess-21-311-2017

Title: Environmental controls on seasonal ecosystem evapotranspiration/potential evapotranspiration ratio as determined by the global eddy flux measurements

Journal Article · Wed Jan 18 00:00:00 EST 2017 · Hydrology and Earth System Sciences (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-311-2017· OSTI ID:1362026

Liu, Chunwei ^[1]; Sun, Ge ^[2]; McNulty, Steven G. ^[2]; Noormets, Asko ^[3]; Fang, Yuan ^[3]

Nanjing Univ. of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing (China)
USDA Forest Service, Raleigh, NC (United States)
North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC (United States)

The evapotranspiration / potential evapotranspiration (AET / PET) ratio is traditionally termed as the crop coefficient (K_c) and has been generally used as ecosystem evaporative stress index. In the current hydrology literature, K_c has been widely used as a parameter to estimate crop water demand by water managers but has not been well examined for other types of ecosystems such as forests and other perennial vegetation. Understanding the seasonal dynamics of this variable for all ecosystems is important for projecting the ecohydrological responses to climate change and accurately quantifying water use at watershed to global scales. This study aimed at deriving monthly K_c for multiple vegetation cover types and understanding its environmental controls by analyzing the accumulated global eddy flux (FLUXNET) data. We examined monthly K_c data for seven vegetation covers, including open shrubland (OS), cropland (CRO), grassland (GRA), deciduous broad leaf forest (DBF), evergreen needle leaf forest (ENF), evergreen broad leaf forest (EBF), and mixed forest (MF), across 81 sites. We found that, except for evergreen forests (EBF and ENF), K_c values had large seasonal variation across all land covers. The spatial variability of K_c was well explained by latitude, suggesting site factors are a major control on K_c. Seasonally, K_c increased significantly with precipitation in the summer months, except in EBF. Moreover, leaf area index (LAI) significantly influenced monthly K_c in all land covers, except in EBF. During the peak growing season, forests had the highest K_c values, while croplands (CRO) had the lowest. We developed a series of multivariate linear monthly regression models for K_c by land cover type and season using LAI, site latitude, and monthly precipitation as independent variables. Here, the K_c models are useful for understanding water stress in different ecosystems under climate change and variability as well as for estimating seasonal ET for large areas with mixed land covers.

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Research Organization:: Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-04ER63911; FG02-04ER63917

OSTI ID:: 1362026

Journal Information:: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences (Online), Vol. 21, Issue 1; ISSN 1607-7938

Publisher:: European Geosciences Union (EGU)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 36 works

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