Enhanced H-mode pedestals with lithium injection in DIII-D

Osborne, Thomas H.; Jackson, Gary L.; Yan, Zheng; Maingi, Rajesh; Mansfield, Dennis K.; Grierson, Brian A.; Chrobak, Chris P.; McLean, Adam G.; Allen, Steve L.; Battaglia, Devon J.; Briesemeister, Alexis R.; Fenstermacher, Max E.; McKee, George R.; Snyder, Philip B.

doi:10.1088/0029-5515/55/6/063018

Title: Enhanced H-mode pedestals with lithium injection in DIII-D

Journal Article · Fri May 08 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Nuclear Fusion

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/55/6/063018· OSTI ID:1353120

Osborne, Thomas H. ^[1]; Jackson, Gary L. ^[1]; Yan, Zheng ^[2]; Maingi, Rajesh ^[3]; Mansfield, Dennis K. ^[3]; Grierson, Brian A. ^[3]; Chrobak, Chris P. ^[4]; McLean, Adam G. ^[5]; Allen, Steve L. ^[5]; Battaglia, Devon J. ^[3]; Briesemeister, Alexis R. ^[6]; Fenstermacher, Max E. ^[5]; McKee, George R. ^[2]; Snyder, Philip B. ^[1]

General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)
Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
Univ. of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Periods of edge localized mode (ELM)-free H-mode with increased pedestal pressure and width were observed in the DIII-D tokamak when density fluctuations localized to the region near the separatrix were present. Injection of a powder of 45 μm diameter lithium particles increased the duration of the enhanced pedestal phases to up to 350 ms, and also increased the likelihood of a transition to the enhanced phase. Lithium injection at a level sufficient for triggering the extended enhanced phases resulted in significant lithium in the plasma core, but carbon and other higher Z impurities as well as radiated power levels were reduced. Recycling of the working deuterium gas appeared unaffected by this level of lithium injection. The ion scale, k_θ ρ_s ~ 0.1–0.2, density fluctuations propagated in the electron drift direction with f ~ 80 kHz and occurred in bursts every ~1 ms. The fluctuation bursts correlated with plasma loss resulting in a flattening of the pressure profile in a region near the separatrix. This localized flattening 2 allowed higher overall pedestal pressure at the peeling-ballooning stability limit and higher pressure than expected under the EPED model due to reduction of the pressure gradient below the “ballooning critical profile”. Furthermore, reduction of the ion pressure by lithium dilution may contribute to the long ELM-free periods.

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Research Organization:: General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E)

Contributing Organization:: The DIII-D Team

Grant/Contract Number:: FC02-04ER54698; FG02-89ER53296; FG02-08ER54999; AC02-09CH11466; FG02-99ER54917; AC52-07NA27344; AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1353120

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1236998

Journal Information:: Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 55, Issue 6; ISSN 0029-5515

Publisher:: IOP ScienceCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 115 works

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Title: Enhanced H-mode pedestals with lithium injection in DIII-D

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