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Title: A high-voltage rechargeable magnesium-sodium hybrid battery

Journal Article · · Nano Energy
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [3];  [3];  [1];  [4];  [2];  [5]
  1. Univ. of Houston, TX (United States). Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Materials Science and Engineering Program
  2. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Electrochemical Materials and Systems Group. Energy and Environment Directorate
  3. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). X-ray Science Division
  4. Univ. of Houston, TX (United States). Dept. of Chemistry. Texas Center for Superconductivity
  5. Univ. of Houston, TX (United States). Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Materials Science and Engineering Program. Texas Center for Superconductivity
+ Show Author Affiliations

There is a growing global demand for safe and low-cost energy storage technology which triggers strong interests in novel battery concepts beyond state-of-art Li-ion batteries. We report a high-voltage rechargeable Mg–Na hybrid battery featuring dendrite-free deposition of Mg anode and Na-intercalation cathode as a low-cost and safe alternative to Li-ion batteries for large-scale energy storage. A prototype device using a Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode, a Mg anode, and a Mg–Na dual salt electrolyte exhibits the highest voltage (2.60 V vs. Mg) and best rate performance (86% capacity retention at 10 C rate) among reported hybrid batteries. Synchrotron radiation-based X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), atomic-pair distribution function (PDF), and high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) studies reveal the chemical environment and structural change of Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode during the Na ion insertion/deinsertion process. XANES study shows a clear reversible shift of vanadium K-edge and HRXRD and PDF studies reveal a reversible two-phase transformation and V–O bond length change during cycling. The energy density of the hybrid cell could be further improved by developing electrolytes with a higher salt concentration and wider electrochemical window. Our work represents a significant step forward for practical safe and low-cost hybrid batteries.

Research Organization:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Univ. of Houston, TX (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE Office of Electricity (OE); US Department of the Navy, Office of Naval Research (ONR); National Science Foundation (NSF)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-76RL01830; AC02-06CH11357; 57558; N00014-13-1-0543; CMMI-1400261
OSTI ID:
1344910
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1366533; OSTI ID: 1415688
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA-123660; PII: S2211285517300782
Journal Information:
Nano Energy, Vol. 34; ISSN 2211-2855
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 70 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (18)

A Promising High-Voltage Cathode Material Based on Mesoporous Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C for Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries journal November 2017
A high-voltage concept with sodium-ion conducting β-alumina for magnesium-sodium dual-ion batteries journal July 2019
Exploring the high-voltage Mg 2+ /Na + co-intercalation reaction of Na 3 VCr(PO 4 ) 3 in Mg-ion batteries journal January 2019
Fast kinetics of Mg 2+ /Li + hybrid ions in a polyanion Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 cathode in a wide temperature range journal January 2019
Vanadium-Based Cathode Materials for Rechargeable Multivalent Batteries: Challenges and Opportunities journal June 2018
Communication—Mg(TFSI) 2 -Based Hybrid Magnesium-Sodium Electrolyte: Case Study with NaTi 2 (PO 4 ) 3 //Mg Cell journal January 2018
Structural impact of Zn-insertion into monoclinic V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 : implications for Zn-ion batteries journal January 2019
Exploring the Synergy of LiBH 4 /NaBH 4 Additives with Mg(BH 4 ) 2 Electrolyte Using Density Functional Theory journal January 2018
Synthesis of ternary metal oxides as positive electrodes for Mg–Li hybrid ion batteries journal January 2020
Na+/K+ Hybrid Battery Based on a Sulfurized Polyacrylonitrile Cathode journal March 2019
A Novel Dendrite‐Free Mn 2+ /Zn 2+ Hybrid Battery with 2.3 V Voltage Window and 11000‐Cycle Lifespan journal June 2019
Rechargeable Mg–M (M = Li, Na and K) dual-metal–ion batteries based on a Berlin green cathode and a metallic Mg anode journal January 2019
Mg Cathode Materials and Electrolytes for Rechargeable Mg Batteries: A Review journal January 2019
Challenges and benefits of post-lithium-ion batteries text January 2020
A high-voltage concept with sodium-ion conducting β-alumina for magnesium-sodium dual-ion batteries text January 2019
Rechargeable Na-CO 2 Batteries Starting from Cathode of Na 2 CO 3 and Carbon Nanotubes journal January 2018
Magnesium-Sodium Hybrid Battery With High Voltage, Capacity and Cyclability journal December 2018
Sustainable and Environmentally Friendly Na and Mg Aqueous Hybrid Batteries Using Na and K Birnessites journal February 2020

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Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
hybrid Mg–Na ion battery
Na3V2(PO4)3
Mg
XANES
pair density function