skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Recent developments in Geant4

Journal Article · · Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A, Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

Geant4 is a software toolkit for the simulation of the passage of particles through matter. It is used by a large number of experiments and projects in a variety of application domains, including high energy physics, astrophysics and space science, medical physics and radiation protection. Over the past several years, major changes have been made to the toolkit in order to accommodate the needs of these user communities, and to efficiently exploit the growth of computing power made available by advances in technology. The adaptation of Geant4 to multithreading, advances in physics, detector modeling and visualization, extensions to the toolkit, including biasing and reverse Monte Carlo, and tools for physics and release validation are discussed here.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); George Washington Univ., Washington, DC (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
Contributing Organization:
GEANT4 Collaboration
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-07CH11359; AC52-07NA27344; AC02-76SF00515; SC0016583; NA0000979
OSTI ID:
1329056
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1347660; OSTI ID: 1348985; OSTI ID: 1439604; OSTI ID: 1454867
Report Number(s):
FERMILAB-PUB-16-447-CD; LLNL-JRNL-704362; 1488031
Journal Information:
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A, Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 835, Issue C; ISSN 0168-9002
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 1922 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (161)

Geant4 developments and applications journal February 2006
GEANT4-MT : bringing multi-threading into GEANT4 production conference June 2014
Description of hadron-induced showers in calorimeters using the GEANT4 simulation toolkit conference October 2011
Geometry Description Markup Language for Physics Simulation and Analysis Applications journal October 2006
Parallel geometries in Geant4: Foundation and recent enhancements
  • Apostolakis, J.; Asai, M.; Cosmo, G.
  • 2008 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging conference (2008 NSS/MIC), 2008 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2008.4774535
conference October 2008
New software library of geometrical primitives for modeling of solids used in Monte Carlo detector simulations journal December 2012
The Geant4 Visualisation System journal March 2008
Visualization for volume data scored by Geant4 simulation
  • Kimura, A.; Tanaka, S.; Hasegawa, K.
  • 2009 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC 2009), 2009 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record (NSS/MIC) https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2009.5402096
conference October 2009
Geant4—a simulation toolkit
  • Agostinelli, S.; Allison, J.; Amako, K.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 506, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01368-8
journal July 2003
Recent Improvements in Geant4 Electromagnetic Physics Models and Interfaces journal January 2011
Geometry and physics of the Geant4 toolkit for high and medium energy applications journal October 2009
Diffusion-controlled reactions modeling in Geant4-DNA journal October 2014
Bremsstrahlung and Pair Production in Condensed Media at High Energies journal September 1956
Development of ultrahigh-energy electromagnetic cascades in water and lead including the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal effect journal March 1982
Azimuthal distribution for pair production by high-energy γ-rays journal September 2000
Angular distribution for the electron recoil in pair production by linearly polarized - rays on electrons
  • Depaola, G. O.; Iparraguirre, M. L.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 611, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2009.09.010
journal November 2009
Pair production by γ-rays on electrons: Threshold for the momentum recoil detection journal October 2011
MULECS: The Monash University Low Energy Compton scattering package
  • Brown, J. M. C.; Dimmock, M. R.; Gillam, J. E.
  • 2011 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (2011 NSS/MIC), 2011 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2011.6154623
conference October 2011
A low energy bound atomic electron Compton scattering model for Geant4 journal November 2014
Compton Modified Line Structure and its Relation to the Electron Theory of Solid Bodies journal May 1929
Relationship of the relativistic Compton cross section to the momentum distribution of bound electron states journal September 1975
Implementation of the Doppler broadening of a Compton-scattered photon into the EGS4 code
  • Namito, Y.; Ban, S.; Hirayama, H.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 349, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(94)91215-7
journal October 1994
Comparison of Geant4 electromagnetic physics models against the NIST reference data journal August 2005
Geant4 simulation of production and interaction of muons journal April 2006
Heavy-particle energy loss simulation using the Geant4 toolkit journal May 2009
Validation of recent Geant4 physics models for application in carbon ion therapy
  • Lechner, A.; Ivanchenko, V. N.; Knobloch, J.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 268, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2010.04.008
journal July 2010
Energy loss in thin layers in GEANT
  • Lassila-Perini, Kati; Urbán, László
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 362, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(95)00344-4
journal August 1995
Empirical formulae for energy loss straggling of ions in matter journal August 1991
Performance studies with an ALICE TPC prototype
  • Antończyk, D.; Baechler, J.; Bramm, R.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 565, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2006.06.022
journal September 2006
Particle Identification Studies with an Alice test tpc journal August 2007
Straggling in thin silicon detectors journal July 1988
Geant4 Physics Processes for Microdosimetry Simulation: Design Foundation and Implementation of the First Set of Models journal December 2007
Comparison of GEANT4 very low energy cross section models with experimental data in water: Comparison of GEANT4 VLE cross sections with data journal August 2010
Geant4 physics processes for microdosimetry simulation: Very low energy electromagnetic models for electrons in silicon journal October 2012
Geant4 physics processes for microdosimetry simulation: Very low energy electromagnetic models for protons and heavy ions in silicon journal September 2012
Molière's Theory of Multiple Scattering journal March 1953
Multiple Scattering of Electrons journal January 1940
Multiple Scattering in an Infinite Medium journal June 1950
Incorporation of the Goudsmit–Saunderson electron transport theory in the Geant4 Monte Carlo code
  • Kadri, O.; Ivanchenko, V.; Gharbi, F.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 267, Issue 23-24 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2009.09.015
journal December 2009
Nuclear and Non-Ionizing Energy-Loss for Coulomb Scattered Particles from Low Energy up to Relativistic Regime in Space Radiation Environment conference November 2011
An expression for the Mott cross section of electrons and positrons on nuclei with Z up to 118 journal September 2013
Measurement of multiple scattering of 13 and 20MeV electrons by thin foils: Electron multiple scattering journal August 2008
Observation of a new particle in the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson with the ATLAS detector at the LHC journal September 2012
Observation of a new boson at a mass of 125 GeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC journal September 2012
Bremsstrahlung spectra from electron interactions with screened atomic nuclei and orbital electrons journal August 1985
Suppression of bremsstrahlung and pair production due to environmental factors journal October 1999
Recent Progress of Geant4 Electromagnetic Physics and Readiness for the LHC Start
  • Ivantchenko, Vladimir; Apostolakis, John
  • Proceedings of XII Advanced Computing and Analysis Techniques in Physics Research — PoS(ACAT08) https://doi.org/10.22323/1.070.0108
conference October 2009
Measuring polarization in the X-ray range: New simulation method for gaseous detectors
  • Depaola, G. O.; Longo, F.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 566, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2006.07.060
journal October 2006
New Monte Carlo method for Compton and Rayleigh scattering by polarized gamma rays journal October 2003
PIXE simulation in Geant4 journal March 2011
Energy-loss effect in inner-shell Coulomb ionization by heavy charged particles journal April 1981
Polynomial approximation to universal ionisation cross-sections of K and L shells induced by H and He ion beams journal March 2011
Polynomial approximation to universal M-shell ionisation cross-sections induced by H + and He 2+ ions: Universal M-shell ionisation cross-sections journal April 2013
A comparison between Geant4 PIXE simulations and experimental data for standard reference samples journal December 2013
Comparison of experimental proton-induced fluorescence spectra for a selection of thin high-Z samples with Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations journal September 2015
Simulating response functions and pulse shape discrimination for organic scintillation detectors with Geant4
  • Hartwig, Zachary S.; Gumplinger, Peter
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 737 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2013.11.027
journal February 2014
Simulating Scintillator Light Collection Using Measured Optical Reflectance journal June 2010
Track structure modeling in liquid water: A review of the Geant4-DNA very low energy extension of the Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation toolkit journal December 2015
The Geant4-Dna Project journal June 2010
Physical models implemented in the GEANT4-DNA extension of the GEANT-4 toolkit for calculating initial radiation damage at the molecular level journal December 2010
Electron and proton elastic scattering in water vapour journal February 2012
Molecular scale track structure simulations in liquid water using the Geant4-DNA Monte-Carlo processes journal January 2011
Modeling Radiation Chemistry in the Geant4 Toolkit journal January 2011
Combination of electromagnetic physics processes for microdosimetry in liquid water with the Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation toolkit journal February 2012
Stopping power and ranges of electrons, protons and alpha particles in liquid water using the Geant4-DNA package
  • Francis, Z.; Incerti, S.; Karamitros, M.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 269, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2011.02.031
journal October 2011
Dose point kernels in liquid water: An intra-comparison between GEANT4-DNA and a variety of Monte Carlo codes journal January 2014
Comparison of Geant4-DNA simulation of S-values with other Monte Carlo codes journal January 2014
Simulating radial dose of ion tracks in liquid water simulated with Geant4-DNA: A comparative study journal August 2014
Monte Carlo simulation of energy-deposit clustering for ions of the same LET in liquid water journal December 2011
Effect of a magnetic field on the track structure of low-energy electrons: a Monte Carlo study journal May 2010
Influence of the DNA density on the number of clustered damages created by protons of different energies
  • Dos Santos, Morgane; Villagrasa, Carmen; Clairand, Isabelle
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 298 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2013.01.009
journal March 2013
Energy deposition in small-scale targets of liquid water using the very low energy electromagnetic physics processes of the Geant4 toolkit journal July 2013
The invariance of the total direct DNA strand break yield: Invariance of the total direct strand break yield journal June 2011
Influence of chromatin condensation on the number of direct DSB damages induced by ions studied using a Monte Carlo code journal March 2014
In Silico Nanodosimetry: New Insights into Nontargeted Biological Responses to Radiation journal January 2012
Simulation of cellular irradiation with the CENBG microbeam line using GEANT4 journal August 2004
A comparison of cellular irradiation techniques with alpha particles using the Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation toolkit journal November 2006
Monte Carlo dosimetry for targeted irradiation of individual cells using a microbeam facility journal January 2009
Monte-Carlo dosimetry on a realistic cell monolayer geometry exposed to alpha particles journal March 2012
Influence of the chromatin density on the number of direct clustered damages calculated for proton and alpha irradiations using a Monte Carlo code journal January 2014
Carbon ion fragmentation effects on the nanometric level behind the Bragg peak depth journal November 2014
Time- and space-resolved Monte Carlo study of water radiolysis for photon, electron and ion irradiation journal October 2008
Validation of the Geant4 electromagnetic photon cross-sections for elements and compounds
  • Cirrone, G. A. P.; Cuttone, G.; Di Rosa, F.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 618, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2010.02.112
journal June 2010
Validation of the Geant4 simulation of bremsstrahlung from thick targets below 3 MeV journal May 2015
Perfomance of a compensating lead-scintillator hadronic calorimeter
  • Bernardi, E.; Drews, G.; Garcia, M. A.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 262, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(87)90861-8
journal December 1987
Experimental study of uranium plastic scintillator calorimeters
  • D'Agostini, G.; Bamberger, A.; Barreiro, F.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 274, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(89)90371-9
journal January 1989
GATE V6: a major enhancement of the GATE simulation platform enabling modelling of CT and radiotherapy journal January 2011
Validation of a small-animal PET simulation using GAMOS: a GEANT4-based framework journal December 2010
GRAS: a general-purpose 3-D Modular Simulation tool for space environment effects analysis journal December 2005
TOPAS: An innovative proton Monte Carlo platform for research and clinical applications: TOPAS: An innovative proton Monte Carlo platform journal October 2012
Experimental Dose Enhancement in Multi-Layer Shielding Structures Exposed to High-Energy Electron Environments journal August 2013
Modelling heavy-ion energy deposition in extended media journal July 2010
A simplified Glauber model for hadron–nucleus cross sections journal May 2009
A simple model for integral hadron–nucleus and nucleus–nucleus cross-sections journal July 2009
Chiral-invariant phase space model: I. Masses of hadrons journal July 2002
Chiral invariant phase space event generator: I. Nucleon-antinucleon annihilation at rest journal July 2000
Chiral invariant phase space event generator: II. Nuclear pion capture at rest and photonuclear reactions below the Δ(3,3) resonance. journal December 2000
Chiral invariant phase space event generator: III. Modeling of real and virtual photon interactions with nuclei below pion production threshold. journal December 2000
High-Energy Deuteron Cross Sections journal February 1966
High-Energy Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions. I. General Theory and Applications to Deuteron-Deuteron Scattering journal November 1968
Scattering of low-energy antiprotons from nuclei journal December 1985
DIAGEN — Generator of inelastic nucleus-nucleus interaction diagrams journal April 1989
GLISSANDO: GLauber Initial-State Simulation AND mOre… journal January 2009
Antinucleus–nucleus cross sections implemented in Geant4 journal November 2011
Measurements of antideuteron absorption and stripping cross sections at the momentum 13.3 GeV/c journal September 1971
Glauber model and the heavy ion reaction cross section journal May 2003
The Heavy Nuclei of the Primary Cosmic Radiation journal January 1950
The validity of the factorization hypothesis for nucleus-nucleus cross sections at high energies journal July 1974
Nucleus-nucleus cross sections and the validity of the factorization hypothesis at intermediate and high energies journal February 1975
Total reaction and partial cross section calculations in proton-nucleus ( Z t ≤26) and nucleus-nucleus reactions ( Z p and Z t ≤26) journal March 1993
Trends of total reaction cross sections for heavy ion collisions in the intermediate energy range journal May 1987
Total reaction cross section for heavy-ion collisions and its relation to the neutron excess degree of freedom journal January 1989
Dual parton model journal January 1994
The quark-gluon structure of the pomeron and the rise of inclusive spectra at high energies journal October 1982
Pomeron as quark-gluon strings and multiple hadron production at SPS-Collider energies journal November 1982
A model for low-pT hadronic reactions with generalizations to hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions journal January 1987
Interactions between hadrons and nuclei: The Lund Monte Carlo - FRITIOF version 1.6 - journal February 1987
Parton fragmentation and string dynamics journal July 1983
Color fluctuation effects in proton–nucleus collisions journal May 2013
geant4 hadronic cascade models analysis of proton and charged pion transverse momentum spectra from p + Cu and Pb collisions at 3, 8, and 15 GeV/ c journal July 2011
Estimation of nuclear destruction using ALADIN experimental data journal September 1998
Calculation of mass yields for proton-nucleus spallation reactions journal July 1986
The Binary Cascade: Nucleon nuclear reactions journal September 2004
HARP–CDP hadroproduction data: comparison with FLUKA and GEANT4 simulations journal November 2010
The Geant4 Bertini Cascade
  • Wright, D. H.; Kelsey, M. H.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 804 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2015.09.058
journal December 2015
New potentialities of the Liège intranuclear cascade model for reactions induced by nucleons and light charged particles journal January 2013
Extension of the Liège intranuclear-cascade model to reactions induced by light nuclei journal November 2014
A reexamination of the abrasion-ablation model for the description of the nuclear fragmentation reaction journal September 1991
Calculated nuclide production yields in relativistic collisions of fissile nuclei journal January 1998
Cascade-exciton model of nuclear reactions journal June 1983
Geant4 hadronic physics for space radiation environment journal September 2011
Statistical multifragmentation of nuclei journal June 1995
On the Yield of Nuclear Reactions with Heavy Elements journal March 1940
Benchmarking nuclear models of FLUKA and GEANT4 for carbon ion therapy journal September 2010
Results from the IAEA Benchmark of Spallation Models journal August 2011
Recent Developments in Pre-Equilibrium and De-Excitation Models in Geant4 journal January 2011
Nuclear fragmentation reactions in extended media studied with Geant4 toolkit
  • Pshenichnov, Igor; Botvina, Alexander; Mishustin, Igor
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 268, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2009.12.023
journal March 2010
Assessment and improvements of Geant4 hadronic models in the context of prompt-gamma hadrontherapy monitoring journal March 2014
Geant4 hadron elastic diffuse model journal May 2010
Scattering of 1 GeV protons on nuclei journal June 1978
ENDF/B-VII.1 Nuclear Data for Science and Technology: Cross Sections, Covariances, Fission Product Yields and Decay Data journal December 2011
FENDL: International reference nuclear data library for fusion applications journal October 1996
JENDL Fusion File 99 journal February 2002
Japanese Evaluated Nuclear Data Library Version 3 Revision-2: JENDL-3.2 journal December 1995
New Standard Evaluated Neutron Cross Section Libraries for the GEANT4 Code and First Verification journal August 2014
Testbeam studies of production modules of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter
  • Adragna, P.; Alexa, C.; Anderson, K.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 606, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2009.04.009
journal July 2009
Beam test of a small MICROMEGAS DHCAL prototype journal January 2010
Performance of a prototype CMS hadron barrel calorimeter in a test beam journal June 1999
Photon reconstruction in the ATLAS Inner Detector and Liquid Argon Barrel Calorimeter at the 2004 Combined Test Beam journal April 2011
GEANT4 physics evaluation with testbeam data of the ATLAS hadronic end-cap calorimeter
  • Kiryunin, A. E.; Oberlack, H.; Salihagić, D.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 560, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2005.12.237
journal May 2006
T3B — an experiment to measure the time structure of hadronic showers journal December 2013
On the efficiency of the splitting and roulette approach for sensitivity analysis conference January 1997
Implementation of the reverse/adjoint Monte Carlo method into Geant4
  • Desorgher, L.; Lei, F.; Santin, G.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 621, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2010.06.001
journal September 2010
A probability-conserving cross-section biasing mechanism for variance reduction in Monte Carlo particle transport calculations
  • Mendenhall, Marcus H.; Weller, Robert A.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 667 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2011.11.084
journal March 2012
Trajectory fit in presence of dense materials journal January 1993
Derivation of Jacobians for the propagation of covariance matrices of track parameters in homogeneous magnetic fields
  • Strandlie, A.; Wittek, W.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 566, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2006.07.032
journal October 2006
softinex, inlib, exlib, ourex, ioda, g4view, g4exa, wall journal June 2014
Extending Geant4 Parallelism with external libraries (MPI, TBB) and its use on HPC resources conference October 2015
Geant4 electromagnetic physics: improving simulation performance and accuracy conference January 2014
Tracking studies of the Compact Linear Collider collimation system journal August 2009
A technique for optimised navigation in regular geometries conference October 2008

Cited By (210)

Nanodosimetric quantities and RBE of a clinically relevant carbon‐ion beam journal November 2019
Physics‐driven learning of x‐ray skin dose distribution in interventional procedures journal September 2019
XCLUMPY: X-Ray Spectral Model from Clumpy Torus and Its Application to the Circinus Galaxy journal May 2019
Microdosimetry of electrons in liquid water using the low-energy models of Geant4 journal July 2017
Oxyfluoro-tellurite-zinc glasses and the nuclear-shielding ability under the substitution of AlF3 by ZnO journal January 2020
Investigation of track structure and condensed history physics models for applications in radiation dosimetry on a micro and nano scale in Geant4 journal February 2018
Observation of the Identical Rigidity Dependence of He, C, and O Cosmic Rays at High Rigidities by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station text January 2017
Light Weight, Easy Formable and Non-Toxic Polymer-Based Composites for Hard X-ray Shielding: A Theoretical and Experimental Study journal January 2020
Effect of rectangular grooves and checkerboard patterns on the electron emission yield journal September 2018
A framework for exposure characterization and gamma dosimetry at the NMBU FIGARO irradiation facility journal November 2018
Multi-threading performance of Geant4, MCNP6, and PHITS Monte Carlo codes for tetrahedral-mesh geometry journal May 2018
A novel methodology to assess linear energy transfer and relative biological effectiveness in proton therapy using pairs of differently doped thermoluminescent detectors journal April 2019
Observation of New Properties of Secondary Cosmic Rays Lithium, Beryllium, and Boron by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station text January 2018
Dosimetric impact of voxel resolutions of computational human phantoms for external photon exposure journal September 2019
Calculation of Particle Emissions and Fusion Cross Sections After 8 B( t ,*), 9 B( t ,*), and 10 B( t ,*) Reactions by Monte Carlo Simulations journal February 2020
Olivine mineral used in concrete for gamma-ray shielding journal April 2019
Spectra of secondary particles generated upon virtual irradiation of gold nanosensitizers: implications for surface modification journal June 2018
Gold nanoparticle enhanced proton therapy: A Monte Carlo simulation of the effects of proton energy, nanoparticle size, coating material, and coating thickness on dose and radiolysis yield journal December 2019
Dose coefficients of percentile-specific computational phantoms for photon external exposures journal November 2019
Simulation Study for the Energy Resolution Performances of Homogenous Calorimeters with Scintillator-Photodetector Combinations journal September 2018
Measurement and analysis of the Am 241 neutron capture cross section at the n_TOF facility at CERN journal May 2018
Optimisation of the design of SOI microdosimeters for hadron therapy quality assurance journal October 2018
Sterile Neutrino Constraints from the STEREO Experiment with 66 Days of Reactor-On Data journal October 2018
Measurement of exclusive $$\mathrm {\Upsilon }$$ Υ photoproduction from protons in $$\mathrm {p}$$ p Pb collisions at $$\sqrt{\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}} = 5.02\,\text {TeV} $$ s NN = 5.02 TeV journal March 2019
Uncertainty analysis of response functions and γ-backgrounds on T ion and t 0 measurements from Cherenkov neutron detectors at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) journal October 2018
Experimental survey of the production of α -decaying heavy elements in U 238 + Th 232 reactions at 7.5–6.1 MeV/nucleon journal June 2018
Radioactive contamination of scintillators journal March 2018
Detecting and studying high-energy collider neutrinos with FASER at the LHC: FASER Collaboration journal January 2020
Skin protection against UV radiation using thin films of cerium oxide journal January 2019
Study of the underlying event in top quark pair production in $$\mathrm {p}\mathrm {p}$$ p p collisions at 13 $$~\text {Te}\text {V}$$ Te journal February 2019
Precise Simulation of Electromagnetic Calorimeter Showers Using a Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network journal January 2019
Regularised patient-specific stopping power calibration for proton therapy planning based on proton radiographic images journal March 2019
On‐the‐Fly Calculation of Absorbed and Equivalent Atmospheric Radiation Dose in A Water Phantom with the Atmospheric Radiation Interaction Simulator (AtRIS) journal December 2019
A two-point in situ method for simultaneous analysis of radioactivity in seawater and sediment journal September 2019
Precision Measurement of Cosmic-Ray Nitrogen and its Primary and Secondary Components with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station journal July 2018
Track structure simulations of proximity functions in liquid water using the Geant4-DNA toolkit journal March 2019
Evaluation of electromagnetic and nuclear scattering models in GATE/Geant4 for proton therapy journal April 2019
Dose distribution of secondary radiation in a water phantom for a proton pencil beam—EURADOS WG9 intercomparison exercise journal April 2018
Revisiting the cosmic-ray induced Venusian radiation dose in the context of habitability journal December 2019
Simulation study on system configuration refinement for the PET–laparoscope system—an intraoperative tool for surgical navigation in gastric cancer surgery journal November 2018
Software platform for simulation of a prototype proton CT scanner journal March 2017
Solar Cosmic Ray Dose Rate Assessments During GLE 72 Using MIRA and PANDOCA journal August 2018
Experimental measurements validate the use of the binary encounter approximation model to accurately compute proton induced dose and radiolysis enhancement from gold nanoparticles journal March 2019
The P2 experiment: A future high-precision measurement of the weak mixing angle at low momentum transfer journal November 2018
Posture-dependent dose coefficients of mesh-type ICRP reference computational phantoms for photon external exposures journal April 2019
Determination of the primary energy using an ultrathin calorimeter journal February 2020
Bi-Arrhenius Diffusion and Surface Trapping of L i + 8 in Rutile TiO 2 journal August 2019
TOPAS Monte Carlo model of MD anderson scanning proton beam for simulation studies in proton therapy journal March 2018
Parameterising microdosimetric distributions of mono-energetic proton beams for fast estimates of y D and y* journal May 2019
Cosmogenic production of Ar 39 and Ar 37 in argon journal August 2019
Generative adversarial networks (GAN) for compact beam source modelling in Monte Carlo simulations journal October 2019
Methods for the Simulation of the Slowing of Low‐Energy Electrons in Water journal September 2018
Nonlinear Breit–Wheeler pair creation with bremsstrahlung γ rays journal March 2018
Plasma lens-based beam extraction and removal system for plasma wakefield acceleration experiments journal December 2019
A versatile and compact high-intensity electron beam for multi-kGy irradiation in nano- or micro-electronic devices journal January 2020
On the radiocarbon increase around 5480 BC as a result of the Solar system encounter with interstellar cloud journal March 2019
Readout models for BaFBr 0.85 I 0.15 :Eu image plates journal June 2018
Application of multiple γ-ray detection to long-lived radioactive nuclide determination in environmental samples journal January 2020
Conceptual design of the high resolution neutron spectrometer for ITER journal April 2019
A mechanistic approach towards determining double strand breaks and Relative Biological Effectiveness variation along proton tracks journal January 2019
Improving single-event proton CT by removing nuclear interaction events within the energy/range detector journal August 2019
Gamma Ray Signatures of Neutrons From a Terrestrial Gamma Ray Flash journal October 2017
Positron Scattering: Total Elastic and Grand Total Cross Sections for Molecules of Astrophysical Importance journal April 2019
Galactic Cosmic Ray induced absorbed dose rate in deep space – Accounting for detector size, shape, material, as well as for the solar modulation journal January 2019
A physically cryptographic warhead verification system using neutron induced nuclear resonances journal September 2019
Thin foil proton recoil spectrometer performance study for application in DT plasma measurements journal October 2018
The HiggsTools handbook: a beginners guide to decoding the Higgs sector text January 2018
Yields and production rates of cosmogenic 9Li and 8He measured with the Double Chooz near and far detectors journal November 2018
Discovery of an Exceptionally Strong β -Decay Transition of F 20 and Implications for the Fate of Intermediate-Mass Stars journal December 2019
Virtual depth by active background suppression: revisiting the cosmic muon induced background of Gerda Phase II journal July 2018
The design of the MEG II experiment: MEG II Collaboration journal May 2018
Perturbations of radiation field caused by titanium dental implants in pencil proton beam therapy journal October 2018
Properties of Cosmic Helium Isotopes Measured by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer text January 2019
Electromagnetic dipole moments of charged baryons with bent crystals at the LHC journal December 2017
Validation of a virtual source model of medical linac for Monte Carlo dose calculation using multi-threaded Geant4 journal April 2018
Correlated prompt fission data in transport simulations journal January 2018
Measurements of neutron total and capture cross sections of 241 Am with ANNRI at J-PARC journal July 2018
The First Terrestrial Electron Beam Observed by the Atmosphere‐Space Interactions Monitor journal December 2019
A fused silica Cherenkov radiator for high precision time-of-flight measurement of DT γ and neutron spectra (invited) journal October 2018
Validation of Geant4 simulation tool for low energy proton induced reactions journal May 2018
Geant4-based electromagnetic background model for the CRESST dark matter experiment journal October 2019
Localising functionalised gold-nanoparticles in murine spinal cords by X-ray fluorescence imaging and background-reduction through spatial filtering for human-sized objects text January 2018
Fast neutron sensitivity of neutron detectors based on Boron-10 converter layers journal March 2018
Fast-neutron-induced fission cross section of Pu 242 measured at the neutron time-of-flight facility n ELBE journal February 2019
A 3D radiation image display on a simple virtual reality system created using a game development platform journal August 2018
Fast neutron sensitivity for 3He detectors and comparison with Boron-10 based neutron detectors journal December 2019
DeepMCDose: A Deep Learning Method for Efficient Monte Carlo Beamlet Dose Calculation by Predictive Denoising in MR-Guided Radiotherapy book January 2019
Radionuclide Internal Dosimetry Using GATE and PENELOPE for Experimental Validation in Geometrical Phantoms book May 2018
Soft proton flux on ATHENA focal plane and its impact on the magnetic diverter design journal August 2018
Space Weather on the Surface of Mars: Impact of the September 2017 Events journal November 2018
Monte-Carlo dosimetry and real-time imaging of targeted irradiation consequences in 2-cell stage Caenorhabditis elegans embryo journal July 2019
Revisiting the cosmic-ray induced Venusian ionization with the Atmospheric Radiation Interaction Simulator (AtRIS) journal April 2019
Nuclear structure of 82 Kr and 82 Se relevant for neutrinoless double-beta decay journal January 2018
Ab initio response functions for Cherenkov-based neutron detectors journal October 2018
Pseudomagnetic field modulation of stopping power for a charged particle moving above graphene journal July 2018
Energy loss due to defect formation from 206 Pb recoils in SuperCDMS germanium detectors journal August 2018
Gamma-ray imaging with a time-modulated random coded aperture journal January 2019
Biological outcomes of γ-radiation induced DNA damages in breast and lung cancer cells pretreated with free radical scavengers journal January 2019
TOPAS/Geant4 configuration for ionization chamber calculations in proton beams journal June 2018
The impact of secondary fragments on the image quality of helium ion imaging journal October 2018
A mechanistic relative biological effectiveness model-based biological dose optimization for charged particle radiobiology studies journal December 2018
Percentile-specific computational phantoms constructed from ICRP mesh-type reference computational phantoms (MRCPs) journal February 2019
Mesh-type reference Korean phantoms (MRKPs) for adult male and female for use in radiation protection dosimetry journal April 2019
Backscattered electron emission after proton impact on gold nanoparticles with and without polymer shell coating journal June 2019
The impact of sensitive volume thickness for silicon on insulator microdosimeters in hadron therapy journal January 2020
Advanced laser-driven ion sources and their applications in materials and nuclear science journal December 2019
Characterizing extreme laser intensities by ponderomotive acceleration of protons from rarified gas journal February 2020
A feasibility study on 3D interaction position estimation using deep neural network in Cherenkov-based detector: a Monte Carlo simulation study journal March 2019
A theoretical multileaf collimator model for fast Monte Carlo dose calculation of linac 6/10 MV photon beams journal August 2019
Measurement of ambient neutrons in an underground laboratory at the Kamioka Observatory journal December 2018
Measurement and modeling of electron-cloud-induced betatron tune shifts at the Cornell Electron-Positron Storage Ring test accelerator journal August 2019
β -decay spectroscopy of S 27 journal June 2019
Heavy resonances at energy-frontier hadron colliders journal July 2019
Performance study of the Jalousie detector baseline design for the ESS thermal powder diffractometer HEIMDAL through GEANT4 simulations text January 2019
Assessment of Radio-Induced Damage in Endothelial Cells Irradiated with 40 kVp, 220 kVp, and 4 MV X-rays by Means of Micro and Nanodosimetric Calculations journal December 2019
Magnetic Shielding of Soft Protons in Future X-Ray Telescopes: The Case of the ATHENA Wide Field Imager journal October 2018
Sensitivity of Super-Kamiokande with Gadolinium to Low Energy Antineutrinos from Pre-supernova Emission journal November 2019
Observation of New Properties of Secondary Cosmic Rays Lithium, Beryllium, and Boron by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station text January 2018
High Fidelity Monte Carlo for Fusion Neutronics text January 2018
Towards Understanding the Origin of Cosmic-Ray Electrons text January 2019
Gamma-ray attenuation properties of some NLO materials: potential use in dosimetry journal November 2019
Localising functionalised gold-nanoparticles in murine spinal cords by X-ray fluorescence imaging and background-reduction through spatial filtering for human-sized objects journal November 2018
Numerical simulation of novel concept 4D cardiac microtomography for small rodents based on all-optical Thomson scattering X-ray sources journal June 2019
Implementation and validation of the GEANT4/AtRIS code to model the radiation environment at Mars journal January 2019
Cosmogenic activation of materials conference January 2005
A Monte Carlo model for organ dose reconstruction of patients in pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton therapy for epidemiologic studies of late effects journal January 2020
BIANCA, a biophysical model of cell survival and chromosome damage by protons, C-ions and He-ions at energies and doses used in hadrontherapy journal March 2018
A full-scale clinical prototype for proton range verification using prompt gamma-ray spectroscopy journal September 2018
Scintillating fibre detector for the Mu3e experiment journal July 2017
Proton therapy for non-squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: planning comparison and toxicity journal May 2019
Clinical Validation of a Ray-Casting Analytical Dose Engine for Spot Scanning Proton Delivery Systems journal January 2019
A biomimetic approach to shielding from ionizing radiation: The case of melanized fungi journal April 2020
Survival of Radioresistant Bacteria on Europa’s Surface after Pulse Ejection of Subsurface Ocean Water journal December 2018
A measurement of the ionization efficiency of nuclear recoils in silicon text January 2017
Observation of the Identical Rigidity Dependence of He, C, and O Cosmic Rays at High Rigidities by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station text January 2017
Precision Measurement of Cosmic-Ray Nitrogen and its Primary and Secondary Components with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station text January 2018
Optimization of Monte Carlo particle transport parameters and validation of a novel high throughput experimental setup to measure the biological effects of particle beams journal October 2017
High Fidelity Monte Carlo for Fusion Neutronics book June 2019
Contact-less phonon detection with massive cryogenic absorbers journal November 2019
Feasibility study of a compact neutron resonance transmission analysis instrument journal January 2020
Dosimetric evaluation of a commercial proton spot scanning Monte-Carlo dose algorithm: comparisons against measurements and simulations journal September 2017
Bremsstrahlung hard x-ray source driven by an electron beam from a self-modulated laser wakefield accelerator journal March 2018
Performance study of the Jalousie detector baseline design for the ESS thermal powder diffractometer HEIMDAL through GEANT4 simulations journal October 2019
Precision Measurement of Cosmic-Ray Nitrogen and its Primary and Secondary Components with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station text January 2018
Evaluation of Monte Carlo tools for high-energy atmospheric physics II: relativistic runaway electron avalanches journal January 2018
Observation of Fine Time Structures in the Cosmic Proton and Helium Fluxes with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station text January 2018
The Atmospheric Radiation Interaction Simulator (AtRIS): Description and Validation journal January 2019
The HiggsTools handbook: a beginners guide to decoding the Higgs sector journal May 2018
Cosmogenic activation of materials
  • Cebrián, S.
  • LOW RADIOACTIVITY TECHNIQUES 2013 (LRT 2013): Proceedings of the IV International Workshop in Low Radioactivity Techniques, AIP Conference Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4818094
conference January 2013
E 0 transition strength in stable Ni isotopes journal February 2019
Towards Understanding the Origin of Cosmic-Ray Electrons text January 2019
Correlated Prompt Fission Data in Transport Simulations text January 2017
Yields and production rates of cosmogenic $^9$Li and $^8$He measured with the Double Chooz near and far detectors text January 2018
Energy Loss Due to Defect Formation from $^{206}$Pb Recoils in SuperCDMS Germanium Detectors text January 2018
Effect of rectangular grooves and checkerboard patterns on the electron emission yield text January 2019
A physically cryptographic warhead verification system using neutron induced nuclear resonances text January 2019
Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) for compact beam source modelling in Monte Carlo simulations text January 2019
Geant4-based electromagnetic background model for the CRESST dark matter experiment text January 2019
Plasma lens-based beam extraction and removal system for Plasma Wakefield Acceleration experiments text January 2019
Properties of Cosmic Helium Isotopes Measured by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer text January 2019
A simplified Monte Carlo algorithm considering large‐angle scattering for fast and accurate calculation of proton dose journal November 2017
CyberKnife®fixed cone and Iris™ defined small radiation fields: Assessment with a high-resolution solid-state detector array journal July 2018
Validation of the RayStation Monte Carlo dose calculation algorithm using a realistic lung phantom journal November 2019
First results from the LUCID-Timepix spacecraft payload onboard the TechDemoSat-1 satellite in Low Earth Orbit journal March 2019
Simulation of a radiobiology facility for the Centre for the Clinical Application of Particles journal September 2019
The HiSPARC experiment
  • van Dam, K.; van Eijk, B.; Fokkema, D. B. R. A.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 959 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2020.163577
journal April 2020
Simulation of head and neck cancer oxygenation and doubling time in a 4D cellular model with angiogenesis journal September 2017
Advances in Monte-Carlo code TRIPOLI-4®’s treatment of the electromagnetic cascade journal January 2018
CCMod: a GATE module for Compton camera imaging simulation journal February 2020
Design and modeling of a Laue lens for radiation therapy with hard x-ray photons journal December 2021
Synchrotron radiation backgrounds for the FCC-hh experiments journal July 2017
A standalone simulation framework of the MRPC detector read out in waveforms journal September 2018
Imaging by muons and their induced secondary particles—a novel technique journal June 2020
Monte Carlo modeling of a 60Co MRI-guided radiotherapy system on Geant4 and experimental verification of dose calculation under a magnetic field of 0.35 T journal November 2018
Gamma-ray spectrum from thermal neutron capture on gadolinium-157 journal February 2019
Simulation of live-cell imaging system reveals hidden uncertainties in cooperative binding measurements journal July 2019
The Geant4 mass model of the ATHENA Silicon Pore Optics and its effect on soft proton scattering conference July 2018
Bent crystals for efficient beam steering of multi TeV-particle beams journal September 2018
Monte Carlo verification of radiotherapy treatments with CloudMC journal June 2018
Monte Carlo Characterization of the Cosmic Ray Muon Flux in Subsurface Geological Repositories text January 2019
Simulating the Impact of the Natural Radiation Background on Bacterial Systems: Implications for Very Low Radiation Biological Experiments journal November 2016
Improved iterative reconstruction method for Compton imaging using median filter journal March 2020
Clinical and Research Activities at the CATANA Facility of INFN-LNS: From the Conventional Hadrontherapy to the Laser-Driven Approach journal September 2017
Corrigendum: Clinical and Research Activities at the CATANA Facility of INFN-LNS: From the Conventional Hadrontherapy to the Laser-Driven Approach journal October 2017
Dosimetry and Calorimetry Performance of a Scientific CMOS Camera for Environmental Monitoring journal October 2020
A fully active fine grained detector with three readout views text January 2017
Electromagnetic dipole moments of charged baryons with bent crystals at the LHC text January 2017
The Impact of Incorporating Shell-corrections to Energy Loss in Silicon text January 2017
Strategic Plan for a Scientific Software Innovation Institute (S2I2) for High Energy Physics preprint January 2017
Improvements to Inference Compilation for Probabilistic Programming in Large-Scale Scientific Simulators preprint January 2017
Test beam measurement of the first prototype of the fast silicon pixel monolithic detector for the TT-PET project text January 2018
Virtual depth by active background suppression: Revisiting the cosmic muon induced background of GERDA Phase II text January 2018
Efficient Probabilistic Inference in the Quest for Physics Beyond the Standard Model text January 2018
DeepMCDose: A Deep Learning Method for Efficient Monte Carlo Beamlet Dose Calculation by Predictive Denoising in MR-Guided Radiotherapy preprint January 2019
Letter of Intent for the LUXE Experiment preprint January 2019
GEANT4 Parameter Tuning Using Professor text January 2019
Calibration of RADMON Radiation Monitor Onboard Aalto-1 CubeSat text January 2019
WIMP Dark Matter at the International Linear Collider text January 2020
Production and measurement of $e^{+}e^{-}\rightarrow c\bar{c}$ signatures at the 250 GeV ILC preprint January 2020
Vertex-Finding and Reconstruction of Contained Two-track Neutrino Events in the MicroBooNE Detector text January 2020
Soft proton scattering at grazing incidence from X-ray mirrors: analysis of experimental data in the framework of the non-elastic approximation text January 2020
TAO Conceptual Design Report: A Precision Measurement of the Reactor Antineutrino Spectrum with Sub-percent Energy Resolution preprint January 2020
Ab initio electronic stopping power for protons in Ga$_{0.5}$In$_{0.5}$P/GaAs/Ge triple-junction solar cells for space applications text January 2020
Prospects for Beyond the Standard Model Physics Searches at the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment text January 2020
Simulating gamma-ray production from cosmic rays interacting with the solar atmosphere in the presence of coronal magnetic fields preprint January 2020
Probing the cosmic ray energy spectrum at $10^{12}$--$10^{16}$ eV with two HiSPARC scintillators preprint January 2020
Origin of the in-orbit instrumental background of the Hard X-ray Imager onboard Hitomi preprint January 2020
Geant4 simulation of the moderating neutrons spectrum preprint January 2020
A software toolkit to simulate activation background for high energy detectors onboard satellites text January 2021
Susceptibility of Group-IV and III-V Semiconductor-Based Electronics to Atmospheric Neutrons Explored by Geant4 Numerical Simulations book July 2018

Similar Records

Applications of the Monte Carlo method in nuclear physics using the GEANT4 toolkit
Journal Article · Wed Jun 03 00:00:00 EDT 2009 · AIP Conference Proceedings · OSTI ID:1329056

GEANT4--a simulation toolkit
Journal Article · Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2003 · Nucl.Instrum.Meth.A · OSTI ID:1329056

Geant4 - A Simulation Toolkit
Technical Report · Fri Aug 09 00:00:00 EDT 2002 · OSTI ID:1329056