Controlled Shape Memory Behavior of a Smectic Main-Chain Liquid Crystalline Elastomer

Li, Yuzhan; Pruitt, Cole; Rios, Orlando; Wei, Liqing; Rock, Mitch; Keum, Jong K.; McDonald, Armando G.; Kessler, Michael R.

doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00519

Title: Controlled Shape Memory Behavior of a Smectic Main-Chain Liquid Crystalline Elastomer

Journal Article · Fri Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Macromolecules

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00519· OSTI ID:1324048

Li, Yuzhan ^[1]; Pruitt, Cole ^[1]; Rios, Orlando ^[2]; Wei, Liqing ^[3]; Rock, Mitch ^[1]; Keum, Jong K. ^[4]; McDonald, Armando G. ^[3]; Kessler, Michael R. ^[1]

Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States). School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Deposition Sciences Group
Univ. of Idaho, Moscow, ID (United States). Dept. of Forest, Rangeland and Fire Sciences
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Science (CNMS)

Here, we describe how a smectic main-chain liquid crystalline elastomer (LCE), with controlled shape memory behavior, is synthesized by polymerizing a biphenyl-based epoxy monomer with an aliphatic carboxylic acid curing agent. Microstructures of the LCEs, including their liquid crystallinity and cross-linking density, are modified by adjusting the stoichiometric ratio of the reactants to tailor the thermomechanical properties and shape memory behavior of the material. Thermal and liquid crystalline properties of the LCEs, characterized using differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis, and structural analysis, performed using small-angle and wide-angle X-ray scattering, show that liquid crystallinity, cross-linking density, and network rigidity are strongly affected by the stoichiometry of the curing reaction. With appropriate structural modifications it is possible to tune the thermal, dynamic mechanical, and thermomechanical properties as well as the shape memory and thermal degradation behavior of LCEs.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Manufacturing Demonstration Facility (MDF); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Critical Materials Institute (CMI)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; A-9550-12-1-0108

OSTI ID:: 1324048

Journal Information:: Macromolecules, Vol. 48, Issue 9; ISSN 0024-9297

Publisher:: American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 42 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (29)

Shape-Memory Polymers Lendlein, Andreas; Kelch, Steffen Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 41, Issue 12, p. 2034-2057 https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-3773(20020617)41:12<2034::AID-ANIE2034>3.0.CO;2-M	journal	June 2002
Multifunctional Shape-Memory Polymers Behl, Marc; Razzaq, Muhammad Yasar; Lendlein, Andreas Advanced Materials, Vol. 22, Issue 31 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200904447	journal	June 2010
Recent advances in shape–memory polymers: Structure, mechanism, functionality, modeling and applications Hu, Jinlian; Zhu, Yong; Huang, Huahua Progress in Polymer Science, Vol. 37, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2012.06.001	journal	December 2012
Liquid Crystal Elastomers with Mechanical Properties of a Muscle Thomsen, Donald L.; Keller, Patrick; Naciri, Jawad Macromolecules, Vol. 34, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1021/ma001639q	journal	August 2001
Directed bending of a polymer film by light Yu, Yanlei; Nakano, Makoto; Ikeda, Tomiki Nature, Vol. 425, Issue 6954 https://doi.org/10.1038/425145a	journal	September 2003
Opto-Mechanical Effect in Photoactive Nematic Side-Chain Liquid-Crystalline Elastomers: Opto-Mechanical Effect in Photoactive … Sánchez-Ferrer, Antoni; Merekalov, Alexey; Finkelmann, Heino Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Vol. 32, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.201100005	journal	March 2011
Photomobile Polymer Materials: Towards Light-Driven Plastic Motors Yamada, Munenori; Kondo, Mizuho; Mamiya, Jun-ichi Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 47, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200800760	journal	June 2008
Photomobile polymer materials—various three-dimensional movements Yamada, Munenori; Kondo, Mizuho; Miyasato, Ryo J. Mater. Chem., Vol. 19, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/B815289F	journal	January 2009
Liquid-Crystalline Elastomer-Nanoparticle Hybrids with Reversible Switch of Magnetic Memory Haberl, Johannes M.; Sánchez-Ferrer, Antoni; Mihut, Adriana M. Advanced Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201204406	journal	January 2013
Magnetoactive liquid crystal elastomer nanocomposites Kaiser, Andreas; Winkler, Moritz; Krause, Simon J. Mater. Chem., Vol. 19, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1039/B813120C	journal	January 2009
Liquid Crystalline Elastomers as Actuators and Sensors Ohm, Christian; Brehmer, Martin; Zentel, Rudolf Advanced Materials, Vol. 22, Issue 31 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200904059	journal	May 2010
Anisotropic Colloidal Micromuscles from Liquid Crystal Elastomers Marshall, Jean E.; Gallagher, Sarah; Terentjev, Eugene M. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 136, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja410930g	journal	December 2013
Micron-Sized Main-Chain Liquid Crystalline Elastomer Actuators with Ultralarge Amplitude Contractions Yang, Hong; Buguin, Axel; Taulemesse, Jean-Marie Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 131, Issue 41 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja905363f	journal	October 2009
Mouldable liquid-crystalline elastomer actuators with exchangeable covalent bonds Pei, Zhiqiang; Yang, Yang; Chen, Qiaomei Nature Materials, Vol. 13, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3812	journal	December 2013
Photomechanics of Liquid-Crystalline Elastomers and Other Polymers Ikeda, Tomiki; Mamiya, Jun-ichi; Yu, Yanlei Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 46, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200602372	journal	January 2007
Printed artificial cilia from liquid-crystal network actuators modularly driven by light van Oosten, Casper L.; Bastiaansen, Cees W. M.; Broer, Dirk J. Nature Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2487	journal	June 2009
Effect of Cross-linking Density on Photoinduced Bending Behavior of Oriented Liquid-Crystalline Network Films Containing Azobenzene Yu, Yanlei; Nakano, Makoto; Shishido, Atsushi Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 16, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/cm035092g	journal	May 2004
Combined One-Way and Two-Way Shape Memory in a Glass-Forming Nematic Network Qin, Haihu; Mather, Patrick T. Macromolecules, Vol. 42, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/ma8022926	journal	January 2009
Main-Chain Liquid Crystalline Elastomers: Monomer and Cross-Linker Molecular Control of the Thermotropic and Elastic Properties Bispo, Miguel; Guillon, Daniel; Donnio, Bertrand Macromolecules, Vol. 41, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/ma7026929	journal	May 2008
Polydomain-Monodomain Orientational Process in Smectic-C Main-Chain Liquid-Crystalline Elastomers Sánchez-Ferrer, Antoni; Finkelmann, Heino Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Vol. 32, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.201000590	journal	December 2010
Elongation Behavior of a Main-Chain Smectic Liquid Crystalline Elastomer Ishige, Ryohei; Osada, Kensuke; Tagawa, Hirotaka Macromolecules, Vol. 41, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1021/ma801665a	journal	October 2008
A Continuous Flow Synthesis of Micrometer-Sized Actuators from Liquid Crystalline Elastomers Ohm, Christian; Serra, Christophe; Zentel, Rudolf Advanced Materials, Vol. 21, Issue 47 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200901522	journal	July 2009
Photoswitchable Smectic Liquid-Crystalline Elastomers Beyer, Patrick; Zentel, Rudolf Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Vol. 26, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.200500093	journal	June 2005
Exploiting Microphase-Separated Morphologies of Side-Chain Liquid Crystalline Polymer Networks for Triple Shape Memory Properties Ahn, Suk-kyun; Kasi, Rajeswari M. Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 21, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201101369	journal	September 2011
Shape Memory Behavior of Side-Chain Liquid Crystalline Polymer Networks Triggered by Dual Transition Temperatures Ahn, Suk-kyun; Deshmukh, Prashant; Kasi, Rajeswari M. Macromolecules, Vol. 43, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1021/ma101145r	journal	August 2010
Shape Memory Effect Exhibited by Smectic-C Liquid Crystalline Elastomers Rousseau, Ingrid A.; Mather, Patrick T. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 125, Issue 50 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja039001s	journal	December 2003
Side-Chain Liquid Crystalline Polymer Networks: Exploiting Nanoscale Smectic Polymorphism To Design Shape-Memory Polymers Ahn, Suk-kyun; Deshmukh, Prashant; Gopinadhan, Manesh ACS Nano, Vol. 5, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/nn200211c	journal	March 2011
Liquid crystalline epoxy resin based on biphenyl mesogen: Thermal characterization Li, Yuzhan; Badrinarayanan, Prashanth; Kessler, Michael R. Polymer, Vol. 54, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2013.03.043	journal	May 2013
Deformation of a Polydomain, Liquid Crystalline Epoxy-Based Thermoset Ortiz, C.; Kim, R.; Rodighiero, E. Macromolecules, Vol. 31, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1021/ma971439n	journal	June 1998

Cited By (5)

Thiol-acrylate main-chain liquid-crystalline elastomers with tunable thermomechanical properties and actuation strain Saed, Mohand O.; Torbati, Amir H.; Starr, Chelsea A. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, Vol. 55, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.24249	journal	October 2016
Synthesis and characterisation of biodegradable liquid crystal elastomer with the property of shape recovery Xu, Mingyao; Cong, Yuehua; Zhang, Baoyan Liquid Crystals, Vol. 44, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1080/02678292.2017.1308022	journal	March 2017
Motion control in free-standing shape-memory actuators Belmonte, Alberto; Lama, Giuseppe C.; Cerruti, Pierfrancesco Smart Materials and Structures, Vol. 27, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665x/aac278	journal	May 2018
Optically and thermally activated shape memory supramolecular liquid crystalline polymers Fu, Shangyi; Zhang, Hu; Zhao, Yue Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 4, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1039/c6tc00718j	journal	January 2016
Liquid crystal elastomer actuators: Synthesis, alignment, and applications Kularatne, Ruvini S.; Kim, Hyun; Boothby, Jennifer M. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, Vol. 55, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.24287	journal	January 2017

Similar Records

Multiscale Structural Characterization of a Smectic Liquid Crystalline Elastomer upon Mechanical Deformation Using Neutron Scattering

Journal Article · Mon Oct 18 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Macromolecules · OSTI ID:1324048

Li, Yuzhan; Keum, Jong K.; Wang, Jun; +4 more

Epoxy elastomers reinforced with functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes as stimuli-responsive shape memory materials

Journal Article · Thu May 15 00:00:00 EDT 2014 · AIP Conference Proceedings · OSTI ID:1324048

Lama, G. C.; Nasti, G.; Cerruti, P.; +3 more

Combined light- and heat-induced shape memory behavior of anthracene-based epoxy elastomers

Journal Article · Thu Nov 19 00:00:00 EST 2020 · Scientific Reports · OSTI ID:1324048

Li, Yuzhan; Goswami, Monojoy; Zhang, Yuehong; +5 more

Related Subjects

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Title: Controlled Shape Memory Behavior of a Smectic Main-Chain Liquid Crystalline Elastomer

Citation Formats

References (29)

Cited By (5)

Similar Records

Related Subjects