X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of select multi-layered transition metal carbides (MXenes)

Halim, Joseph; Cook, Kevin M.; Naguib, Michael; Eklund, Per; Gogotsi, Yury; Rosen, Johanna; Barsoum, Michel W.

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.11.089

Title: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of select multi-layered transition metal carbides (MXenes)

Journal Article · Tue Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 2015 · Applied Surface Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.11.089· OSTI ID:1286976

Halim, Joseph ^[1]; Cook, Kevin M. ^[2]; Naguib, Michael ^[3]; Eklund, Per ^[4]; Gogotsi, Yury ^[1]; Rosen, Johanna ^[4]; Barsoum, Michel W. ^[1]

Drexel Univ., Philadelphia, PA (United States); Linkoping Univ. (Sweden)
Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Linkoping Univ. (Sweden)

A detailed high resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis is presented in this work for select MXenes—a recently discovered family of two-dimensional (2D) carbides and carbonitrides. Given their 2D nature, understanding their surface chemistry is paramount. Thus we identify and quantify the surface groups present before, and after, sputter-cleaning as well as freshly prepared vs. aged multi-layered cold pressed discs. The nominal compositions of the MXenes studied here are Ti₃C₂T_x, Ti₂CT_x, Ti₃CNTx, Nb₂CT_x and Nb₄C₃T_x, where T represents surface groups that this work attempts to quantify. In all the cases, the presence of three surface terminations, single bondO, single bondOH and single bondF, in addition to OH-terminations relatively strongly bonded to H₂O molecules, was confirmed. Moreover, from XPS peak fits, it was possible to establish the average sum of the negative charges of the terminations for the aforementioned MXenes. Based on this work, it is now possible to quantify the nature of the surface terminations. This information can, in turn, be used to better design and tailor these novel 2D materials for various applications.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

View Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1286976

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1396961

Journal Information:: Applied Surface Science, Vol. 362, Issue C; ISSN 0169-4332

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 1020 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (68)

A roadmap for graphene Novoselov, K. S.; Fal′ko, V. I.; Colombo, L. Nature, Vol. 490, Issue 7419 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11458	journal	October 2012
Ultrahigh electron mobility in suspended graphene Bolotin, K. I.; Sikes, K. J.; Jiang, Z. Solid State Communications, Vol. 146, Issue 9-10, p. 351-355 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssc.2008.02.024	journal	June 2008
Fine Structure Constant Defines Visual Transparency of Graphene Nair, R. R.; Blake, P.; Grigorenko, A. N. Science, Vol. 320, Issue 5881 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1156965	journal	June 2008
Atomic layers of hybridized boron nitride and graphene domains Ci, Lijie; Song, Li; Jin, Chuanhong Nature Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 5, p. 430-435 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2711	journal	February 2010
Two-Dimensional Nanosheets Produced by Liquid Exfoliation of Layered Materials Coleman, J. N.; Lotya, M.; O'Neill, A. Science, Vol. 331, Issue 6017, p. 568-571 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1194975	journal	February 2011
Grains and grain boundaries in highly crystalline monolayer molybdenum disulphide van der Zande, Arend M.; Huang, Pinshane Y.; Chenet, Daniel A. Nature Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 6, p. 554-561 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3633	journal	May 2013
Vapour phase growth and grain boundary structure of molybdenum disulphide atomic layers Najmaei, Sina; Liu, Zheng; Zhou, Wu Nature Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 8, p. 754-759 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3673	journal	June 2013
Nanosheets of Oxides and Hydroxides: Ultimate 2D Charge-Bearing Functional Crystallites Ma, Renzhi; Sasaki, Takayoshi Advanced Materials, Vol. 22, Issue 45 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201001722	journal	October 2010
Liquid Exfoliation of Layered Materials Nicolosi, V.; Chhowalla, M.; Kanatzidis, M. G. Science, Vol. 340, Issue 6139, p. 1226419 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1226419	journal	June 2013
Synthesis of graphene-based nanosheets via chemical reduction of exfoliated graphite oxide Stankovich, Sasha; Dikin, Dmitriy A.; Piner, Richard D. Carbon, Vol. 45, Issue 7, p. 1558-1565 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2007.02.034	journal	June 2007
Direct probe of linearly dispersing 2D interband plasmons in a free-standing graphene monolayer Kinyanjui, M. K.; Kramberger, C.; Pichler, T. EPL (Europhysics Letters), Vol. 97, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/97/57005	journal	March 2012
Plasmon dispersion and damping in electrically isolated two-dimensional charge sheets Liu, Yu; Willis, R. F.; Emtsev, K. V. Physical Review B, Vol. 78, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.78.201403	journal	November 2008
Evidence for acoustic-like plasmons on epitaxial graphene on Pt(111) Politano, A.; Marino, A. R.; Formoso, V. Physical Review B, Vol. 84, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.84.033401	journal	July 2011
Chemical Modification of Epitaxial Graphene: Spontaneous Grafting of Aryl Groups Bekyarova, Elena; Itkis, Mikhail E.; Ramesh, Palanisamy Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 131, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja8057327	journal	February 2009
The chemistry of graphene oxide Dreyer, Daniel R.; Park, Sungjin; Bielawski, Christopher W. Chem. Soc. Rev., Vol. 39, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/B917103G	journal	January 2010
Raman Spectra of Graphite Oxide and Functionalized Graphene Sheets Kudin, Konstantin N.; Ozbas, Bulent; Schniepp, Hannes C. Nano Letters, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl071822y	journal	January 2008
Two-Dimensional Nanocrystals Produced by Exfoliation of Ti₃AlC₂ Naguib, Michael; Kurtoglu, Murat; Presser, Volker Advanced Materials, Vol. 23, Issue 37, p. 4248-4253 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201102306	journal	August 2011
Conductive two-dimensional titanium carbide ‘clay’ with high volumetric capacitance Ghidiu, Michael; Lukatskaya, Maria R.; Zhao, Meng-Qiang Nature, Vol. 516, Issue 7529 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13970	journal	November 2014
Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Carbides Naguib, Michael; Mashtalir, Olha; Carle, Joshua ACS Nano, Vol. 6, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/nn204153h	journal	January 2012
New Two-Dimensional Niobium and Vanadium Carbides as Promising Materials for Li-Ion Batteries Naguib, Michael; Halim, Joseph; Lu, Jun Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 135, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja405735d	journal	October 2013
Transparent Conductive Two-Dimensional Titanium Carbide Epitaxial Thin Films Halim, Joseph; Lukatskaya, Maria R.; Cook, Kevin M. Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/cm500641a	journal	March 2014
25th Anniversary Article: MXenes: A New Family of Two-Dimensional Materials Naguib, Michael; Mochalin, Vadym N.; Barsoum, Michel W. Advanced Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 7, p. 992-1005 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201304138	journal	December 2013
Synthesis and characterization of two-dimensional Nb ₄ C ₃ (MXene) Ghidiu, M.; Naguib, M.; Shi, C. Chem. Commun., Vol. 50, Issue 67 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CC03366C	journal	January 2014
Two-Dimensional, Ordered, Double Transition Metals Carbides (MXenes) Anasori, Babak; Xie, Yu; Beidaghi, Majid ACS Nano, Vol. 9, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b03591	journal	August 2015
MXene: a promising transition metal carbide anode for lithium-ion batteries Naguib, Michael; Come, Jérémy; Dyatkin, Boris Electrochemistry Communications, Vol. 16, Issue 1, p. 61-64 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2012.01.002	journal	March 2012
Intercalation and delamination of layered carbides and carbonitrides Mashtalir, Olha; Naguib, Michael; Mochalin, Vadym N. Nature Communications, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms2664	journal	April 2013
Are MXenes Promising Anode Materials for Li Ion Batteries? Computational Studies on Electronic Properties and Li Storage Capability of Ti ₃ C ₂ and Ti ₃ C ₂ X ₂ (X = F, OH) Monolayer Tang, Qing; Zhou, Zhen; Shen, Panwen Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 134, Issue 40 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja308463r	journal	September 2012
A Non-Aqueous Asymmetric Cell with a Ti ₂ C-Based Two-Dimensional Negative Electrode Come, J.; Naguib, M.; Rozier, P. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 159, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.003208jes	journal	January 2012
Cation Intercalation and High Volumetric Capacitance of Two-Dimensional Titanium Carbide Lukatskaya, M. R.; Mashtalir, O.; Ren, C. E. Science, Vol. 341, Issue 6153 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1241488	journal	September 2013
Dye adsorption and decomposition on two-dimensional titanium carbide in aqueous media Mashtalir, O.; Cook, K. M.; Mochalin, V. N. J. Mater. Chem. A, Vol. 2, Issue 35 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4TA02638A	journal	January 2014
Unique Lead Adsorption Behavior of Activated Hydroxyl Group in Two-Dimensional Titanium Carbide Peng, Qiuming; Guo, Jianxin; Zhang, Qingrui Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 136, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja500506k	journal	March 2014
Synthesis of ruthenium nanoparticles deposited on graphene-like transition metal carbide as an effective catalyst for the hydrolysis of sodium borohydride Li, Xiaojing; Fan, Guangyin; Zeng, Chunmei International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 39, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.07.029	journal	September 2014
Flexible and conductive MXene films and nanocomposites with high capacitance Ling, Zheng; Ren, Chang E.; Zhao, Meng-Qiang Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 111, Issue 47 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1414215111	journal	November 2014
Large-scale delamination of multi-layers transition metal carbides and carbonitrides “MXenes” Naguib, Michael; Unocic, Raymond R.; Armstrong, Beth L. Dalton Transactions, Vol. 44, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1039/C5DT01247C	journal	January 2015
Amine-Assisted Delamination of Nb ₂ C MXene for Li-Ion Energy Storage Devices Mashtalir, Olha; Lukatskaya, Maria R.; Zhao, Meng-Qiang Advanced Materials, Vol. 27, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201500604	journal	April 2015
Elemental Analogues of Graphene: Silicene, Germanene, Stanene, and Phosphorene Balendhran, Sivacarendran; Walia, Sumeet; Nili, Hussein Small, Vol. 11, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201402041	journal	November 2014
Atomistic insight into the oxidation of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides: from structures to electronic properties Liu, Hongsheng; Han, Nannan; Zhao, Jijun RSC Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4RA17320A	journal	January 2015
One-step synthesis of nanocrystalline transition metal oxides on thin sheets of disordered graphitic carbon by oxidation of MXenes Naguib, Michael; Mashtalir, Olha; Lukatskaya, Maria R. Chem. Commun., Vol. 50, Issue 56 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CC01646G	journal	January 2014
In situ environmental transmission electron microscopy study of oxidation of two-dimensional Ti ₃ C ₂ and formation of carbon-supported TiO ₂ Ghassemi, H.; Harlow, W.; Mashtalir, O. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 2, Issue 35 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4TA02583K	journal	January 2014
Synthesis and thermal stability of two-dimensional carbide MXene Ti3C2 Li, Zhengyang; Wang, Libo; Sun, Dandan Materials Science and Engineering: B, Vol. 191 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2014.10.009	journal	January 2015
Thermal stability of two-dimensional Ti2C nanosheets Li, Jingxiao; Du, Yulei; Huo, Chengxue Ceramics International, Vol. 41, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.10.070	journal	March 2015
In situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies of water on metals and oxides at ambient conditions Yamamoto, S.; Bluhm, H.; Andersson, K. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 20, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/20/18/184025	journal	April 2008
Electronic structure of titanium(III) and titanium(IV) halides studied by solid-phase x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Mousty-Desbuquoit, Christine; Riga, Joseph; Verbist, Jacques J. Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 26, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00255a008	journal	April 1987
Hydrogen sorption kinetics of MgH2 catalyzed with NbF5 Luo, Ye; Wang, Ping; Ma, Lai-Peng Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 453, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.11.113	journal	April 2008
Angle resolved XPS studies of oxides at Nb-, NbN-, NbC- and Nb3Sn-surfaces Halbritter, J.; Darlinski, A. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 23, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.1987.1065079	journal	March 1987
XRD, XPS and SEM characterisation of Cu–NbC nanocomposite produced by mechanical alloying Marques, M. T.; Ferraria, A. M.; Correia, J. B. Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 109, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2007.10.032	journal	May 2008
ARXPS-analysis of sputtered TiC, SiC and Ti0.5Si0.5C layers Schier, V.; Michel, H. -J.; Halbritter, J. Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 346, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00321420	journal	January 1993
Influence of sputter damage on the XPS analysis of metastable nanocomposite coatings Lewin, Erik; Gorgoi, Mihaela; Schäfers, Franz Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol. 204, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2009.08.006	journal	November 2009
Crystal-chemistry of the Ti3AlC2 and Ti4AlN3 layered carbide/nitride phases—characterization by XPS Myhra, S.; Crossley, J. A. A.; Barsoum, M. W. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, Vol. 62, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3697(00)00268-7	journal	April 2001
Room-Temperature Carbide-Derived Carbon Synthesis by Electrochemical Etching of MAX Phases Lukatskaya, Maria R.; Halim, Joseph; Dyatkin, Boris Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 53, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201402513	journal	April 2014
XPS analysis of laser transmission micro-joint between poly (vinylidene fluoride) and titanium Sultana, Taslema; Georgiev, Grigor L.; Auner, Greg Applied Surface Science, Vol. 255, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2008.07.149	journal	December 2008
Properties of TiC thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition Santerre, F.; El Khakani, M. A.; Chaker, M. Applied Surface Science, Vol. 148, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-4332(99)00139-7	journal	June 1999
TiO ₂ by XPS Diebold, Ulrike; Madey, T. E. Surface Science Spectra, Vol. 4, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1116/1.1247794	journal	July 1996
Partially Fluorinated Metal Oxide Catalysts for a Friedel–Crafts-type Reaction of Dichlorofluoromethane with Tetrafluoroethylene Tanuma, T.; Okamoto, H.; Ohnishi, K. Catalysis Letters, Vol. 136, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-009-0197-3	journal	October 2009
Photoreaction of Ethanol on TiO ₂ (110) Single-Crystal Surface Jayaweera, P. M.; Quah, E. L.; Idriss, H. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 111, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp0657538	journal	February 2007
Fluorine-Induced corrosion of aluminium microchip bond pads: An XPS and AES analysis: CORROSION OF ALUMINIUM MICROCHIP BOND PADS Ernst, K. -H.; Grman, D.; Hauert, R. Surface and Interface Analysis, Vol. 21, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.740211003	journal	October 1994
Depth-Dependent Electrical Impedance Distribution in Al ₂ O ₃ Films on Al(111)Detection of an Inner Barrier Layer Popova, I.; Zhukov, V.; Yates, J. T. Langmuir, Vol. 16, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1021/la001009h	journal	December 2000
XPS analysis of the surface composition of niobium for superconducting RF cavities Daccà, A.; Gemme, G.; Mattera, L. Applied Surface Science, Vol. 126, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-4332(97)00790-3	journal	April 1998
Nb2O5 thin films obtained by chemical spray pyrolysis Romero, R.; Ramos-Barrado, J. R.; Martin, F. Surface and Interface Analysis, Vol. 36, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.1793	journal	August 2004
Bipolar resistive switching characteristics of atomic layer deposited Nb2O5 thin films for nonvolatile memory application Chen, Lin; Sun, Qing-Qing; Gu, Jing-Jing Current Applied Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2010.12.005	journal	May 2011
Facile preparation of hierarchical Nb ₂ O ₅ microspheres with photocatalytic activities and electrochemical properties Guo, Sheng-qi; Zhang, Xiao; Zhou, Zhen J. Mater. Chem. A, Vol. 2, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4TA01567C	journal	January 2014
High temperature oxidation of Nb, NbC and Ni3Nb and oxygen enhanced crack growth Miller, Christopher F.; Simmons, Gary W.; Wei, Robert P. Scripta Materialia, Vol. 42, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6462(99)00336-X	journal	January 2000
The investigation of NbO ₂ and Nb ₂ O ₅ electronic structure by XPS, UPS and first principles methods : The investigation of NbO2 and Nb2O5 electronic structure Weibin, Zhang; Weidong, Wu; Xueming, Wang Surface and Interface Analysis, Vol. 45, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.5253	journal	February 2013
Hybrid density functional study of structural and electronic properties of functionalized Ti $_{n + 1} X_{n}$ ( $X = C$ , N) monolayers Xie, Yu; Kent, P. R. C. Physical Review B, Vol. 87, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.87.235441	journal	June 2013
Probing the Mechanism of High Capacitance in 2D Titanium Carbide Using In Situ X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy Lukatskaya, Maria R.; Bak, Seong-Min; Yu, Xiqian Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201500589	journal	May 2015
Role of Surface Structure on Li-Ion Energy Storage Capacity of Two-Dimensional Transition-Metal Carbides Xie, Yu; Naguib, Michael; Mochalin, Vadym N. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 136, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja501520b	journal	April 2014
High capacitance of surface-modified 2D titanium carbide in acidic electrolyte Dall'Agnese, Yohan; Lukatskaya, Maria R.; Cook, Kevin M. Electrochemistry Communications, Vol. 48 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2014.09.002	journal	November 2014
Substrate-Dependent Reactivity of Water on Metal Carbide Surfaces Didziulis, Stephen V.; Frantz, Peter; Perry, Scott S. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 103, Issue 50 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9923668	journal	December 1999

Cited By (131)

Mechanical Exfoliation of Select MAX Phases and Mo ₄ Ce ₄ Al ₇ C ₃ Single Crystals to Produce MAXenes Gkountaras, Athanasios; Kim, Youngsoo; Coraux, Johann Small, Vol. 16, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201905784	journal	December 2019
Template-free 3D titanium carbide (Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x ) MXene particles crumpled by capillary forces Shah, S. A.; Habib, T.; Gao, H. Chemical Communications, Vol. 53, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/c6cc07733a	journal	January 2017
Effect of mixed surface terminations on the structural and electrochemical properties of two-dimensional Ti ₃ C ₂ T ₂ and V ₂ CT ₂ MXenes multilayers Caffrey, Nuala M. Nanoscale, Vol. 10, Issue 28 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8nr03221a	journal	January 2018
Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXene-derived TiO ₂ /C-QDs as oxidase mimics for the efficient diagnosis of glutathione in human serum Jin, Zhaoyong; Xu, Gengfang; Niu, Yusheng Journal of Materials Chemistry B, Vol. 8, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9tb02478f	journal	January 2020
Self-Assemble and In Situ Formation of Ni ₁₋ _x Fe _x PS ₃ Nanomosaic-Decorated MXene Hybrids for Overall Water Splitting Du, Cheng-Feng; Dinh, Khang Ngoc; Liang, Qinghua Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201801127	journal	August 2018
One-Step Synthesis of Nb ₂ O ₅ /C/Nb ₂ C (MXene) Composites and Their Use as Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Su, Tongming; Peng, Rui; Hood, Zachary D. ChemSusChem, Vol. 11, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201702317	journal	January 2018
One-step Solution Processing of Ag, Au and Pd@MXene Hybrids for SERS Satheeshkumar, Elumalai; Makaryan, Taron; Melikyan, Armen Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep32049	journal	August 2016
A two-dimensional assembly of ultrafine cobalt oxide nanocrystallites anchored on single-layer Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x nanosheets with enhanced lithium storage for Li-ion batteries Sun, Xuan; Tan, Ke; Liu, Yang Nanoscale, Vol. 11, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9nr04377b	journal	January 2019
A small amount of delaminated Ti ₃ C ₂ flakes to greatly enhance the thermal conductivity of boron nitride papers by assembling a well-designed interface Huang, Xianwu; Wu, Peiyi Materials Chemistry Frontiers, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9qm00616h	journal	January 2020
Surface Modified MXene‐Based Nanocomposites for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Yu, Hong; Wang, Yonghui; Jing, Yao Small, Vol. 15, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201901503	journal	May 2019
Synthesis and Characterization of 2D Molybdenum Carbide (MXene) Halim, Joseph; Kota, Sankalp; Lukatskaya, Maria R. Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201505328	journal	February 2016
Highly Conductive Transition Metal Carbide/Carbonitride(MXene)@polystyrene Nanocomposites Fabricated by Electrostatic Assembly for Highly Efficient Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Sun, Renhui; Zhang, Hao-Bin; Liu, Ji Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 27, Issue 45 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201702807	journal	October 2017
Flexible and Multifunctional Silk Textiles with Biomimetic Leaf‐Like MXene/Silver Nanowire Nanostructures for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding, Humidity Monitoring, and Self‐Derived Hydrophobicity Liu, Liu‐Xin; Chen, Wei; Zhang, Hao‐Bin Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 44 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201905197	journal	September 2019
Inherent electrochemistry and charge transfer properties of few-layered two-dimensional Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXene Nayak, Pranati; Jiang, Qiu; Mohanraman, Rajeshkumar Nanoscale, Vol. 10, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8nr01883a	journal	January 2018
A controllable heterogeneous structure and electromagnetic wave absorption properties of Ti ₂ CT _x MXene Li, Xinliang; Yin, Xiaowei; Han, Meikang J. Mater. Chem. C, Vol. 5, Issue 30 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7tc01991b	journal	January 2017
Photoluminescent Ti ₃ C ₂ MXene Quantum Dots for Multicolor Cellular Imaging Xue, Qi; Zhang, Huijie; Zhu, Minshen Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201604847	journal	February 2017
Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXene decorated with Sb nanoparticles as anodes material for sodium-ion batteries Chen, Hong; Chen, Nan; Zhang, Meina Nanotechnology, Vol. 30, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/aafcef	journal	February 2019
Review— Recent Exploration of Two-Dimensional MXenes for Gas Sensing: From a Theoretical to an Experimental View Lee, Eunji; Kim, Dong-Joo Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 167, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0152003jes	journal	January 2020
Microstructure and surface control of MXene films for water purification Xie, Xiuqiang; Chen, Chi; Zhang, Nan Nature Sustainability, Vol. 2, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-019-0373-4	journal	September 2019
In situ synthesis of CNTs@Ti ₃ C ₂ hybrid structures by microwave irradiation for high-performance anodes in lithium ion batteries Zheng, W.; Zhang, P.; Chen, J. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ta10394h	journal	January 2018
A novel MnO ₂ /MXene composite prepared by electrostatic self-assembly and its use as an electrode for enhanced supercapacitive performance Chen, Shu; Xiang, Yuanfang; Xu, Weijian Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8qi00957k	journal	January 2019
Controlling the conductivity of Ti ₃ C ₂ MXenes by inductively coupled oxygen and hydrogen plasma treatment and humidity Römer, Florian M.; Wiedwald, Ulf; Strusch, Tanja RSC Advances, Vol. 7, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ra27505b	journal	January 2017
Enhanced electrocatalytic activity by chemical nitridation of two-dimensional titanium carbide MXene for hydrogen evolution Yoon, Yeoheung; Tiwari, Anand P.; Lee, Minhe Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 42 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta08197b	journal	January 2018
Beyond Gold: Spin‐Coated Ti ₃ C ₂ ‐Based MXene Photodetectors Montazeri, Kiana; Currie, Marc; Verger, Louisiane Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201903271	journal	September 2019
On tuning the cytotoxicity of Ti ₃ C ₂ (MXene) flakes to cancerous and benign cells by post-delamination surface modifications Jastrzębska, A. M.; Szuplewska, A.; Rozmysłowska-Wojciechowska, A. 2D Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/ab6a60	journal	February 2020
Rendering Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x (MXene) monolayers visible Miranda, A.; Halim, J.; Lorke, A. Materials Research Letters, Vol. 5, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1080/21663831.2017.1280707	journal	February 2017
On the organization and thermal behavior of functional groups on Ti ₃ C ₂ MXene surfaces in vacuum Persson, Ingemar; Näslund, Lars-Åke; Halim, Joseph 2D Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/aa89cd	journal	October 2017
Oxidation stability of Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets in solvents and composite films Habib, Touseef; Zhao, Xiaofei; Shah, Smit A. npj 2D Materials and Applications, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41699-019-0089-3	journal	February 2019
Distinguishing electronic contributions of surface and sub-surface transition metal atoms in Ti-based MXenes Yang, Yizhou; Hantanasirisakul, Kanit; Frey, Nathan C. 2D Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/ab68e7	journal	February 2020
Enhanced Thermal Conductivity of Epoxy Composites Filled with 2D Transition Metal Carbides (MXenes) with Ultralow Loading Kang, Ruiyang; Zhang, Zhenyu; Guo, Liangchao Scientific Reports, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45664-4	journal	June 2019
Enhanced Thermal Boundary Conductance in Few-Layer Ti ₃ C ₂ MXene with Encapsulation Yasaei, Poya; Hemmat, Zahra; Foss, Cameron J. Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201801629	journal	September 2018
Synthesis of (V _2/3 Sc _1/3 ) ₂ AlC i-MAX phase and V _2−x C MXene scrolls Thörnberg, Jimmy; Halim, Joseph; Lu, Jun Nanoscale, Vol. 11, Issue 31 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9nr02354b	journal	January 2019
Scalable Synthesis of Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXene Shuck, Christopher E.; Sarycheva, Asia; Anayee, Mark Advanced Engineering Materials, Vol. 22, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.201901241	journal	March 2020
Structural, mechanical and electronic properties of two-dimensional chlorine-terminated transition metal carbides and nitrides Qin, Yanqing; Zha, Xian-Hu; Bai, Xiaojing Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 32, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/ab6048	journal	January 2020
Room‐Temperature Liquid Metal Confined in MXene Paper as a Flexible, Freestanding, and Binder‐Free Anode for Next‐Generation Lithium‐Ion Batteries Wei, Chuanliang; Fei, Huifang; Tian, Yuan Small, Vol. 15, Issue 46 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201903214	journal	October 2019
On the Structural Stability of MXene and the Role of Transition Metal Adatoms Palisaitis, Justinas; Persson, Ingemar; Halim, Joseph Nanoscale, Vol. 10, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8nr01986j	journal	January 2018
Truncated octahedral bipyramidal TiO ₂ /MXene Ti ₃ C ₂ hybrids with enhanced photocatalytic H ₂ production activity Li, Yang; Zhang, Dainan; Feng, Xionghan Nanoscale Advances, Vol. 1, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9na00023b	journal	January 2019
MXene molecular sieving membranes for highly efficient gas separation Ding, Li; Wei, Yanying; Li, Libo Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02529-6	journal	January 2018
Multilayer-structured transparent MXene/PVDF film with excellent dielectric and energy storage performance Li, Weiyan; Song, Zhongqian; Zhong, Jiaming Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 7, Issue 33 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9tc02715g	journal	January 2019
Stabilizing the MXenes by Carbon Nanoplating for Developing Hierarchical Nanohybrids with Efficient Lithium Storage and Hydrogen Evolution Capability Wu, Xianhong; Wang, Zhiyu; Yu, Mengzhou Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201607017	journal	April 2017
Strong Surface‐Bound Sulfur in Carbon Nanotube Bridged Hierarchical Mo ₂ C‐Based MXene Nanosheets for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries Lv, Li‐Ping; Guo, Chao‐Fei; Sun, Weiwei Small https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201804338	journal	December 2018
Atomic Sulfur Covalently Engineered Interlayers of Ti ₃ C ₂ MXene for Ultra‐Fast Sodium‐Ion Storage by Enhanced Pseudocapacitance Luo, Jianmin; Zheng, Jianhui; Nai, Jianwei Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201808107	journal	March 2019
Enhanced low-temperature Li-ion storage in MXene titanium carbide by surface oxygen termination Wang, Yahui; Ma, Chao; Ma, Wenqing 2D Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/ab30f9	journal	July 2019
Low temperature solution synthesis of reduced two dimensional Ti ₃ C ₂ MXenes with paramagnetic behaviour Yoon, Yeoheung; Le, Thi Anh; Tiwari, Anand P. Nanoscale, Vol. 10, Issue 47 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8nr06854b	journal	January 2018
2D metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) for energy storage Anasori, Babak; Lukatskaya, Maria R.; Gogotsi, Yury Nature Reviews Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/natrevmats.2016.98	journal	January 2017
Hydrophobic, Flexible, and Lightweight MXene Foams for High-Performance Electromagnetic-Interference Shielding Liu, Ji; Zhang, Hao-Bin; Sun, Renhui Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 38 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201702367	journal	August 2017
Titania Composites with 2 D Transition Metal Carbides as Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Production under Visible-Light Irradiation Wang, Hui; Peng, Rui; Hood, Zachary D. ChemSusChem, Vol. 9, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201600165	journal	May 2016
Tailoring Structure, Composition, and Energy Storage Properties of MXenes from Selective Etching of In-Plane, Chemically Ordered MAX Phases Persson, Ingemar; el Ghazaly, Ahmed; Tao, Quanzheng Small, Vol. 14, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201703676	journal	April 2018
Solvent-regulated preparation of well-intercalated Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXene nanosheets and application for highly effective electromagnetic wave absorption Xu, Gengfang; Wang, Xiaoxia; Gong, Shida Nanotechnology, Vol. 29, Issue 35 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/aac8f6	journal	June 2018
Effect of Synthesis on Quality, Electronic Properties and Environmental Stability of Individual Monolayer Ti ₃ C ₂ MXene Flakes Lipatov, Alexey; Alhabeb, Mohamed; Lukatskaya, Maria R. Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.201600255	journal	November 2016
Ti ₃ C ₂ : An Ideal Co‐catalyst? Wang, Biao; Wang, Mengye; Liu, Fangyan Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 132, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201913095	journal	December 2019
2D/2D Heterojunction of Ultrathin MXene/Bi ₂ WO ₆ Nanosheets for Improved Photocatalytic CO ₂ Reduction Cao, Shaowen; Shen, Baojia; Tong, Tong Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201800136	journal	April 2018
In situ hybridization of an MXene/TiO ₂ /NiFeCo-layered double hydroxide composite for electrochemical and photoelectrochemical oxygen evolution Hao, Ningxian; Wei, Yang; Wang, Jialiang RSC Advances, Vol. 8, Issue 37 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ra02349b	journal	January 2018
A facile method for synthesizing CuS decorated Ti ₃ C ₂ MXene with enhanced performance for asymmetric supercapacitors Pan, Zhihu; Cao, Fa; Hu, Xing Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta00085b	journal	January 2019
Study on MnO ₂ /MXene–Ti ₃ C ₂ composite materials as cathode materials for magnesium batteries Li, Yuan; Xu, Donghui; Zhang, Dehang RSC Advances, Vol. 9, Issue 58 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ra07652b	journal	January 2019
High-Voltage Symmetric Supercapacitor Based on 2D Titanium Carbide (MXene, Ti ₂ CT _x )/Carbon Nanosphere Composites in a Neutral Aqueous Electrolyte Melchior, Sharona A.; Raju, Kumar; Ike, Innocent S. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 165, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0401803jes	journal	January 2018
Efficient Antibacterial Membrane based on Two-Dimensional Ti3C2Tx (MXene) Nanosheets Rasool, Kashif; Mahmoud, Khaled A.; Johnson, Daniel J. Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01714-3	journal	May 2017
An ultrahigh discharged energy density achieved in an inhomogeneous PVDF dielectric composite filled with 2D MXene nanosheets via interface engineering Feng, Yefeng; Deng, Qihuang; Peng, Cheng Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 6, Issue 48 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8tc05180a	journal	January 2018
MXene Aerogel Scaffolds for High-Rate Lithium Metal Anodes Zhang, Xinyue; Lv, Ruijing; Wang, Aoxuan Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 57, Issue 46 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201808714	journal	October 2018
An investigation into the factors governing the oxidation of two-dimensional Ti ₃ C ₂ MXene Chae, Yoonjeong; Kim, Seon Joon; Cho, Soo-Yeon Nanoscale, Vol. 11, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9nr00084d	journal	January 2019
Layered Ti ₃ C ₂ MXene modified two-dimensional Bi ₂ WO ₆ composites with enhanced visible light photocatalytic performance Zhao, Danxia; Cai, Chun Materials Chemistry Frontiers, Vol. 3, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9qm00570f	journal	January 2019
MXenes for Plasmonic Photodetection Velusamy, Dhinesh Babu; El‐Demellawi, Jehad K.; El‐Zohry, Ahmed M. Advanced Materials https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201807658	journal	June 2019
Seawater electrolyte-mediated high volumetric MXene-based electrochemical symmetric supercapacitors Xia, Qi Xun; Shinde, Nanasaheb M.; Zhang, Tengfei Dalton Transactions, Vol. 47, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8dt01375f	journal	January 2018
Layered ternary M _{n +1} AX _n phases and their 2D derivative MXene: an overview from a thin-film perspective Eklund, Per; Rosen, Johanna; Persson, Per O. Å Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 50, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aa57bc	journal	February 2017
Tailoring Electrocatalytic Properties of Pt Nanoparticles Grown on Ti ₃ C ₂ T _X MXene Surface Filip, Jaroslav; Zavahir, Sifani; Lorencova, Lenka Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0991902jes	journal	January 2019
Ti ₃ C ₂ MXene quantum dot-encapsulated liposomes for photothermal immunoassays using a portable near-infrared imaging camera on a smartphone Cai, Guoneng; Yu, Zhenzhong; Tong, Ping Nanoscale, Vol. 11, Issue 33 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9nr05797h	journal	January 2019
Tuning Thermal Transport Through Atomically Thin Ti ₃ C ₂ T _z MXene by Current Annealing in Vacuum Hemmat, Zahra; Yasaei, Poya; Schultz, Jeremy F. Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201805693	journal	March 2019
Review of MXenes as new nanomaterials for energy storage/delivery and selected environmental applications Jun, Byung-Moon; Kim, Sewoon; Heo, Jiyong Nano Research, Vol. 12, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-018-2225-3	journal	October 2018
Electronic and optical characterization of 2D Ti ₂ C and Nb ₂ C (MXene) thin films Halim, Joseph; Persson, Ingemar; Moon, Eun Ju Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 31, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/ab00a2	journal	February 2019
Recent progress in layered transition metal carbides and/or nitrides (MXenes) and their composites: synthesis and applications Hong Ng, Vincent Ming; Huang, Hui; Zhou, Kun Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 5, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ta06772g	journal	January 2017
Solar Photothermal Electrodes for Highly Efficient Microbial Energy Harvesting at Low Ambient Temperatures Wang, Yi; Zhou, Lihua; Luo, Xiaoshan ChemSusChem, Vol. 11, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201801808	journal	November 2018
Ti ₂ AlC-based saturable absorber for passive Q-switching of a fiber laser Lee, Jinho; Kwon, Suhyoung; Lee, Ju Han Optical Materials Express, Vol. 9, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1364/ome.9.002057	journal	January 2019
Nanostructured MXene-based biomimetic enzymes for amperometric detection of superoxide anions from HepG2 cells Zheng, Jiushang; Wang, Bin; Jin, Yanzi Microchimica Acta, Vol. 186, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-018-3220-9	journal	January 2019
Synthesis and electrochemical performance of Ti3C2Tx with hydrothermal process Wang, Libo; Zhang, Heng; Wang, Bo Electronic Materials Letters, Vol. 12, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13391-016-6088-z	journal	August 2016
Preparation of High-Purity V ₂ C MXene and Electrochemical Properties as Li-Ion Batteries Liu, Fanfan; Zhou, Jie; Wang, Shuwei Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 164, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0641704jes	journal	January 2017
Polyoxometalate-coupled MXene nanohybrid via poly(ionic liquid) linkers and its electrode for enhanced supercapacitive performance Chen, Shu; Xiang, Yuanfang; Banks, M. Katherine Nanoscale, Vol. 10, Issue 42 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8nr05760e	journal	January 2018
Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Two-Dimensional RGO/Ti3C2Tx Nanocomposites Shen, Changjie; Wang, Libo; Zhou, Aiguo Nanomaterials, Vol. 8, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8020080	journal	January 2018
MXene Aerogel Scaffolds for High‐Rate Lithium Metal Anodes Zhang, Xinyue; Lv, Ruijing; Wang, Aoxuan Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 130, Issue 46 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201808714	journal	October 2018
Mn ₃ O ₄ nanoparticles on layer-structured Ti ₃ C ₂ MXene towards the oxygen reduction reaction and zinc–air batteries Xue, Qi; Pei, Zengxia; Huang, Yan J. Mater. Chem. A, Vol. 5, Issue 39 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ta04532h	journal	January 2017
Oxidized Ti ₃ C ₂ MXene nanosheets for dye-sensitized solar cells Dall'Agnese, Chunxiang; Dall'Agnese, Yohan; Anasori, Babak New Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 42, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8nj03246g	journal	January 2018
Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Cross-Functional Semi-transparent MXene-Carbon Nanotubes Composite Films for Next-Generation Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Weng, Guo-Ming; Li, Jinyang; Alhabeb, Mohamed Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 44 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201803360	journal	September 2018
Electrochromic Effect in Titanium Carbide MXene Thin Films Produced by Dip‐Coating Salles, Pol; Pinto, David; Hantanasirisakul, Kanit Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201809223	journal	February 2019
Promising electron mobility and high thermal conductivity in Sc ₂ CT ₂ (T = F, OH) MXenes Zha, Xian-Hu; Zhou, Jie; Zhou, Yuhong Nanoscale, Vol. 8, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1039/c5nr08639f	journal	January 2016
Plasma-modified Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x /CdS hybrids with oxygen-containing groups for high-efficiency photocatalytic hydrogen production Yang, Yali; Zhang, Dainan; Xiang, Quanjun Nanoscale, Vol. 11, Issue 40 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9nr07242j	journal	January 2019
An MnO ₂ –Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXene nanohybrid: an efficient and durable electrocatalyst toward artificial N ₂ fixation to NH ₃ under ambient conditions Kong, Wenhan; Gong, Feng (Frank); Zhou, Qiang Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 32 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta04902a	journal	January 2019
Electronic and vibrational properties of $V_{2} C$ -based MXenes: From experiments to first-principles modeling Champagne, Aurélie; Shi, Lu; Ouisse, Thierry Physical Review B, Vol. 97, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.97.115439	journal	March 2018
MoS ₂ -Decorated Ti ₃ C ₂ MXene Nanosheet as Anode Material in Lithium-Ion Batteries Shen, Changjie; Wang, Libo; Zhou, Aiguo Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 164, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.1421712jes	journal	January 2017
Ti ₃ C ₂ : An Ideal Co‐catalyst? Wang, Biao; Wang, Mengye; Liu, Fangyan Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 59, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201913095	journal	January 2020
Applications of 2D MXenes in energy conversion and storage systems Pang, Jinbo; Mendes, Rafael G.; Bachmatiuk, Alicja Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 48, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cs00324f	journal	January 2019
Oxidation-resistant titanium carbide MXene films Lee, Yonghee; Kim, Seon Joon; Kim, Yong-Jae Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 8, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta07036b	journal	January 2020
Interlayer Hydrogen‐Bonded Metal Porphyrin Frameworks/MXene Hybrid Film with High Capacitance for Flexible All‐Solid‐State Supercapacitors Zhao, Weiwei; Peng, Jiali; Wang, Weikang Small, Vol. 15, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201901351	journal	March 2019
Microsphere‐Like SiO ₂ /MXene Hybrid Material Enabling High Performance Anode for Lithium Ion Batteries Mu, Ge; Mu, Daobin; Wu, Borong Small, Vol. 16, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201905430	journal	December 2019
Nanoscale Parallel Circuitry Based on Interpenetrating Conductive Assembly for Flexible and High‐Power Zinc Ion Battery Luo, Shaojuan; Xie, Luoyuan; Han, Fei Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 28 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201901336	journal	May 2019
Ultrastrong and Highly Conductive MXene‐Based Films for High‐Performance Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Liu, Ji; Liu, Zhangshuo; Zhang, Hao‐Bin Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.201901094	journal	November 2019
Tunable dextran retention of MXene-TiO ₂ mesoporous membranes by adjusting the 2D MXene content Sun, Yuqing; Xu, Zhi; Zhuang, Yongxiang 2D Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/aad01e	journal	July 2018
Preparation and characterization of polymer-Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x (MXene) composite nanofibers produced via electrospinning : ARTICLE Mayerberger, Elisa A.; Urbanek, Olga; McDaniel, Riki M. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 134, Issue 37 https://doi.org/10.1002/app.45295	journal	May 2017
Comparative study on electrosorptive behavior of NH4HF2-etched Ti3C2 and HF-etched Ti3C2 for capacitive deionization Feng, Aihu; Yu, Yang; Mi, Le Ionics, Vol. 25, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-018-2787-9	journal	November 2018
Surface Electrochemical Stability and Strain-Tunable Lithium Storage of Highly Flexible 2D Transition Metal Carbides Chen, Shu; Fu, Zhongheng; Zhang, Hang Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 44 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201804867	journal	September 2018
MXene‐Bonded Flexible Hard Carbon Film as Anode for Stable Na/K‐Ion Storage Sun, Ning; Zhu, Qizhen; Anasori, Babak Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 51 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201906282	journal	October 2019
Clay-Inspired MXene-Based Electrochemical Devices and Photo-Electrocatalyst: State-of-the-Art Progresses and Challenges Wang, Hou; Wu, Yan; Yuan, Xingzhong Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201704561	journal	January 2018
W-Based Atomic Laminates and Their 2D Derivative W _1.33 C MXene with Vacancy Ordering Meshkian, Rahele; Dahlqvist, Martin; Lu, Jun Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201706409	journal	April 2018
Self-Assembly of Transition Metal Oxide Nanostructures on MXene Nanosheets for Fast and Stable Lithium Storage Liu, Yi-Tao; Zhang, Peng; Sun, Ning Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201707334	journal	April 2018
Electronic and Optical Properties of 2D Transition Metal Carbides and Nitrides (MXenes) Hantanasirisakul, Kanit; Gogotsi, Yury Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 52 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201804779	journal	November 2018
Theranostic 2D Tantalum Carbide (MXene) Lin, Han; Wang, Youwei; Gao, Shanshan Advanced Materials, Vol. 32, Issue 42 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202003085	journal	October 2020
Synergy of Nb Doping and Surface Alloy Enhanced on Water–Alkali Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Generation Performance in Ti‐Based MXene Du, Cheng‐Feng; Sun, Xiaoli; Yu, Hong Advanced Science https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.201900116	journal	April 2019
Nanoscale Elastic Changes in 2D Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x (MXene) Pseudocapacitive Electrodes Come, Jeremy; Xie, Yu; Naguib, Michael Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201502290	journal	March 2016
A Strategy for Synthesis of Carbon Nitride Induced Chemically Doped 2D MXene for High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrodes Yoon, Yeoheung; Lee, Minhe; Kim, Seong Ku Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201703173	journal	January 2018
Tracking Ionic Rearrangements and Interpreting Dynamic Volumetric Changes in Two‐Dimensional Metal Carbide Supercapacitors: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study Xu, Kui; Lin, Zifeng; Merlet, Céline ChemSusChem, Vol. 11, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201801285	journal	March 2018
Ti ₃ C ₂ MXene Paper for the Effective Adsorption and Controllable Release of Aroma Molecules Ciou, Jing‐Hao; Li, Shaohui; Lee, Pooi See Small, Vol. 15, Issue 38 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201903281	journal	August 2019
Two-dimensional Mo1.33C MXene with divacancy ordering prepared from parent 3D laminate with in-plane chemical ordering Tao, Quanzheng; Dahlqvist, Martin; Lu, Jun Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14949	journal	April 2017
Low temperature synthesis of NbC/C nano-composites as visible light photoactive catalyst Gupta, Aayush; Mittal, Manish; Singh, Mahesh Kumar Scientific Reports, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-31989-z	journal	September 2018
Solution-processed titanium carbide MXene films examined as highly transparent conductors Mariano, Marina; Mashtalir, Olha; Antonio, Francisco Q. Nanoscale, Vol. 8, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1039/c6nr03682a	journal	January 2016
Ti ₃ C ₂ MXenes modified with in situ grown carbon nanotubes for enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption properties Li, Xinliang; Yin, Xiaowei; Han, Meikang Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 5, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1039/c6tc05226f	journal	January 2017
Tunable pseudocapacitance storage of MXene by cation pillaring for high performance sodium-ion capacitors Luo, Jianmin; Fang, Cong; Jin, Chengbin Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta02068j	journal	January 2018
Exploring the synergy of 2D MXene-supported black phosphorus quantum dots in hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions Zhu, Xiao-Dong; Xie, Ying; Liu, Yi-Tao Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta08374f	journal	January 2018
Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x (T = F, OH) MXene nanosheets: conductive 2D catalysts for ambient electrohydrogenation of N ₂ to NH ₃ Zhao, Jinxiu; Zhang, Lei; Xie, Xiao-Ying Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 47 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta09840a	journal	January 2018
2D/2D heterojunction of Ti ₃ C ₂ /g-C ₃ N ₄ nanosheets for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution Su, Tongming; Hood, Zachary D.; Naguib, Michael Nanoscale, Vol. 11, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9nr00168a	journal	January 2019
Janus MXene nanosheets for macroscopic assemblies Zhao, Sai; Li, Lulu; Zhang, Hao-Bin Materials Chemistry Frontiers, Vol. 4, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9qm00681h	journal	January 2020
A general way to fabricate transition metal dichalcogenide/oxide-sandwiched MXene nanosheets as flexible film anodes for high-performance lithium storage Wang, Chuang; Zhu, Xiao-Dong; Wang, Ke-Xin Sustainable Energy & Fuels, Vol. 3, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9se00635d	journal	January 2019
Few-layered Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXenes coupled with Fe ₂ O ₃ nanorod arrays grown on carbon cloth as anodes for flexible asymmetric supercapacitors Li, Fei; Liu, Yi-Lin; Wang, Gui-Gen Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 39 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta08144e	journal	January 2019
Transparent, conductive solution processed spincast 2D Ti ₂ CT _x (MXene) films Ying, Guobing; Dillon, Andrew D.; Fafarman, Aaron T. Materials Research Letters, Vol. 5, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1080/21663831.2017.1296043	journal	March 2017
MXene molecular sieving membranes for highly efficient gas separation Ding, Li; Wei, Yanying; Li, Libo London : Nature Publishing Group https://doi.org/10.15488/3192	other	January 2018
Theranostic 2D Tantalum Carbide (MXene) Lin, Han; Wang, Youwei; Gao, Shanshan Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201703284	journal	December 2017
Tracking Ionic Rearrangements and Interpreting Dynamic Volumetric Changes in Two‐Dimensional Metal Carbide Supercapacitors: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study Xu, Kui; Lin, Zifeng; Merlet, Céline ChemSusChem, Vol. 11, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201702068	journal	January 2018
Electronic properties of freestanding Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXene monolayers Miranda, A.; Halim, J.; Barsoum, M. W. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4939971	journal	January 2016
Electromagnetic Shielding by MXene-Graphene-PVDF Composite with Hydrophobic, Lightweight and Flexible Graphene Coated Fabric Raagulan, Kanthasamy; Braveenth, Ramanaskanda; Jang, Hee Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11101803	journal	September 2018
Additive-free MXene inks and direct printing of micro-supercapacitors Zhang, Chuanfang; McKeon, Lorcan; Kremer, Matthias P. Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09398-1	journal	April 2019
Edge Capping of 2D‐MXene Sheets with Polyanionic Salts To Mitigate Oxidation in Aqueous Colloidal Suspensions Natu, Varun; Hart, James L.; Sokol, Maxim Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201906138	journal	September 2019
Edge Capping of 2D‐MXene Sheets with Polyanionic Salts To Mitigate Oxidation in Aqueous Colloidal Suspensions Natu, Varun; Hart, James L.; Sokol, Maxim Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 131, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201906138	journal	July 2019
pH-Dependent Distribution of Functional Groups on Titanium-Based MXenes Ibragimova, Rina; Puska, Martti J.; Komsa, Hannu-Pekka ACS Nano, Vol. 13, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.9b03511	journal	July 2019
High-Thermal-Stability and High-Thermal-Conductivity Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXene/Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) Composites Liu, Rui; Li, Weihua ACS Omega, Vol. 3, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.7b02001	journal	March 2018

Similar Records

Synthesis of new two-dimensional titanium carbonitride Ti₂C_0.5N_0.5T_x MXene and its performance as an electrode material for sodium-ion battery

Journal Article · Sun Dec 12 00:00:00 EST 2021 · InfoMat · OSTI ID:1286976

Liang, Kun; Tabassum, Anika; Majed, Ahmad; +6 more

Effects of Synthesis and Processing on Optoelectronic Properties of Titanium Carbonitride MXene

Journal Article · Mon Mar 25 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Chemistry of Materials · OSTI ID:1286976

Hantanasirisakul, Kanit; Alhabeb, Mohamed; Lipatov, Alexey; +8 more

Tunable electrochromic behavior of titanium-based MXenes

Journal Article · Wed Jun 10 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Nanoscale · OSTI ID:1286976

Valurouthu, Geetha; Maleski, Kathleen; Kurra, Narendra; +4 more

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
MXene
XPS
metal carbides

Title: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of select multi-layered transition metal carbides (MXenes)

Citation Formats

References (68)

Cited By (131)

Similar Records

Related Subjects