skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Collective non-perturbative coupling of 2D electrons with high-quality-factor terahertz cavity photons [Collective ultrastrong light-matter coupling in a high-Q terahertz photonic cavity]

Journal Article · · Nature Physics
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3850· OSTI ID:1251144
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [2];  [3];  [3];  [1]
  1. Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States)
  2. Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
  3. Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations

Here, nonperturbative coupling of light with condensed matter in a cavity is expected to reveal a host of coherent many-body phenomena and states that are inaccessible in equilibrium. However, creating a system that combines a long electronic coherence time, a large dipole moment, and a high cavity quality (Q) factor has been a challenging goal. Here, we report collective ultrastrong light-matter coupling in an ultrahigh-mobility two-dimensional electron gas in a high-Q terahertz photonic-crystal cavity in a quantizing magnetic field, demonstrating a record-high cooperativity of ~360. The splitting of cyclotron resonance (CR) into the lower and upper magnetopolariton branches exhibited a n1/2 dependence on the electron density (n), a hallmark of collective vacuum Rabi splitting. Furthermore, a small but definite blue shift was observed for the polariton frequencies due to the usually negligible A2 term in the light-matter interaction Hamiltonian. Finally, the high-Q cavity suppressed the superradiant decay of coherent CR, which resulted in an unprecedentedly narrow intrinsic CR linewidth of 5.6 GHz at 2 K.

Research Organization:
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
DOE Contract Number:
AC04-94AL85000
OSTI ID:
1251144
Report Number(s):
SAND-2016-0645J; 618938
Journal Information:
Nature Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 11; ISSN 1745-2473
Publisher:
Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (30)

Quantum vacuum properties of the intersubband cavity polariton field journal September 2005
On the superradiant phase transition for molecules in a quantized radiation field: the dicke maser model journal April 1973
Phase Transition in the Dicke Model of Superradiance journal March 1973
Light-Matter Decoupling in the Deep Strong Coupling Regime: The Breakdown of the Purcell Effect journal January 2014
Quantum Vacuum Radiation Spectra from a Semiconductor Microcavity with a Time-Modulated Vacuum Rabi Frequency journal March 2007
Quantum Theory of the Electromagnetic Field in a Variable‐Length One‐Dimensional Cavity journal September 1970
Radiation from a Moving Mirror in Two Dimensional Space-Time: Conformal Anomaly journal March 1976
Quantum Information Processing Using Quantum Dot Spins and Cavity QED journal November 1999
Cavity quantum electrodynamics for superconducting electrical circuits: An architecture for quantum computation journal June 2004
Strong Light-Matter Coupling in Subwavelength Metal-Dielectric Microcavities at Terahertz Frequencies journal May 2009
Ultrastrong Coupling Regime and Plasmon Polaritons in Parabolic Semiconductor Quantum Wells journal March 2012
Ultrastrong Coupling of the Cyclotron Transition of a 2D Electron Gas to a THz Metamaterial journal March 2012
Ultrastrong coupling in the near field of complementary split-ring resonators journal November 2014
Nobel Lecture: Controlling photons in a box and exploring the quantum to classical boundary journal July 2013
Vacuum Rabi splitting in semiconductors journal February 2006
Strong coupling between surface plasmon polaritons and emitters: a review journal December 2014
Coherent coupling between a ferromagnetic magnon and a superconducting qubit journal July 2015
Coherent coupling of a single spin to microwave cavity photons journal July 2015
Coherence in Spontaneous Radiation Processes journal January 1954
Exciton-polariton Bose-Einstein condensation journal May 2010
Ultrastrong coupling between a cavity resonator and the cyclotron transition of a two-dimensional electron gas in the case of an integer filling factor journal June 2010
Observation of Self-Induced Rabi Oscillations in Two-Level Atoms Excited Inside a Resonant Cavity: The Ringing Regime of Superradiance journal September 1983
Cavity QED with Magnetically Coupled Collective Spin States journal August 2011
Hybridizing Ferromagnetic Magnons and Microwave Photons in the Quantum Limit journal August 2014
Strongly Coupled Magnons and Cavity Microwave Photons journal October 2014
Ultrastrong Light-Matter Coupling Regime with Polariton Dots journal November 2010
Superradiant Decay of Cyclotron Resonance of Two-Dimensional Electron Gases journal July 2014
Time-resolved vacuum Rabi oscillations in a semiconductor quantum microcavity journal November 1994
From Fermi's Golden Rule to the Vacuum Rabi Splitting: Magnetopolaritons in a Semiconductor Optical Microcavity journal May 1995
Measurement of cyclotron resonance relaxation time in the two-dimensional electron system journal November 2014

Similar Records

Input-output theory of cavities in the ultrastrong coupling regime: The case of time-independent cavity parameters
Journal Article · Fri Sep 15 00:00:00 EDT 2006 · Physical Review. A · OSTI ID:1251144
Ultrastrong Coupling of Band‐Nested Excitons in Few‐Layer Molybdenum Disulphide
Journal Article · Thu Aug 04 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Advanced Optical Materials · OSTI ID:1251144
+1 more
Cavity molecular dynamics simulations of liquid water under vibrational ultrastrong coupling
Journal Article · Fri Jul 17 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · OSTI ID:1251144

Related Subjects

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY