Post-treatment control of HIV infection

Conway, Jessica M.; Perelson, Alan S.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1419162112

Title: Post-treatment control of HIV infection

Journal Article · Mon Apr 13 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1419162112· OSTI ID:1233166

Conway, Jessica M. ^[1]; Perelson, Alan S. ^[2]

The Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States); Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV is not a cure. However, recent studies suggest that ART, initiated early during primary infection, may induce post-treatment control (PTC) of HIV infection with HIV RNA maintained at <50 copies per mL. We investigate the hypothesis that ART initiated early during primary infection permits PTC by limiting the size of the latent reservoir, which, if small enough at treatment termination, may allow the adaptive immune response to prevent viral rebound (VR) and control infection. We use a mathematical model of within host HIV dynamics to capture interactions among target cells, productively infected cells, latently infected cells, virus, and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Analysis of our model reveals a range in CTL response strengths where a patient may show either VR or PTC, depending on the size of the latent reservoir at treatment termination. Below this range, patients will always rebound, whereas above this range, patients are predicted to behave like elite controllers. As a result, using data on latent reservoir sizes in patients treated during primary infection, we also predict population-level VR times for non-controllers consistent with observations.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: R01-AI028433; UM1-AI100645; AC52-06NA25396

OSTI ID:: 1233166

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-14-27986

Journal Information:: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 112, Issue 17; ISSN 0027-8424

Publisher:: National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC (United States)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 125 works

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Thresholds and bistability in HIV infection models with oxidative stress Wang, Shaoli; Xu, Fei; Song, Xinyu arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1808.02276	preprint	January 2018

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