A Review of Operational Water Consumption and Withdrawal Factors for Electricity Generating Technologies

Technical Report · Tue Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 2011

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/1219149· OSTI ID:1219149

Macknick, Jordan ^[1]; Newmark, Robin ^[1]; Heath, Garvin ^[1]; Hallett, K. C. ^[1]

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1. National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

This report provides estimates of operational water withdrawal and water consumption factors for electricity generating technologies in the United States. Estimates of water factors were collected from published primary literature and were not modified except for unit conversions. The presented water factors may be useful in modeling and policy analyses where reliable power plant level data are not available.

• Research Organization: National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Wind Program (EE-4W) (Wind Program Corporate)
• DOE Contract Number: AC36-08GO28308
• OSTI ID: 1219149
• Report Number(s): NREL/TP-6A20-50900; 5061
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

wind
wind energy
water use
water used
water consumption
withdrawl factors
operational water
water cost
water