skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Advanced analytical electron microscopy for alkali-ion batteries

Journal Article · · NPG Asia Materials (Online)
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/am.2015.50· OSTI ID:1214491
 [1];  [2];  [1];  [3];  [3]
  1. Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)
  2. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  3. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Science

Lithium-ion batteries are a leading candidate for electric vehicle and smart grid applications. However, further optimizations of the energy/power density, coulombic efficiency and cycle life are still needed, and this requires a thorough understanding of the dynamic evolution of each component and their synergistic behaviors during battery operation. With the capability of resolving the structure and chemistry at an atomic resolution, advanced analytical transmission electron microscopy (AEM) is an ideal technique for this task. The present review paper focuses on recent contributions of this important technique to the fundamental understanding of the electrochemical processes of battery materials. A detailed review of both static (ex situ) and real-time (in situ) studies will be given, and issues that still need to be addressed will be discussed.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725
OSTI ID:
1214491
Journal Information:
NPG Asia Materials (Online), Vol. 7, Issue 6; ISSN 1884-4057
Publisher:
Nature Publishing Group AsiaCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 63 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (69)

HAADF-STEM imaging with sub-angstrom probes: a full Bloch wave analysis journal June 2004
Atomic and electronic structures of the SrVO 3 -LaAlO 3 interface journal August 2011
Direct Observation of Nanoparticle Superlattice Formation by Using Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy journal February 2012
Confirmation of the Domino-Cascade Model by LiFePO 4 /FePO 4 Precession Electron Diffraction journal October 2011
Reciprocal Salt Flux Growth of LiFePO 4 Single Crystals with Controlled Defect Concentrations journal November 2013
Direct Observation of Lithium Staging in Partially Delithiated LiFePO 4 at Atomic Resolution journal April 2011
Mechanical Properties of Si Nanowires as Revealed by in Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy and Molecular Dynamics Simulations journal January 2012
Observation of conducting filament growth in nanoscale resistive memories journal January 2012
High lithium ion conductive Li7La3Zr2O12 by inclusion of both Al and Si journal May 2011
Nanoscale Imaging of Lithium Ion Distribution During In Situ Operation of Battery Electrode and Electrolyte journal February 2014
Prospects for lithium imaging using annular bright field scanning transmission electron microscopy: A theoretical study journal July 2011
In situ atomic-scale imaging of electrochemical lithiation in silicon journal October 2012
Vacancy-Driven Anisotropic Defect Distribution in the Battery-Cathode Material LiFePO 4 journal August 2011
Interface Limited Lithium Transport in Solid-State Batteries journal December 2013
Mitigating Voltage Fade in Cathode Materials by Improving the Atomic Level Uniformity of Elemental Distribution journal April 2014
Prospects for analyzing the electronic properties in nanoscale systems by VEELS journal February 2008
Long-Range and Local Structure in the Layered Oxide Li 1.2 Co 0.4 Mn 0.4 O 2 journal April 2011
Electron Microscopy Study of the LiFePO[sub 4] to FePO[sub 4] Phase Transition journal January 2006
Progress and prospective of solid-state lithium batteries journal February 2013
Tracking lithium transport and electrochemical reactions in nanoparticles journal January 2012
Watching domains grow: In-situ studies of polarization switching by combined scanning probe and scanning transmission electron microscopy journal September 2011
Correlation Between Oxygen Vacancy, Microstrain, and Cation Distribution in Lithium-Excess Layered Oxides During the First Electrochemical Cycle journal April 2013
Probing the initiation of voltage decay in Li-rich layered cathode materials at the atomic scale journal January 2015
Demonstration of an Electrochemical Liquid Cell for Operando Transmission Electron Microscopy Observation of the Lithiation/Delithiation Behavior of Si Nanowire Battery Anodes journal November 2013
In Situ Observation of the Electrochemical Lithiation of a Single SnO2 Nanowire Electrode journal December 2010
Identifying surface structural changes in layered Li-excess nickel manganese oxides in high voltage lithium ion batteries: A joint experimental and theoretical study journal January 2011
In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy Observation of Microstructure and Phase Evolution in a SnO 2 Nanowire during Lithium Intercalation journal May 2011
Phase-contrast imaging in aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy journal June 2013
Excellent Stability of a Lithium-Ion-Conducting Solid Electrolyte upon Reversible Li + /H + Exchange in Aqueous Solutions journal October 2014
In situ analysis of gas composition by electron energy-loss spectroscopy for environmental transmission electron microscopy journal February 2011
All-Solid-State Lithium Secondary Batteries Using LiMn[sub 2]O[sub 4] Electrode and Li[sub 2]S–P[sub 2]S[sub 5] Solid Electrolyte journal January 2010
Study of the Li-insertion/extraction process in LiFePO4/FePO4 journal February 2009
Dynamic Visualization of the Electric Potential in an All-Solid-State Rechargeable Lithium Battery journal June 2010
Current and future aberration correctors for the improvement of resolution in electron microscopy
  • Haider, M.; Hartel, P.; Müller, H.
  • Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 367, Issue 1903 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2009.0121
journal September 2009
Evolutions of Li 1.2 Mn 0.61 Ni 0.18 Mg 0.01 O 2 during the Initial Charge/Discharge Cycle Studied by Advanced Electron Microscopy journal September 2012
Observation and Quantification of Nanoscale Processes in Lithium Batteries by Operando Electrochemical (S)TEM journal February 2015
Study of strain fields at a-Si/c-Si interface journal April 2004
Conversion Reaction of FeF 2 Thin Films upon Exposure to Atomic Lithium journal May 2012
Structure and dynamics of the fast lithium ion conductor “Li7La3Zr2O12” journal January 2011
First Evidence of Manganese–Nickel Segregation and Densification upon Cycling in Li-Rich Layered Oxides for Lithium Batteries journal July 2013
On the optimum probe in aberration corrected ADF-STEM journal November 2011
Electron energy-loss spectroscopy in the TEM journal December 2008
Probing the electrode/electrolyte interface in the lithium excess layered oxide Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 journal January 2013
Atomic-scale origin of the large grain-boundary resistance in perovskite Li-ion-conducting solid electrolytes journal January 2014
Transmission electron microscopy with a liquid flow cell journal January 2011
Valence electron energy-loss spectroscopy of silicon negative electrodes for lithium batteries journal January 2010
Anisotropic Swelling and Fracture of Silicon Nanowires during Lithiation journal August 2011
Lithium Atom and A-Site Vacancy Distributions in Lanthanum Lithium Titanate journal April 2013
Vibrational spectroscopy in the electron microscope journal October 2014
Atomic-Scale Chemical Imaging of Composition and Bonding by Aberration-Corrected Microscopy journal February 2008
Uncovering the roles of oxygen vacancies in cation migration in lithium excess layered oxides journal January 2014
Interfacial Observation between LiCoO 2 Electrode and Li 2 S−P 2 S 5 Solid Electrolytes of All-Solid-State Lithium Secondary Batteries Using Transmission Electron Microscopy journal February 2010
Domain boundary structures in lanthanum lithium titanates journal January 2014
Advanced Electron Microscopy of Metal-Support Interactions in Supported Metal Catalysts journal June 2011
Radiation damage in the TEM and SEM journal August 2004
Size-Dependent Fracture of Silicon Nanoparticles During Lithiation journal January 2012
In Situ Atomic-Scale Imaging of Phase Boundary Migration in FePO 4 Microparticles During Electrochemical Lithiation journal July 2013
Conversion Reaction Mechanisms in Lithium Ion Batteries: Study of the Binary Metal Fluoride Electrodes journal November 2011
Orientation-Dependent Arrangement of Antisite Defects in Lithium Iron(II) Phosphate Crystals journal January 2009
Nanoscale Phase Separation, Cation Ordering, and Surface Chemistry in Pristine Li 1.2 Ni 0.2 Mn 0.6 O 2 for Li-Ion Batteries journal May 2013
Structural phase transformation and Fe valence evolution in FeOxF2−x/C nanocomposite electrodes during lithiation and de-lithiation processes journal January 2013
Atomic Structure of a Lithium-Rich Layered Oxide Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Evidence of a Solid Solution journal August 2011
In Situ TEM Investigation of the Mechanical Behavior of Micronanoscaled Metal Pillars journal September 2012
Study of the LiFePO 4 /FePO 4 Two-Phase System by High-Resolution Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy journal November 2006
Characterization of the interface between LiCoO2 and Li7La3Zr2O12 in an all-solid-state rechargeable lithium battery journal January 2011
Atomic-Resolution Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy Imaging in Aberration Corrected Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy journal September 2003
Electronic Origin for the Phase Transition from Amorphous Li x Si to Crystalline Li 15 Si 4 journal June 2013
Visualization of Electrode–Electrolyte Interfaces in LiPF 6 /EC/DEC Electrolyte for Lithium Ion Batteries via in Situ TEM journal March 2014
In Situ Analytical Electron Microscopy for Probing Nanoscale Electrochemistry journal January 2011

Cited By (15)

Atomic-Scale Observation of LiFePO 4 and LiCoO 2 Dissolution Behavior in Aqueous Solutions journal September 2018
Review of Recent Development of In Situ/Operando Characterization Techniques for Lithium Battery Research journal May 2019
Electrochemical and Structural Analysis in All‐Solid‐State Lithium Batteries by Analytical Electron Microscopy: Progress and Perspectives journal October 2019
Mesoscopic Framework Enables Facile Ionic Transport in Solid Electrolytes for Li Batteries journal March 2016
Atomic-Scale Monitoring of Electrode Materials in Lithium-Ion Batteries using In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy journal October 2017
Atomic-Scale Direct Identification of Surface Variations in Cathode Oxides for Aqueous and Nonaqueous Lithium-Ion Batteries journal January 2019
Mechanistic understanding and strategies to design interfaces of solid electrolytes: insights gained from transmission electron microscopy journal May 2019
Soft 2D nanoarchitectonics journal April 2018
Reversible superdense ordering of lithium between two graphene sheets journal November 2018
Origin of the low grain boundary conductivity in lithium ion conducting perovskites: Li 3x La 0.67−x TiO 3 journal January 2017
Direct observation of layered-to-spinel phase transformation in Li 2 MnO 3 and the spinel structure stabilised after the activation process journal January 2017
In situ analytical techniques for battery interface analysis journal January 2018
In situ TEM observation of the electrochemical lithiation of N-doped anatase TiO 2 nanotubes as anodes for lithium-ion batteries journal January 2017
Review—Promises and Challenges of In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy Electrochemical Techniques in the Studies of Lithium Ion Batteries journal January 2017
Novel Solid Electrolytes for Li-Ion Batteries: A Perspective from Electron Microscopy Studies journal June 2016

Similar Records

In Situ Analytical Electron Microscopy for Probing Nanoscale Electrochemistry
Journal Article · Mon Oct 31 00:00:00 EDT 2011 · The Electrochemical Society Interface · OSTI ID:1214491

Direct observation of the redistribution of sulfur and polysufides in Li-S batteries during first cycle by in situ X-Ray fluorescence microscopy
Journal Article · Wed Mar 25 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Advanced Energy Materials · OSTI ID:1214491

Advanced Characterization Techniques for Sodium-Ion Battery Studies
Journal Article · Mon Feb 19 00:00:00 EST 2018 · Advanced Energy Materials · OSTI ID:1214491

Related Subjects