Thin-film ‘Thermal Well’ Emitters and Absorbers for High-Efficiency Thermophotovoltaics

Tong, Jonathan K.; Hsu, Wei -Chun; Huang, Yi; Boriskina, Svetlana V.; Chen, Gang

doi:10.1038/srep10661

Title: Thin-film ‘Thermal Well’ Emitters and Absorbers for High-Efficiency Thermophotovoltaics

Journal Article · Mon Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Scientific Reports

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/srep10661· OSTI ID:1210789

Tong, Jonathan K. ^[1]; Hsu, Wei -Chun ^[1]; Huang, Yi ^[1]; Boriskina, Svetlana V. ^[1]; Chen, Gang ^[1]

Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)

Here, a new approach is introduced to significantly improve the performance of thermophotovoltaic (TPV) systems using low-dimensional thermal emitters and photovoltaic (PV) cells. By reducing the thickness of both the emitter and the PV cell, strong spectral selectivity in thermal emission and absorption can be achieved by confining photons in trapped waveguide modes inside the thin-films that act as thermal analogs to quantum wells. Simultaneously, photo-excited carriers travel shorter distances across the thin-films reducing bulk recombination losses resulting in a lower saturation current in the PV cell. We predict a TPV efficiency enhancement with near-field coupling between the thermal emitter and the PV cell up to 38.7% using a thin-film germanium (Ge) emitter at 1000 K and an ultra-thin gallium antimonide (GaSb) cell supported by perfect back reflectors separated by 100 nm. Even in the far-field limit, the efficiency is predicted to reach 31.5%, which is over an order of magnitude higher than the Shockley Queisser limit of 1.6% for a bulk GaSb cell and a blackbody emitter at 1000 K. The proposed design approach does not require nanoscale patterning of the emitter and PV cell surfaces, but instead offers a simple low-cost solution to improve the performance of thermophotovoltaic systems.

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Research Organization:: Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Solid-State Solar-Thermal Energy Conversion Center (S3TEC); Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0001299; FG02-09ER46577; FG02-02ER45977

OSTI ID:: 1210789

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1594150

Journal Information:: Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1; Related Information: S3TEC partners with Massachusetts Institute of Technology (lead); Boston College; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; ISSN 2045-2322

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 109 works

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$T$ Operator Bounds on Angle-Integrated Absorption and Thermal Radiation for Arbitrary Objects Molesky, Sean; Jin, Weiliang; Venkataram, Prashanth S. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 123, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.123.257401	journal	December 2019
Thermoelectrics versus thermophotovoltaics: two approaches to convert heat fluxes into electricity Okanimba Tedah, Irene Ambo; Maculewicz, Franziska; Wolf, Dietrich E. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 52, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ab1833	journal	May 2019
Plasmonic light trapping for enhanced light absorption in film-coupled ultrathin metamaterial thermophotovoltaic cells Ni, Qing; Alshehri, Hassan; Yang, Yue Frontiers in Energy, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11708-018-0522-x	journal	December 2017
Ultraefficient thermophotovoltaic power conversion by band-edge spectral filtering Omair, Zunaid; Scranton, Gregg; Pazos-Outón, Luis M. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 116, Issue 31 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1903001116	journal	July 2019
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