Utilization of municipal wastewater for cooling in thermoelectric power plants

Safari, Iman; Walker, Michael E.; Hsieh, Ming-Kai; Dzombak, David A.; Liu, Wenshi; Vidic, Radisav D.; Miller, David C.; Abbasian, Javad

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2013.03.062

Title: Utilization of municipal wastewater for cooling in thermoelectric power plants

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Abstract

A process simulation model has been developed using Aspen Plus® with the OLI (OLI System, Inc.) water chemistry model to predict water quality in the recirculating cooling loop utilizing secondary- and tertiary-treated municipal wastewater as the source of makeup water. Simulation results were compared with pilot-scale experimental data on makeup water alkalinity, loop pH, and ammonia evaporation. The effects of various parameters including makeup water quality, salt formation, NH₃ and CO₂ evaporation mass transfer coefficients, heat load, and operating temperatures were investigated. The results indicate that, although the simulation model can capture the general trends in the loop pH, experimental data on the rates of salt precipitation in the system are needed for more accurate prediction of the loop pH. It was also found that stripping of ammonia and carbon dioxide in the cooling tower can influence the cooling loop pH significantly. The effects of the NH₃ mass transfer coefficient on cooling loop pH appear to be more significant at lower values (e.g., k_NH3 < 4×10_-3 m/s) when the makeup water alkalinity is low (e.g., <90 mg/L as CaCO₃). The effect of the CO2 mass transfer coefficient was found to be significant only at lower alkalinity values (e.g., k_CO2<4×10_-6 m/s).

Authors:

Safari, Iman ^[1]; Walker, Michael E. ^[1]; Hsieh, Ming-Kai ^[2]; Dzombak, David A. ^[2]; Liu, Wenshi ^[3]; Vidic, Radisav D. ^[3]; Miller, David C. ^[4]; Abbasian, Javad ^[1]

Illinois Inst. of Technology, Chicago, IL (United States)
Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA (United States)
Univ. of Pittsburgh, PA (United States)
National Energy Technology Lab. (NETL), Morgantown, WV (United States)

Publication Date:: Sun Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2013

Research Org.:: National Energy Technology Lab. (NETL), Pittsburgh, PA, and Morgantown, WV (United States). In-house Research

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Fossil Energy (FE)

OSTI Identifier:: 1129488

Report Number(s):: A-UNIV-PUB-026
Journal ID: ISSN 0016-2361

DOE Contract Number:: FE0004000

Resource Type:: Journal Article

Journal Name:: Fuel

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 111; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0016-2361

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION; Municipal wastewater; Cooling system; Thermoelectric power plant; Water Chemistry and Quality; Modeling and Simulation, Cooling Tower

Citation Formats


                    Safari, Iman, Walker, Michael E., Hsieh, Ming-Kai, Dzombak, David A., Liu, Wenshi, Vidic, Radisav D., Miller, David C., and Abbasian, Javad. Utilization of municipal wastewater for cooling in thermoelectric power plants.  United States: N. p., 2013. 
        Web.  doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2013.03.062.

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                    Safari, Iman, Walker, Michael E., Hsieh, Ming-Kai, Dzombak, David A., Liu, Wenshi, Vidic, Radisav D., Miller, David C., & Abbasian, Javad. Utilization of municipal wastewater for cooling in thermoelectric power plants.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2013.03.062

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                    Safari, Iman, Walker, Michael E., Hsieh, Ming-Kai, Dzombak, David A., Liu, Wenshi, Vidic, Radisav D., Miller, David C., and Abbasian, Javad. 2013.  
        "Utilization of municipal wastewater for cooling in thermoelectric power plants".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2013.03.062.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1129488.

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@article{osti_1129488,

  title        = {Utilization of municipal wastewater for cooling in thermoelectric power plants},

  author       = {Safari, Iman and Walker, Michael E. and Hsieh, Ming-Kai and Dzombak, David A. and Liu, Wenshi and Vidic, Radisav D. and Miller, David C. and Abbasian, Javad},

  abstractNote = {A process simulation model has been developed using Aspen Plus® with the OLI (OLI System, Inc.) water chemistry model to predict water quality in the recirculating cooling loop utilizing secondary- and tertiary-treated municipal wastewater as the source of makeup water. Simulation results were compared with pilot-scale experimental data on makeup water alkalinity, loop pH, and ammonia evaporation. The effects of various parameters including makeup water quality, salt formation, NH3 and CO2 evaporation mass transfer coefficients, heat load, and operating temperatures were investigated. The results indicate that, although the simulation model can capture the general trends in the loop pH, experimental data on the rates of salt precipitation in the system are needed for more accurate prediction of the loop pH. It was also found that stripping of ammonia and carbon dioxide in the cooling tower can influence the cooling loop pH significantly. The effects of the NH3 mass transfer coefficient on cooling loop pH appear to be more significant at lower values (e.g., kNH3 < 4×10-3 m/s) when the makeup water alkalinity is low (e.g., <90 mg/L as CaCO3). The effect of the CO2 mass transfer coefficient was found to be significant only at lower alkalinity values (e.g., kCO2<4×10-6 m/s).},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.fuel.2013.03.062},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1129488},
  journal      = {Fuel},

  issn         = {0016-2361},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 111,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Sun Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2013},

  month        = {Sun Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2013}

}

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