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Title: Situ formation of apatite for sequestering radionuclides and heavy metals

Patent ·
OSTI ID:1007474

Methods for in situ formation in soil of a permeable reactive barrier or zone comprising a phosphate precipitate, such as apatite or hydroxyapatite, which is capable of selectively trapping and removing radionuclides and heavy metal contaminants from the soil, while allowing water or other compounds to pass through. A preparation of a phosphate reagent and a chelated calcium reagent is mixed aboveground and injected into the soil. Subsequently, the chelated calcium reagent biodegrades and slowly releases free calcium. The free calcium reacts with the phosphate reagent to form a phosphate precipitate. Under the proper chemical conditions, apatite or hydroxyapatite can form. Radionuclide and heavy metal contaminants, including lead, strontium, lanthanides, and uranium are then selectively sequestered by sorbing them onto the phosphate precipitate. A reducing agent can be added for reduction and selective sequestration of technetium or selenium contaminants.

Research Organization:
Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), Albuquerque, NM, and Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
DOE Contract Number:
AC04-94AL85000
Assignee:
Sandia Corporation (Albuquerque, NM)
Patent Number(s):
6,592,294
Application Number:
10/008,769
OSTI ID:
1007474
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (7)

Immobilization of Uranium in Contaminated Sediments by Hydroxyapatite Addition journal December 1998
Sorption of uranium and other heavy metals on hydroxyapatite journal December 1995
Preparation of hydroxyapatite by the hydrolysis of brushite journal December 1987
Kinetics of Hydroxyapatite Formation at Low Temperature journal May 1991
Immobilization of Actinides by Hydroxylapatite journal January 1991
Precipitation of calcium phosphate at 40° C from neutral solution journal December 1991
Effect of citric acid on the nucleation of hydroxyapatite in a simulated body fluid journal November 1999