Fractionated Radiation Exposure of Rat Spinal Cords Leads to Latent Neuro-Inflammation in Brain, Cognitive Deficits, and Alterations in Apurinic Endonuclease 1

Suresh Kumar, M. A.; Peluso, Michael; Chaudhary, Pankaj; Dhawan, Jasbeer; Beheshti, Afshin; Manickam, Krishnan; Thapar, Upasna; Pena, Louis; Natarajan, Mohan; Hlatky, Lynn; Demple, Bruce; Naidu, Mamta

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0133016

Title: Fractionated Radiation Exposure of Rat Spinal Cords Leads to Latent Neuro-Inflammation in Brain, Cognitive Deficits, and Alterations in Apurinic Endonuclease 1

Journal Article · Fri Jul 24 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · PLoS ONE

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133016· OSTI ID:1259274

Suresh Kumar, M. A. ^[1]; Peluso, Michael ^[2]; Chaudhary, Pankaj ^[3]; Dhawan, Jasbeer ^[4]; Beheshti, Afshin ^[2]; Manickam, Krishnan ^[5]; Thapar, Upasna ^[6]; Pena, Louis ^[7]; Natarajan, Mohan ^[5]; Hlatky, Lynn ^[2]; Demple, Bruce ^[6]; Naidu, Mamta ^[2]

Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)
Tufts Univ. School of Medicine, Boston, MA (United States)
Queen's Univ., Belfast, Northern Ireland (United Kingdom)
Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States)
Univ. of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UTHSCSA), San Antonio, TX (United States)
Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States). Dept. of Pharmacological Sciences
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Dept. of Biosciences

Ionizing radiation causes degeneration of myelin, the insulating sheaths of neuronal axons, leading to neurological impairment. As radiation research on the central nervous system has predominantly focused on neurons, with few studies addressing the role of glial cells, we have focused our present research on identifying the latent effects of single/ fractionated -low dose of low/ high energy radiation on the role of base excision repair protein Apurinic Endonuclease-1, in the rat spinal cords oligodendrocyte progenitor cells ’ differentiation. Apurinic endonuclease-1 is predominantly upregulated in response to oxidative stress by low- energy radiation, and previous studies show significant induction of Apurinic Endonucle- ase-1 in neurons and astrocytes. Our studies show for the first time, that fractionation of pro- tons cause latent damage to spinal cord architecture while fractionation of HZE (²⁸Si) induce increase in APE1 with single dose, which then decreased with fractionation. In conclusion, the oligoden- drocyte progenitor cells differentiation was skewed with increase in immature oligodendro- cytes and astrocytes, which likely cause the observed decrease in white matter, increased neuro-inflammation, together leading to the observed significant cognitive defects

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Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); Stony Brook University

Grant/Contract Number:: NNX11AO89; NNAX13AD74G; NNX13AJ01

OSTI ID:: 1259274

Journal Information:: PLoS ONE, Vol. 10, Issue 7; ISSN 1932-6203

Publisher:: Public Library of ScienceCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 6 works

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